Matekiniki eGeophysics muKutsvaga Marasha
Pendauluan
Kutsvaga marasha idanho rekutanga rakakosha muindasitiri yemigodhi. Simba riri mumarasha rave sosi huru yemagetsi kunyika dzakawanda, kunyanya dziri kusimukira. Kuti kuve nechokwadi chekuti kutsvaga marasha kunoshanda zvakanaka, matekinoroji akawanda emazuva ano anoshandiswa, rimwe rawo iinjiniya yezvepasi.
Matekiniki eGeophysical inzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzinoshandiswa nevanoongorora magadzirirwo epasi pevhu. Kuburikidza nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana, matekiniki aya anobvumira kuzivikanwa kwemativi emarasha nezvimwe zvinhu zvegeological pasina chikonzero chekuboora. Chinyorwa chino chichakurukura matekiniki akasiyana-siyana egeophysical anoshandiswa mukutsvaga marasha uye kuti anobatsira sei kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwekutsvaga uye kururama.
Uinjiniya hweMagineti
Nheyo Dzekutanga
Matekiniki eGeomagnetic anosanganisira kuyera kusiyana kwesimba remagineti rePasi. Rudzi rumwe nerumwe rwedombo riri mugomba rePasi rine hunhu hwakasiyana hwemagineti. Marasha, nekuda kwekugadzirwa kwawo kwakasiyana, anoratidza kusagadzikana kwemagineti kunogona kuyerwa nemidziyo yakakosha inonzi magnetometers.
Kushanda
Mukutsvaga marasha, data remagetsi rinogona kushandiswa kuona nzvimbo dzisina kujairika dzemagineti dzinoratidza kuti marasha anogona kuvapo. Nzira iyi inonyanya kubatsira munzvimbo dzine ivhu rakakora uko dzimwe nzira dzemagetsi dzingave dzisingashande. Data remagetsi rinogona kugadziriswa kugadzira mamepu asina kujairika emagetsi anoratidza maumbirwo epasi pevhu uye mapatani anopetwa anogona kunge aine marasha.
Uinjiniya hweKutemeswa Kwepasi
Nheyo Dzekutanga
Uinjiniya hweSeismic inzira ye geophysical inoshandisa mafungu anonamira, kana kuti mafungu e seismic, kugadzira mapu ezvivakwa zvepasi pevhu. Mafungu eSeismic anogadzirwa nekuputika kudiki kana kuti nekudengenyeka kunokonzerwa nerori inodedera, uye anobva adzoserwa kumashure nematombo ari pasi pevhu. Masensor anonzi geophones anoshandiswa kuona mafungu aya adzoserwa, ayo anobva agadziriswa kuita mifananidzo yepasi pevhu.
Kushanda
Maitiro ekugadzira matombo epasi pevhu ndeimwe yenzira dzinoshanda zvikuru mukutsvaga marasha nekuda kwekugona kwawo kupa mifananidzo yakadzama yezvivakwa zvepasi pevhu. Kazhinji, ongororo dzekugadzira matombo epasi pevhu dzinoitwa mumhando mbiri: ongororo dzekugadzira matombo epasi pevhu uye ongororo dzekugadzira matombo epasi pevhu. Ongororo dzekugadzira matombo epasi pevhu dzinoshandiswa kuratidza zvivakwa zvejeologi zvakadzika uye zvakadzama, nepo ongororo dzekugadzira matombo epasi pevhu dzinoshandiswa kudzidza zvivakwa zvepamusoro.
Vachishandisa data rekudengenyeka kwenyika, nyanzvi dzezve geology dzinogona kuona ukobvu hwemusono wemarasha, kudzika kwechikamu, uye kunyange kuona kusagadzikana kwechimiro senge mapete nemakanganiso anogona kukanganisa kuchera. Izvi zvinoita kuti kuronga migodhi kuve kwakarurama uye kwakanaka.
Uinjiniya hweMagineti (EM)
Nheyo Dzekutanga
Matekiniki eElectromagnetic (EM) anosanganisira kuyera mhinduro yesimba remagetsi pamusoro penyika inokonzerwa neminda yemagetsi yakagadzirwa. Rudzi rumwe nerumwe rwedombo kana chicherwa runokanganisa minda yemagetsi zvakasiyana, zvichigadzira mapatani anogona kuyerwa uye kuongororwa kuti pave nemamepu epasi pevhu.
Kushanda
Mukutsvaga marasha, matekiniki eEM anobatsira kuona mitsetse yemarasha ine resistivity kana conductivity inopesana nedombo rakatenderedza. Nzira dzeEM dzinonyanya kubatsira mukutsvaga maumbirwo egeological asina kudzika kusvika pakati nepakati. Mienzaniso yemashandisirwo inosanganisira Time-Domain Electromagnetic (TDEM) kana Frequency-Domain Electromagnetic (FDEM), iyo inopa ruzivo rwakanyanya rwezvimiro zvepasi pevhu.
