Pfungwa yeKutenderera kweMvura muJografi
Mvura inokosha kuhupenyu, ichiumba nzvimbo dzepasi redu uye inotsigira marudzi ese ehupenyu. Pfungwa yekutenderera kwemvura, inozivikanwawo se hydrological cycle, inopa hurongwa hwakakosha mu geography kuti tinzwisise kuti mvura inofamba sei kuburikidza nemasisitimu akasiyana ezvakatipoteredza. Kutenderera kwemvura kunoratidza kufamba kunoramba kuripo kwemvura mukati meNyika nemhepo yayo kuburikidza nemaitiro akasiyana-siyana akadai sekubuda kwemvura, kunyorova, kunaya kwemvura, kupinda mumvura, uye kuyerera kwemvura. Chikamu chimwe nechimwe chinoita basa rakakosha mukuchengetedza nharaunda, kuumba mamiriro enzvimbo, uye kukanganisa maitiro emamiriro ekunze.
Kubuda Kwemvura Uye Kufema
Kutenderera kwemvura kunotanga nekubuda kwemvura, nzira iyo mvura inoshanduka kubva pakuva mvura kuita gasi kana utsi. Chinhu chikuru chinoita kuti mvura ibude isimba rezuva, iro rinopisa mvura dzakadai semakungwa, nzizi, madhamu, uye kunyange hunyoro huri muvhu. Sezvo mamorekuru emvura achiwana simba, anobuda pamusoro okwira mumhepo.
Kufemera, maitiro akafanana, kunoitika mumiti. Mvura inotorwa nemidzi yemiti inofamba ichienda kumashizha, uko inopwanyika ichipinda mumhepo kuburikidza nemaburi madiki anonzi stomata. Kutamiswa uku kwemvura kubva kumiti kuenda mumhepo kunobatsira zvikuru muhuwandu hwese hwemvura mumhepo.
Kunyungudika uye Kuumbwa Kwemakore
Kana mhute yemvura yakwira mumhepo, inotonhorera yoita makore. Kuumbwa kwemvura inoshanduka kuita mvura, kazhinji kacho ichitenderedza zvidimbu zvidiki mumhepo zvakaita seguruva kana mukume. Madonhwe aya anobatana kuita makore, ayo anogona kuonekwa semadonhwe makuru emvura akarembera mudenga.
Kuumbwa kwemakore kunokonzerwa nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, zvinosanganisira tembiricha, kureba, uye kuwanikwa kwemanyuchi emvura. Mhando dzakasiyana dzemakore, dzakadai secumulus, stratus, kana cirrus, dzinoumbwa mumamiriro akasiyana-siyana uye kukwirira, dzichiita mabasa akasiyana mumaitiro emamiriro ekunze uye kutenderera kwemvura.
Mvura: Mvura, Sinou, nezvimwe
Kunaya kwemvura kunoitika kana zvidimbu zvemakore zvikanyanya kurema zvekuti hazvigone kuramba zvakamira mumhepo zvodonha pasi. Kunaya kwemvura kunogona kutora mhando dzakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira mvura, sinou, sinou, uye chimvuramabwe, zvichienderana nekupisa nemamiriro ekunze.
Mvura ndiyo inonyanya kunaya, inoitika kana madonhwe emvura akabatana kuita madonhwe makuru anodonha nekuda kwesimba rinokwevera pasi. Sinou inovapo kana tembiricha yakaderera zvakakwana kuti madonhwe emvura aome mumakore, zvichiita kuti makristaro echando aungane pamwe chete odonha sechando. Chimvuramabwe nechimvuramabwe zvinosanganisira mamwe maitiro echando nekuungana mumakore.
Kupinda Mumvura Uye Kuchaja Mvura Pasi Pevhu
Kana mvura yasvika pasi, inonyura mune imwe danho rakakosha rekufamba kwemvura: kupinda mumvura. Kupinda mumvura inzira iyo mvura inopinda muvhu, ichizadza mvura iri pasi pevhu. Kupinda kwemvura kunoenderana nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira kuumbwa kwevhu, kufukidzwa kwemiti, uye kushandiswa kwevhu. Nzvimbo dzine ivhu rinopinda mvura uye miti yakawanda dzinowanzova nehuwandu hwakawanda hwekupinda mumvura.
Mvura yepasi pevhu inoita basa guru mukuchengetedza nharaunda nemabasa evanhu. Inodyisa zvitubu, nzizi, nemadziva, zvichipa mvura nguva dzose kunyangwe munguva dzemvura dzisina kunaya. Kunzwisisa mashandiro emvura yepasi pevhu kwakakosha pakutarisira zviwanikwa zvemvura, kunyanya munzvimbo dzinoshandisa mvura yekunwa nekudiridza.
