Mazano Ekubudirira Kurima Orchids Muhari
MaOrchid anozivikanwa seimwe yemiti inoyevedza zvikuru yekushongedza nekuda kwemaruva ayo akanaka, mavara akasiyana-siyana, uye kugona kuwedzera runako kune chero kona yemba. Zvisinei, vanhu vazhinji vanozeza kurima maOrchid nekuti anoonekwa seasina kugadzikana. Zvisinei, kiyi yekubudirira iri mukunzwisisa zvinhu zvekutanga: maOrchid haabatwe semiti yakajairika iri muhari. Anoda nzira yakasiyana yekukura, nzira dzakasiyana dzekudiridza, uye zvinodiwa zvakanyanya zvechiedza nemhepo. Kana ukatevera misimboti iyi yekutanga, kurima maOrchid muhari kunogona kuva chiitiko chinonakidza uye chinopa mubayiro.
Heano mazano akazara ekubatsira orchid yako kukura zvakanaka, kuchinja nekukurumidza, uye kutumbuka nguva nenguva.
1. Ziva rudzi rweorchid yauri kudyara.
Danho rekutanga rinowanzo furatirwa nderekuziva mhando dzemaoriki. Kazhinji, maoriki anowanzo kurimwa kumba anowira mumapoka maviri makuru:
– Maorchid eEpiphytic (semuenzaniso Phalaenopsis/moon, Dendrobium, Vanda): muzvisikwa anozvibatanidza pamatanda emiti, midzi yawo inoda mhepo yakawanda uye haadi minda yakakora.
– Maorchid epasi (semuenzaniso Paphiopedilum, mamwe marudzi eCymbidium): anokura muvhu/marara, anowanzoda nzvimbo yakapfava uye inonyorovesa.
MaOrchidhi anonyanya kufarirwa kune vanotanga iPhalaenopsis neDendrobium, ayo ari epiphytes. Izvi zvinoreva kuti uchafanira kutarisa pane nzvimbo ine maburi, hari inofefetera zvakanaka, uye kudiridza zvine mwero.
2. Sarudza poto yakakodzera : mhepo inofefetera ndiyo inonyanya kukosha
Hari dzemaorchid hadzifanirwe kunge dzakamanikana sehari dzemiti. Maorchid eEpiphytic anoda oxygen yakakomberedza midzi yawo. Saka, shandisa hari ine chimwe chezvinotevera:
– Hari dzine maburi akawanda (hari dzemaorchid) kuitira kuti mhepo ipinde kubva kumativi.
– Hari dzepurasitiki dzinoonekera (kunyanya dzePhalaenopsis), nekuti dzinoita kuti zvive nyore kuti uone mamiriro emidzi uye hunyoro hwenzvimbo yacho.
– Hari dzevhu dzinogona kushandiswa, asi dzinooma nekukurumidza; dzakanakira kana nzvimbo yako ine hunyoro kana kuti uchida mvura yakawanda.
Zano rinoshanda: Sarudza hari ine saizi yakakodzera, kwete yakakura zvakanyanya. Hari yakakura zvakanyanya inononotsa kuoma uye inowedzera njodzi yekuora kwemidzi.
3. Shandisa nzvimbo yekudyara ine maburi , kwete ivhu
Chikanganiso chinowanzoitwa kudyara maorchid muvhu remubindu kana mufudze wakanaka sezvimwe zvirimwa zvemumba. Kune maorchid epiphytic, zvinokurudzirwa zvinosanganisira:
– Makwati emupaini: anonyanya kufarirwa nekuti anogara kwenguva refu uye ane kutenderera kwakanaka kweropa.
– Marasha: akareruka, ane maburi, anobatsira kudzvinyirira chakuvhuvhu, asi anooma nekukurumidza.
– Machipisi ecoconut fiber/coconut: anochengetedza mvura kwenguva yakareba; anofanira kugezwa/kunyikwa kuti munyu usanyanya kuwanda.
– Sphagnum moss: inochengetedza mvura zvakanaka, yakakodzera kunzvimbo dzinopisa, asi unofanira kungwarira kuti isanyorove zvakanyanya.
