Rudzi rweBhizinesi
Pamwe chete nekufambira mberi kwehupfumi hwenyika nebhizinesi, mhando dzakasiyana dzemabhizinesi dzakabuda kuti dzisangane nezvinodiwa nemusika. Kusarudza mhando chaiyo yebhizinesi kwakakosha kune vanotanga mabhizinesi, sezvo mhando yega yega ine hunhu hwakasiyana, zvakanakira, uye njodzi. Chinyorwa chino chichakurukura mhando dzakasiyana dzemabhizinesi, ese ari maviri emuno neepasi rese.
1. Kuva muridzi wemunhu wega
Kuzviwanira wega ndechimwe chezvinhu zviri nyore zvebhizinesi. Rudzi urwu rwakakodzera mabhizinesi madiki uye mabhizinesi ega ega anoda kutanga bhizinesi nemari shoma. Heano mamwe emabhenefiti ekuzviwanira wega:
- Kudzora Kwakazara: Muridzi ane simba rakazara pakushanda kwebhizinesi nesarudzo, nekuti hapana kupindira kubva kune vamwe mapato.
- Nyore Yekugadzira: Kugadzira kambani yemunhu wega kuri nyore uye hakudi zvinodiwa zvakawanda zvemutemo kana zvekutonga.
- Mutero Uri Nyore: Varidzi vanongofanira kutaura mari inowanikwa nebhizinesi semari inowanikwa nemunhu, saka hapana mutero wakasiyana webhizinesi.
Zvisinei, kunewo zvimwe zvinhu zvisina kunaka zve sole proprietorships, zvakaita semutoro usina muganho, apo muridzi ndiye ane mutoro wakakwana wechikwereti kana kurasikirwa kwekambani.
2. Siginicha
Kambani imhando yebhizinesi umo vanhu vaviri kana kupfuura vanomhanyisa bhizinesi pamwe chete nechinangwa chekuwana purofiti. Pane zvinhu zvakakosha zvakaita sekambani:
– Mutoro wePamwe Chete: Nhengo dzese dzekambani dzine mutoro wakaenzana wepurofiti nekurasikirwa kwebhizinesi.
– Kudyidzana: Kunowanzo tangwa zvichibva pachibvumirano pakati pevaridzi maererano nekugovaniswa kwepurofiti, mipiro yemari, uye manejimendi yebhizinesi.
Kunyangwe hazvo mukana wekambani uri wekubatana pakati pevadyidzani, dambudziko guru mutoro usingaperi unoshandawo kune nhengo dzekambani.
3. Kambani Yechikwereti Chine Muganho (PT)
Kambani ine Mutoro Wakaganhurirwa (PT) imhando yebhizinesi inoonekwa sesangano repamutemo rakasiyana, rakasiyana nevaridzi varo. PT dzinogona kukamurwa muzvikamu zviviri:
– Public Limited Company (PT Tbk): Migove yayo inogona kutengeswa pamusika wemasheya, zvichipa mukana wekuunganidza mari yakawanda.
– Closed Limited Liability Company: Migove yayo haitengeswi pachena uye inowanzova yeboka diki revanhu vane migove.
Chinhu chikuru chinobatsira pakuita PT ndechekuti mutoro wevanemasheya unogumira pakukosha kwemasheya avo. Zvisinei, kugadzwa nekushanda kwePT kunoda zvinodiwa pamutemo zvakaoma uye kutarisirwa kwakasimba kubva kune vane masimba.
4. Kushandira pamwe
Mubatanidzwa wemakambani (cooperative) ibhizinesi rinoumbwa nevanhu vane zvido zvakafanana uye zvinangwa zvakafanana, zvichibva panheyo yemhuri. Kazhinji, masangano emakambani anovavarira kuvandudza kugara zvakanaka kwenhengo dzawo pane kuwedzera purofiti. Zvimwe zvezvinhu zvakakosha zvemasangano emakambani ndeizvi:
– Democracy muManagement: Nhengo yega yega ine kodzero dzakaenzana dzekuvhota mukuita sarudzo.