Matekiniki eEM anobvumira kuziva kusagadzikana kwekufambisa mvura kunogona kusanganiswa nemaseam emarasha, kunyanya munzvimbo dzine maseam emarasha ari pedyo nepamusoro. Ruzivo urwu, kana rwukasanganiswa nedzimwe nzira dze geophysical, runopa ruzivo rwakakwana nezvemamiriro e geological uye mukana wekuchera marasha.
Radar Inopinda Pasi (GPR)
Nheyo Dzekutanga
Radar Inopinda Pasi (GPR) inzira inoshandisa mafungu eradar kuti ifananidze pasi pevhu. Sisitimu yeGPR inotumira mafungu eredhiyo ane frequency yepamusoro muvhu uye yozonyora kuratidzwa kwemafungu aya kubva muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana kana zvinhu zviri pasi pevhu.
Kushanda
Mukutsvaga marasha, GPR inogona kushandiswa kugadzira mitsetse yemarasha isina kudzika, kuona zvivakwa zvisina kurongeka, uye kuona zvinhu zvidiki zvisingawanzoonekwi nedzimwe nzira. Matekiniki eGPR anonyanya kubatsira munzvimbo dzine musiyano mukuru we dielectric pakati pemarasha nematombo akapoteredza.
Chinhu chikuru chinobatsira GPR kugona kwayo kupa data rine revo yepamusoro, iro rinobatsira zvikuru pakudzidza kwakadzama kwenzvimbo dzemuno. Kunyangwe kupinda kwayo mupasi kwakaderera pane nzira dzekudengenyeka kwenyika, GPR inopa ruzivo rwakakosha, kunyanya pakutanga kwekutsvaga.
Uinjiniya hweGravity
Nheyo Dzekutanga
Maitiro egiravhiti anoyera kusiyana kwesimba regiravhiti rePasi kunokonzerwa nekuchinja kwehuwandu hwematombo ari pasi pevhu. Marasha anowanzova nehuwandu hwakaderera pane matombo akaapoteredza, akadai sematombo e sedimentary kana igneous.
Kushanda
Ongororo dzesimba regiravhiti dzinogona kushandiswa kuona nzvimbo dzine kusarongeka kwesimba regiravhiti izvo zvinogona kuratidza kuvapo kwemarasha. Nzira iyi inobatsira zvikuru pakutsvaga munzvimbo dzakakura uye uko ivhu rakafukidzwa zvakanyanya kuti zvisakwanise kushandiswa nenzira dzisina kudzika dze geophysical dzakadai seGPR neEM.
Maitiro ekukwevera pasi anowanzo shandiswa senzira yekutanga munzvimbo itsva dzisina kuongororwa zvakadzama, nekuti dzinokwanisa kupa mufananidzo wakazara wekupararira kwekusarongeka kwehuwandu hwematombo.
Kubatanidzwa kweMatekiniki Akasiyana-siyana eGeophysical
Chimwe chezvakanakira zvikuru zvekutsvaga marasha emazuva ano kushandiswa kwenzira dzakasiyana-siyana, kana kubatanidzwa kwenzira dzakasiyana-siyana dze geophysical. Data kubva munzira dzakasiyana-siyana, dzakadai se seismic, electromagnetic, uye gravity, inogona kubatanidzwa kuti ibudise mufananidzo wakadzama uye wakarurama wechimiro chepasi pevhu. Semuenzaniso, data re seismic, iro rinopa ruzivo nezve chimiro chematombo, rinogona kubatanidzwa nedata re gravimetric kuti rione kusiyana kwe density, uye data re electromagnetic kuti rione layer resistivity.
Nekubatanidza data rakasiyana-siyana, kusava nechokwadi mukududzira kwejeologi kunogona kuderedzwa uye zvikanganiso zvinogona kuitika pakugadzira mapu enzvimbo yemigodhi yemarasha zvinogona kuderedzwa. Izvi zvinobvumira makambani emigodhi kuita sarudzo dzine ruzivo rwakawanda maererano nenzvimbo dzekuchera uye kuvandudzwa kwemigodhi.
Mhedziso
Matekiniki eGeophysical anoita basa guru mukutsvaga marasha kwemazuva ano. Nzira dzakadai segeomagnetic, seismic, electromagnetic, GPR, uye gravity zvinopa maturusi ane simba ekunzwisisa zvivakwa zvepasi pevhu pasina chikonzero chekuchera zvakanyanya. Nekubatanidza data kubva mumatekiniki aya akasiyana-siyana, kutsvaga marasha kunogona kuitwa nekushanda nesimba uye nekururama.
Sezvo tekinoroji ichifambira mberi, nzira dze geophysical dziri kuramba dzichigadziriswa kuti dzipe mhinduro dzakasimba uye dzakanyatsojeka. Basa rehunyanzvi hwe geophysical mukutsvaga marasha haringowedzeri kushanda zvakanaka kwekuwana marasha asiwo rinobatsira mukuronga zviri nani migodhi, kuderedza njodzi dzezvakatipoteredza, uye kuona kuti indasitiri yemigodhi ichagara kwenguva refu mune ramangwana.
