Gakava Rakakomberedza Kuwanikwa kwaChristopher Columbus kweAmerica
Musi weMuvhuro wechipiri waGumiguru gore rega rega, maAmerican vanopemberera Zuva raColumbus, vachiyeuka rwendo rwenhoroondo rwaChristopher Columbus achiyambuka Atlantic uye "kuwanikwa" kwake kweNyika Itsva muna 1492. Kwemazana emakore, chiitiko ichi chakaziviswa senguva apo nyika mbiri dzakasangana, zvichikonzera kupararira kwetsika dzekuMadokero uye kutanga kwenguva itsva. Zvisinei, mumakore achangopfuura, nyaya iyi yave ichinyatsoongororwa uye ichipikiswa. Gakava riri pamusoro pekuwanikwa kwaChristopher Columbus kweAmerica rinobata-bata nyaya dzekururama kwenhoroondo, ruzivo rwetsika, uye nhaka yehukoloni.
Nyaya Yechinyakare
Kwemakore mazhinji, nyaya yaChristopher Columbus yave iri chikamu chedzidziso dzinodzidziswa muzvikoro zvekuUS. Sekureva kwenhoroondo yechinyakare, Columbus, mufambi wegungwa wekuItaly anotsigirwa nemari neSpain, akatanga rwendo rwekuenda kumadokero kubva kuEurope, achitsvaga nzira itsva yekuenda kuAsia. Pane kudaro, akawana zvitsuwa zveCaribbean, nguva inowanzotsanangurwa se "kuwanikwa" kweAmerica. Rwendo rwake rwakaratidza kutanga kweNguva yeKutsvaga, zvichitungamira mukutorwa kweAmerica neEurope.
Kufungazve Nezvekuwana
Chimwe chezvinonyanya kutsoropodzwa pamusoro pe "kuwanikwa" kwaColumbus ishoko rekuti "Columbus" ndiye pachake. Kutaura kuti Columbus "akawana" America zvinoreva kuti kondinendi iyi yaisazivikanwa uye isina vanhu. Zvisinei, maonero aya anoregeredza chokwadi chekuti maAmerica aitove musha wemamiriyoni evanhu verudzi rwechivanhu vane nzanga dzakapfuma uye dzakaoma. Madzinza akaita seAztec, Maya, Inca, nedzimwe dzisingaverengeki akanga agadzira tsika dzakabudirira kare vasati vasangana neEurope. Kune nharaunda idzi, kusvika kwaColumbus kwaisava kuwanikwa asi kupindira.
Uyezve, pane humbowo hunoratidza kuti Columbus akanga asiri iye munhu wekutanga asiri werudzi rwechivanhu kusvika kuAmerica. Muongorori weNorse Leif Erikson anofungidzirwa kuti akasvika kuNorth America kunenge muna 1,000 AD, makore anoda kusvika 500 Columbus asati afamba rwendo rwake. Izwi rekuti "kuwanikwa" saka, rinoreva kuti "kuwanikwa" iro rinoratidza maonero anonyanya kukosha ekuvapo kweEurope nekubudirira kupfuura vagari vemo nenhoroondo yavo.
Nhaka Yerima yeNzendo dzaColumbus
Kunze kwekutaura nhema, nzendo dzaColumbus dzakava nemigumisiro yakakomba uye yaiwanzokuvadza vanhu verudzi rwechivanhu vekuAmerica. Paakasvika, Columbus nevanhu vake vakatanga kutaurirana kwaiwanzoita kuti pave nemhirizhonga nekushandiswa zvisina kunaka. Chimwe chezvinhu zvinosuwisa zvikuru munhoroondo iyi kubatwa kwevanhu verudzi rweTaíno muCaribbean. Mukati memakore Columbus asvika, vanhu verudzi rweTaíno vakaparadzwa nekuda kwemhirizhonga, uranda, mamiriro ebasa akaomarara, uye zvirwere zvakaunzwa nevaEurope, izvo vanhu verudzi rwechivanhu vakanga vasina dziviriro.
Zvinyorwa zveColumbus mumagazini zvinorondedzera zvakadzama nezvekutorwa kwevanhu vechivanhu sevaranda uye matanho eutsinye aishandiswa kuvadzvinyirira. Zvinyorwa zvenhoroondo zvinoratidza kuti vanhu vechivanhu vechivanhu vazhinji vaimanikidzwa kushanda mumigodhi neminda, zvichikonzera kurasikirwa kukuru kwehupenyu. Nguva iyi yakaratidza muenzaniso wedambudziko guru rekutorwa kwenyika, kushandiswa zvisina kunaka, uye kuuraya vanhu rakatevera muAmerica yese.