– Matombo ePerlite/anoyangarara: anowedzera maburi emhepo.
Unogona kushandisa musanganiswa, semuenzaniso, gwati + marasha + moss shoma. Pfungwa huru ndeyekuti: chinhu chinofanira kuburitsa mvura nekukurumidza, kwete kunyorova, uye kupa nzvimbo yemhepo kumidzi.
4. Chenjererai madyariro amunoita kuitira kuti midzi isanyanya kuomeswa.
Pakuisa maorchid muhari:
1. Bvisa orchid muhari yekare wobvisa chero chinhu chakaora.
2. Cheka midzi yakaora (yakatsvuka, yakapfava, inonhuwa) nechigero chisina utachiona.
3. Siya midzi ine hutano (yakasvibirira, yakasimba) isina kukuvadzwa.
4. Isa orchid pakati pehari, wozoizadza nemedia uku uchibaya zvinyoro nyoro kuitira kuti media ipinde pakati pemidzi.
5. Usanyatsoisa midziyo yacho zvakasimba—midzi yeorchid inoda nzvimbo yemhepo.
Mushure mekudzvanya orchid, zvakanaka kuti usakurumidza kuizadza nemvura. Ipe mazuva 1-2 kuti igadzirire (zvichienderana nemamiriro emidzi) kuti chidimbu chiome uye kuderedza njodzi yehutachiona.
5. Gadzirisa chiedza: chakajeka, asi kwete chakaomarara.
Maorchid anowanzo farira chiedza chakajeka, chisina kunanga. Kusviba kwakawanda kunoita kuti mashizha asvibe asi zvinotadzisa kutumbuka. Kupenya kwakawanda kuchapisa mashizha.
Chiyero chiri nyore:
– Mashizha matsva egirini: kazhinji chiedza chakakwana.
– Mashizha egirini rakasviba: kushaikwa kwechiedza (kazhinji kunokonzera kusatumbuka).
– Mashizha eyero kana mavanga akatsva: zuva rakawandisa.
Nzvimbo yakanaka mumba inowanzova pedyo nehwindo rine machira akajeka, vheranda rine mumvuri, kana nzvimbo ine zuva remangwanani.
6. Kudiridza: zviri nani zvishoma pane kuwandisa
Maokidhi anofa kakawanda nekuda kwekudiridza zvakanyanya kupfuura nekunyura mumvura. Midzi yacho inofanira kunge yakanyorova yozooma zvishoma.
Mazano ekudiridza zvakachengeteka:
– Diridza kana chinhu chacho chaoma. Pahari dzakajeka, midzi yacho inotaridzika sesirivha kana yaoma uye yegirini kana yakanyorova.
– Shandisa mvura yakachena (zviri nani kushandisa mvura isina kuoma zvakanyanya/isina calcium yakawanda).
– Diridza kusvika mvura yabuda pasi pehari, wobva warega ichiyerera zvachose.
– Dzivisai kuisa mvura mu "korona" yemashizha (kunyanya Phalaenopsis) sezvo ichigona kukonzera kuora.
Kuwanda kwekudiridza kunoenderana nemamiriro ekunze uye nzvimbo inokura. Kana kuchipisa, kunogona kuitwa mazuva ese maviri kusvika mana, nepo kana paine hunyoro, kunogona kuitwa kamwe chete pasvondo. Saka, usanyanya kutarisisa nguva—tarisa mamiriro enzvimbo inokura.
7. Chengetedza hunyoro uye kutenderera kwemhepo
MaOrchids anofarira hunyoro huri pakati nepakati kusvika pakakwirira (anenge 50–70%), asi haadi mhepo yakazadza. Musanganiswa wakakodzera hunyoro + mhepo.
Maitiro ekuwedzera hunyoro pasina kunyorovesa midzi:
– Isa hari patireyi ine tumatombo twakazara nemvura (mvura haifanirwe kubata pasi pehari).
– Unganidza zvirimwa zvakasiyana-siyana kuti ugadzire mamiriro ekunze ane hunyoro.
– Pfapfaidza mhepo yakapoteredza zvishoma mangwanani (usarega mashizha achinyorova).