Mvura Inoyerera Uye Pamusoro Pemvura
Haasi mvura yese inobva mumvura inonaya inopinda muvhu. Imwe yacho inoyerera pamusoro pemvura ichiyerera ichienda kunzizi, madhamu, nemakungwa. Mvura inoyerera inokonzerwa nezvinhu zvakaita senzvimbo dzakadzika, nzvimbo yakafukidzwa nevhu, uye huwandu hwevhu rakawanda. Mumaguta ane nzvimbo dzisingapindi mvura dzakadai sekongiri neasphalt, mvura inoyerera inowedzera, zvichikonzera mafashamo uye kusvibiswa kwemvura.
Nzizi nehova zvinoita basa guru mukutakura mvura inoyerera ichidzokera kunzvimbo dzakakura dzemvura. Dzinoumba network dzakaoma dzinoburitsa mvura munzvimbo dzakacherwa, dzinokanganisa kukurwa kwevhu, kutakurwa kwemadhaka, uye kupararira kwezvinovaka muviri. Kunzwisisa maitiro ekuyerera kwemvura kwakakosha pakugadzirisa njodzi dzemafashamo uye kuchengetedza nharaunda dzemumvura dzine hutano.
Basa reGungwa
Makungwa ndiwo matangi makuru emvura, anochengeta inenge 97% yemvura yepasi. Anoita basa guru mukudzora mamiriro ekunze nemamiriro ekunze. Kupwa kwemvura mugungwa inzvimbo yakakosha yehunyoro hwemhepo, zvichikanganisa kunaya kwemvura pasi rose uye madutu.
Pamusoro pezvo, mafungu egungwa anogovera kupisa pasi rose, zvichikanganisa mamiriro ekunze. Kudyidzana kuripo pakati pemakungwa nemhepo kunotungamira zviitiko zvakaita seEl Niño neLa Niña, izvo zvine mhedzisiro yakakura pamamiriro ekunze epasi rose uye nharaunda.
Kukanganiswa Kwakaitwa Vanhu Pakutenderera Kwemvura
Mabasa evanhu ane mhedzisiro yakakura pakufamba kwemvura. Kuwanda kwemaguta, kuparadzwa kwemasango, uye kurima zvinoshandura nzvimbo dzevhu, zvichikanganisa kupinda kwemvura, kuyerera kwemvura, uye mwero wekupwanyika kwemvura. Kutorwa kwemvura yekudiridza, maindasitiri, uye kushandiswa kwemumba kunopedza mvura yepasi uye kunochinja maitiro ekuyerera kwemvura.
Kusvibiswa kunokonzerwa nekuyerera kwemvura muminda, marara emaindasitiri, uye tsvina isina kugadziriswa zvinosvibisa mvura, zvichikanganisa nharaunda uye zvichiisa hutano hwevanhu panjodzi. Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze, kunokonzerwa nemhepo inokonzera kudziya kwepasi, kuri kuchinja maitiro ekunaya kwemvura, kuwedzera kuwanda kwezviitiko zvemamiriro ekunze akaipisisa, uye kukanganisa kuwanikwa kwemvura.
mhedziso
Kutenderera kwemvura inzira yakaoma uye inochinja-chinja inochengetedza hupenyu uye inoumba mamiriro ePasi. Inosanganisira maitiro akasiyana-siyana, anosanganisira kupwanyika kwemvura, kuumbwa kwemvura, kunaya kwemvura, kupinda mumvura, uye kuyerera kwemvura, zvichigadzira dandemutande rakabatana rinobatanidza mhepo, nyika, nemakungwa. Kunzwisisa kutenderera kwemvura kwakakosha pakutarisira zviwanikwa zvemvura, kuchengetedza nharaunda, uye kuderedza migumisiro yemabasa evanhu nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze.
Sezvatinotarisana nematambudziko ari kukura ane chekuita nekuwanikwa kwemvura uye mhando yayo, kunzwisisa kwakazara kwemitemo yekutenderera kwemvura kunowedzera kukosha. Nekudzidza kutenderera kwemvura nezvinhu zvayo, nyanzvi dzejogirafi, masayendisiti, nevanogadzira mitemo vanogona kugadzira nzira dzekuona kuti mvura inogadziriswa zvakanaka uye kuwana kuenzana kwakabatana pakati pemabasa evanhu nenzvimbo zvakasikwa. Ruzivo urwu rwakakosha ndiyo kiyi yekuchengetedza pfuma inokosha zvikuru yepasi redu kuzvizvarwa zvinotevera.