Kuongororazve Tsika neTsika
Zvichienderana neizvi, hunhu nenhaka yaChristopher Columbus zvave kuongororwa zvakanyanya. Zuva reColumbus, iro raimbova kupemberera kuongorora nekutanga kutsva, rinoonekwa nevakawanda sechiratidzo chekudzvinyirirwa kwevakoloni uye kutanga kwekutambura kwemazana emakore kwevanhu vekuAmerica.
Zviri kuramba zvichiwedzera, kwave nekukumbirwa kuti zuva reColumbus ritsiviwe neZuva revanhu verudzi rweIndigenous, zororo raizokudza nhoroondo, tsika, uye mipiro yevanhu verudzi rweIndigenous. Huwandu huri kuramba huchikura hwematunhu, maguta, nemasangano ekuAmerica atoita shanduko iyi, zvichiratidza kuchinja kukuru mutsika dzevanhu uye kuzivikanwa kwakadzama kwekusaruramisira kwenhoroondo.
Columbus mukufungidzira kweveruzhinji
Gakava iri rakapararirawo munzvimbo yeruzhinji nenharo pamusoro pezviyeuchidzo nezvifananidzo zveColumbus. Vatsigiri vezviyeuchidzo izvi vanoti zvinomiririra chikamu chakakosha chenhaka yeAmerica uye mweya wekutsvaga. Vanopikisa vanoti vanoyeuka munhu ane chekuita nekutambura kukuru nekudzvinyirirwa.
Zvimwe zvidhori zvakabviswa zviri pamutemo kana kutamiswa, nepo zvimwe zvakaparadzwa kana kuputswa nevanorwira kodzero dzevanhu panguva yekuratidzira. Zviito izvi chikamu chehurongwa hwepasi rose hwekufungazve nezvezviyeuchidzo nezviratidzo zvine chekuita nekukoloniyasi nekudzvinyirirwa kwerudzi.
Dzidzo Shifts
Masisitimu edzidzo ari kuchinja zvishoma nezvishoma kubva pane zvataurwa naColumbus. Zvidzidzo zvakawanda zvinovavarira kubatanidza maonero eVanhu veMarudzi uye kupa maonero akaenzana enhoroondo. Kuchinja uku hakungosanganisiri kungorondedzera zvakaitwa nevanhu veMarudzi veMarudzi asiwo kutarisana nematambudziko ehudzvanyiriri hwekutorwa kweEurope.
Kuchinja uku kwedzidzo kwakakosha pakusimudzira kunzwisisa nhoroondo kwakanyatsojeka. Kunokurudzira vadzidzi kuti vanyatsonzwisisa zvakaitika kare, vaone maonero akasiyana-siyana, uye vanzwisise migumisiro yenguva refu yezviitiko zvenhoroondo panzanga yanhasi.
Global Perspectives
Nhaurirano pamusoro penhaka yaColumbus haisi yeUnited States chete. MuAmerica neEurope, kune maonero akasiyana-siyana pamusoro perwendo rwake nemhedzisiro yarwo. MuLatin America, uko migumisiro yekutorwa kweSpain yaive yakakura, Columbus aiwanzova munhu ane gakava zvikuru. Nyika dzakadai seMexico, Peru, neBolivia, dzine vanhu vakawanda verudzi rwechivanhu, dzinocherechedza Día de la Raza (Zuva reMhando) kana mazororo akafanana anotarisa pakubatana kwetsika nenhaka yerudzi rwechivanhu.
Spain, iyo yaitsigira mafambiro aColumbus, iri kurwisanawo nenhaka iyi yakaoma, ichipemberera zvaakabudirira uku ichicherechedza zvinhu zvakashata zvenguva yehutongi hwechikoloni.
mhedziso
Gakava riripo pamusoro pe "kuwanikwa" kwaChristopher Columbus muAmerica rinoratidza kurwira kukuru kwevanhu pamusoro pekuti nhoroondo inorondedzerwa sei uye inoyeukwa sei. Rinosimbisa kukosha kwekuongororazve nhoroondo dzakaitika, tichifunga nezvemaonero evaya vakasiyiwa pasi uye vakakanganiswa nezviitiko izvi. Sezvo nzanga dzichiwedzera kubatanidza vanhu uye kuziva, zvakakosha kuziva hunhu hwenhoroondo hwakasiyana-siyana, tichipemberera kubudirira uye mipiro yevanhu vese uku tichiziva nekudzidza kubva mukusaruramisira kwakapfuura.
Kufungazve nezvenhaka yaColumbus hakusi kwekubvisa nhoroondo asi kuiwedzera. Kunoreva kuenda kune kuratidzwa kwakazara uye kwakavimbika kwezvakaitika kare, uko kunokudza kushinga uye manzwi enharaunda dzechivanhu uye kunokurudzira kuyanana nekunzwisisana munguva ino.