Iva nechokwadi chekuti pane kutenderera kwemhepo: terasi, hwindo rakavhurika, kana feni diki muimba yakavharwa.
8. Kuberekesa nguva dzose nedosi shoma
MaOrchids anoda zvinovaka muviri, asi haadi "kumanikidzwa" kuapa nefetereza yakawanda. Pfungwa yacho ndeiyi: zvishoma nezvishoma, asi nguva nenguva.
– Shandisa fetereza yakakosha yeorchid kana fetereza yeNPK yakaringana yakasanganiswa nemvura.
– Dosi yakajairika: 1/4 kusvika 1/2 yedosi yakanyorwa, inopihwa kamwe chete pavhiki imwe kusvika mbiri.
– Dzimwe nguva (semuenzaniso kamwe chete pamwedzi), sukurudza nemvura isina kupfava kuti "usuke" munyu wasara. fetereza iri pa media.
Munguva yekutumbuka kwemaruva, vamwe vanhu vanoshandisa fetereza ine phosphorus yakawanda, asi chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuchengetedza nguva dzose (chiedza, mvura, kutenderera kwemvura).
9. Zivai zvipembenene nezvirwere kubva pakutanga
Zvipembenene zvinowanzo rwisa maorchid zvinosanganisira mealybugs, mites, thrips, uye hozhwa. Zvirwere zvinowanzo sanganisira kuora kwemidzi kana kuora kwemashizha kunokonzerwa nefungus kana mabhakitiriya.
Kudzivirira kunobudirira:
– Gara uchitarisa pasi pemashizha uye pakati pemadzinde.
– Siya zvirimwa zvitsva kweinenge vhiki imwe kusvika mbiri.
– Usarega mvura ichidzika muhari.
– Kana paine zvipembenene, zvichenese nedonje rine doro kana kupfapfaidza mushonga wezvipembenene sezvinodiwa (shandisa sezvinodiwa).
Kana midzi ikatanga kuora, dzvanya miriwo ipapo ipapo woderedza kudiridza. Orchid inogona kupora chero bedzi iine midzi yakasimba kana mitsva.
10. Kuisa maruva matsva nguva dzose: chinhu chikuru chinoita kuti orchid dzirambe dzakasimba
Miti yeOrchid yakaita semakwati kana coconut fiber inoora nekufamba kwenguva, yozowedzera kukora, uye inochengeta mvura kwenguva yakareba. Izvi zvinokuvadza midzi.
Nguva yekudzorerazve?
– Midhiya yacho inongoerekana yaoma uye inoparadzwa zviri nyore.
– Hari yacho inonhuwa semafufu kana kuti midzi inowanzoora.
– Orchid yakazara zvakanyanya uye midzi iri kubuda zvakanyanya.
– Kazhinji makore 1-2 ega ega ega ezvimedu zvemakwati, zvinogona kuitika kakawanda kune zvimedu zvinokurumidza kuora.
Kudyarazve zvirimwa kunoitwa zvakanaka mushure mekunge nguva yemaruva yapera kana kuti chirimwa chave kumera midzi mitsva.
Penutup
Kurima maorchid muhari zvinobudirira hakusi kwe "kuva neruoko runotonhorera," asi kunzwisisa zvinodiwa nemuti: midzi inoda mhepo, nzvimbo ine maburi, chiedza chakakwana, kudiridza kwakanaka, uye hunyoro hwakaringana uye kutenderera kwemvura. Kana uine hari yakakodzera, nzvimbo yakakodzera, uye nguva dzose yekutarisira, orchid yako ichakura yakasimba, haingaore zvakanyanya, uye ichave nemukana wakakura wekutumbuka.
Kana muchida mhinduro dzakanyatsojeka, munogona kundiudza rudzi rweorchid yamuri kuwana (Phalaenopsis, Dendrobium, nezvimwewo), nzvimbo yamuri kuisa (mukati/mumaterasi), uye mamiriro eguta renyu (anopisa/ane hunyoro), ipapo ndinogona kubatsira kugadzira gwara rekutarisira rakanangana.