– Kubatsirana: Nhengo dzinotarisa pakubatsirana uye dzinotsigirana mukuzadzisa zvinangwa zvekushandira pamwe.
Kunyangwe hazvo masangano ekubatsirana achigona kuvandudza hupfumi hwenharaunda, dambudziko rinowanzo sangana naro nderekuita sarudzo zvishoma nezvishoma nekuti dzinofanirwa kutenderwa nemapato akawanda.
5. Commanditaire Vennootschap (CV)
CV ibhizinesi rine vadyidzani vanoshanda nesimba uye vasingashande nesimba, uko vadyidzani vanoshanda nesimba vane mutoro wakazara wekushanda kwebhizinesi uye vadyidzani vasingashande nesimba vanongopa mari chete. Hunhu hukuru hweCV ndeihu:
- Kupatsanurwa Kwebasa: Vadyidzani vanoshanda vane mutoro wakazara wekutarisira nemabasa epamutemo, nepo vadyidzani vasingashande vanongoshanda sevanoisa mari chete.
- Nyore Yekuumbwa: Kufanana nekambani, CV iri nyore kuumbwa pane PT nekuti zvinodiwa pakugadzwa kwekambani zviri nyore.
Chinonyanya kuganhurirwa neCV ndechekuti mubatsiri anoshanda ane mutoro usingaperi, uye mubatsiri asingashande haana simba mumabasa ezuva nezuva.
6. BUMN (Makambani Ehurumende)
Kambani yehurumende (SOE) ikambani inotongwa nehurumende, ingave yose kana kuti chikamu chayo. Chinangwa chikuru chekuumba sangano reSOE ndechekushandira zvido zveveruzhinji uye kugadzira mabasa. Masangano eSOE ane hunhu hwakasiyana:
- Muridzi weHurumende: Hurumende ndiyo ine mugoveri vazhinji.
– Basa reHurumende: Chinangwa chikuru chiri pabasa rehurumende nekusimudzira hupfumi hwenyika pane kungotsvaga purofiti.
Zvisinei, semakambani ehurumende, dzimwe nguva maSOE anosangana nehurongwa hwakaoma hwehurumende uye haakwanise kuchinjika pakupindura shanduko dzemusika.
7. Nheyo
Nheyo haisi bhizinesi rinoda purofiti, asi isangano rine chinangwa chekupa mabhenefiti munharaunda, mune zvechitendero, kana mune zvedzidzo. Zvimwe zvinhu zvenheyo zvinosanganisira:
– Zvinangwa Zvisiri Zvekuwana Purofiti: Tarisa pakubatsira vanhu munharaunda nemabasa ekubatsira vanhu pane kuwana purofiti.
- Midziyo Yakasiyana: Nheyo iyi ine midziyo yakasiyana nemidziyo yevakatanga sangano rayo.
Dambudziko guru remasangano nderokutarisira mari nemazvo uye kuchengetedza pachena mumabasa kuitira kuchengetedza kuvimba kwevanopa mari neveruzhinji.
Mhedziso
Kusarudza rudzi rwakakodzera rwebhizinesi idanho rakakosha mukutanga nekufambisa bhizinesi. Rudzi rwebhizinesi rega rega rune zvarunobatsira nezvarunokanganisa, zvichienderana nezvinangwa zvebhizinesi rako, chimiro chemuridzi, uye zvinodiwa nemari. Semuzvinabhizinesi, zvakakosha kuongorora zvakakwana sarudzo yega yega iripo kuti uone rudzi rwebhizinesi rinonyatsoenderana nezvinangwa zvako. Nekunzwisisa mhando dzakasiyana dzebhizinesi, unogona kuwedzera mikana yebhizinesi rako yekubudirira uye kugara kwenguva refu mune ramangwana.
