Zvinoreva uye Nhoroondo yeRwiyo Rwenyika rweIndonesia
Indonesia, nyika ine zvitsuwa zvikuru uye tsika dzakasiyana-siyana, ine rwiyo rwenyika runoratidza mweya wayo wekushingaira uye zvishuwo zveboka rose. Rudzi urwu rwenziyo "Indonesia Raya" (Great Indonesia), haruna kungotamba basa guru mukurwira rusununguko rwenyika chete asi runoramba ruchidzokorora zvishuwo zvevanhu varo. Kubva pamashoko ayo anofadza kusvika pakutanga kwayo kwenhoroondo, "Indonesia Raya" chiratidzo cherwendo rwenyika kuenda kuuchangamire nekubatana.
Mavambo uye Kusikwa
"Indonesia Raya" yakanyorwa naWage Rudolf Supratman, mutori wenhau uye muridzi weviolin akaberekerwa kuPurworejo, Central Java, muna 1903. Supratman akapesvedzerwa zvikuru nekuwedzera kwerudzi rwakapararira muIndonesia kutanga kwezana remakore rechi20. Panguva iyoyo, Indonesia yaive pasi pehutongi hweDutch, uye pfungwa yekuzvitonga yaive hope dziri kure asi dzakasimba kune vazhinji.
Muna 1924, Supratman akafunga nezvekunyora rwiyo rwenyika rwaigona kukurudzira vanhu vekuIndonesia. Zvakamutorera makore akati wandei kuti agadzire rwiyo rwakakwana, uye muna 1928, "Indonesia Raya" yakapedzwa. Rwiyo urwu rwakatanga kuratidzwa munhoroondo musi wa28 Gumiguru, 1928, panguva yeSecond Indonesian Youth Congress muBatavia (yava kunzi Jakarta). Musangano uyu waive wevechidiki vaida kubatanidza madzinza akawanda echitsuwa ichi pasi pechiratidzo chimwe chete.
Kutanga Kwenhoroondo Nematambudziko Ekutanga
Rwiyo rwacho rwakaimbwa zvinyoro nyoro, Supratman achiridza violin yake. Sarudzo yekuimba rwiyo urwu yakabva pakutyira kuti vakuru veDutch vaizoona mashoko acho seanopandukira. Pasinei nekuratidzwa kwacho kwakanyatsojeka, rwiyo urwu rwakabata mwoyo yevaenzi, avo vakabayiwa mwoyo neshoko rayo rine simba rekubatana nerusununguko.
Mumakore akatevera, "Indonesia Raya" yakava rwiyo rusina kunyorwa rwesangano rerusununguko. Zvisinei, yakasangana nematambudziko akawanda. Hurumende yekoloni yeDutch yakaona kuti rwiyo urwu rwaigona kukurudzira mafungiro erudzi uye yakaedza kudzvinyirira kupararira kwarwo. Supratman pachake akatarisana nekushungurudzwa nekuongororwa nevakuru vekoloni. Kunyange zvakadaro, rwiyo urwu rwakaramba rwuchipararira, rwuchipararira muchivande pakati pevanhu vekuIndonesia.
Rwiyo rwemashoko uye zvarinoreva
Mashoko erwiyo rwekuti “Indonesia Raya” anoratidza rudo rwenyika nekubatana. Rwiyo urwu runotanga na:
``
Nyika yangu yeIndonesia,
Nyika yakateurirwa ropa rangu.
Ndimire ipapo,
Saka tungamira amai vangu.
Indonesia ndiyo nyika yangu,
Rudzi Rwangu Nenyika Yangu.
Ngatishevedzerei,
"Indonesia inobatana!"
``
Kana zvashandurwa kuita Chirungu, mitsara iyi inoreva:
``
Indonesia, nyika yangu yekumusha,
Nyika yakateurirwa ropa rangu.
Ndiripo ipapo,
Kuti ndive mutungamiri wenyika yangu.
Indonesia, rudzi rwangu,
Rudzi rwangu nenyika yangu.
Ngatitaurei tose kuti,
"Indonesia inobatana!"
``
Mashoko acho anosimbisa kubatana kusingakanganwiki pakati pevanhu vekuIndonesia nenyika yavo, zvichiratidza pfungwa yekuzvarwa kwavo neramangwana ravo. Dingindira rinodzokororwa murwiyo urwu kubatana, richikurudzira maIndonesia kubva kumarudzi akasiyana, tsika nemagariro akasiyana kuti vaungane. Rwiyo rwekuti, “Indonesia Raya, Merdeka, Merdeka!” runosimbisa rusununguko neIndonesia huru.
Rwiyo urwu runoti vanhu vekuIndonesia vabatsire mukusimudzira nyika, vachisimbisa tsika dzakadai sekutsungirira, ushingi, uye kushanda pamwe chete. Mashoko acho anoshandawo sechiyeuchidzo chekuzvipira kwakaitwa mukurwira rusununguko uye mabasa anouya nerusununguko.
Kugamuchirwa kweVana Mushure meRusununguko
Indonesia yakazivisa kuzvitonga kwayo musi wa17 Nyamavhuvhu, 1945, mushure mekupera kweHondo Yenyika II uye kukundwa kweJapan, iyo yakanga yatora Indonesia panguva yekupedzisira kwehondo. "Indonesia Raya" yakaridzwa panguva yemhemberero yekuzivisa nezvenyika, zvichisimbisa chinzvimbo chayo serwiyo rwenyika. Muna 1950, yakagamuchirwa zviri pamutemo nehurumende yeIndonesia serwiyo rwenyika.
Rwendo rwerwiyo urwu kubva parwiyo rwepasi pevhu rwekupikisa chiratidzo chepamutemo chehurumende rwunoratidza kurwira rusununguko kuri kuramba kuripo munyika. Runomira seuchapupu hwekutsungirira uye kutsunga kwevanhu vekuIndonesia.
Kushanduka-shanduka uye Kurongeka
Mumakore apfuura, "Indonesia Raya" yave ichirongwa zvakasiyana-siyana kuti ienderane nezviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana uye mafomati. Shanduro inonyanya kushandiswa ndeye orchestral, iyo inoshandiswa panguva dzemitambo yenyika nezviitiko zvepamutemo. Zvisinei, pasinei nekuchinja kwezvirongwa zvemimhanzi, chinangwa chikuru neshoko rerwiyo rwacho zvakaramba zvakasimba.
Muna 2005, hurumende yeIndonesia yakaburitsa mutemo waitsanangura mashoko akakodzera uye kurongeka kwemimhanzi ye "Indonesia Raya" kuitira kuve nechokwadi chekuti nziyo dzacho dzakaenzana uye kudzivirira shanduko dzisina mvumo.
Tsika Kukosha
"Indonesia Raya" ine nzvimbo yakakosha mumoyo yevanhu vekuIndonesia. Inoridzwa panguva yezororo renyika, mitambo yenyika, uye zviitiko zvakakosha munharaunda, zvichikurudzira pfungwa yekudada nerudo rwenyika. Rwiyo urwu runoimbwawo muzvikoro, zvichidzidzisa tsika dzekubatana uye kudada nenyika muvechidiki vekuIndonesia kubva vachiri vadiki.
Kuimba kwerwiyo urwu kunowanzoperekedzwa nekusimudzwa kwemureza weIndonesia, "Sang Merah Putih" (Mutsvuku nechena), zvichiratidza hutongi hwenyika uye ropa rakadeurwa mukutsvaga kwayo. Kusanganiswa uku kwerwiyo nemureza kunoshanda sechiyeuchidzo chakasimba cherusununguko rweIndonesia rwakatorwa zvakaoma uye rwendo rwuri kuenderera mberi rwekuzadzisa nyika.
mhedziso
"Indonesia Raya" haisi rwiyo rwenyika chete; inyaya yerwendo rwenhoroondo yeIndonesia uye chiratidzo chekuzivikanwa kwayo senyika. Yakanyorwa munguva yematambudziko makuru, rwiyo urwu runosanganisira manzwiro, zviroto, uye kushinga kwevanhu vemuIndonesia. Mashoko aro nerwiyo zvakakurudzira zvizvarwa, zvichisimbisa pfungwa dzekubatana nerudo rwenyika.
Sezvo Indonesia ichiramba ichichinja uye ichitarisana nematambudziko matsva, "Indonesia Raya" inoramba iri chiratidzo chetariro uye chiyeuchidzo chemweya werudzi unogara kwenguva refu. Inoratidza shoko risingaperi rekuti, pasinei nekusiyana kwetsika, mitauro, netsika, vanhu veIndonesia vakabatana murudo rwavo kunyika yavo uye kuzvipira kwavo kuhukuru hwayo.
