Kukosha kweCholesterol pakugadzirwa kweHormone
Cholesterol inowanzoonekwa se "muvengi" wehutano nekuti inowanzobatanidzwa nezvirwere zvemwoyo netsinga dzeropa. Zvisinei, cholesterol haisi chinhu chinokuvadza chinofanira kudziviswa. Mumuviri, cholesterol ine mabasa akakosha ehupenyu, rimwe rawo riri sezvinhu zvakakosha pakuumbwa kwemahormone akasiyana-siyana akakosha. Pasina cholesterol, muviri haugone kugadzira mahormone esteroid, ayo anoita basa guru mumetabolism, kubereka, kupindura kwekushushikana, uye kuenzana kwemvura uye electrolyte. Nokudaro, kunzwisisa basa recholesterol mukugadzirwa kwemahormone kunotibatsira kuva nemaonero akaenzana pamusoro pecholesterol nehutano.
Cholesterol: Haisi Mafuta "Akaipa" Chete
Cholesterol imorekuru yemafuta inogadzirwa nechiropa uye inowanikwawo kubva muzvikafu zvemhuka zvakaita semazai, nyama, nezvigadzirwa zvemukaka. Mumuviri, cholesterol hainyungudike mumvura saka inotakurwa nema lipoprotein, akadai se low-density lipoprotein (LDL) uye high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Izwi rekuti "cholesterol yakaipa" rinowanzo shandiswa kuLDL nekuti mazinga eLDL akakwira anobatanidzwa nenjodzi yakawedzera yekuungana kweplaque mutsinga dzeropa. Kusiyana neizvi, HDL inowanzo nzi "cholesterol yakanaka" nekuti inobatsira kutakura cholesterol kudzokera kuchiropa kuti igadziriswe.
Zvisinei, zvese LDL neHDL zvinongotakura zvinhu. Chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti muviri unoshandisa cholesterol sechikamu chemukati memasero, chinhu chinovaka bile acids pakugaya mafuta, uye chinhu chikuru chinotangira pakuumbwa kwemahormone esteroid. Mabasa aya anoratidza kuti cholesterol inokosha pakushanda zvakanaka kwemuviri.
Chii Chinonzi Steroid Hormone?
Mahormone imakemikari anogadzirwa nemasero emudumbu uye anoshanda kudzora maitiro akasiyana-siyana emuviri. Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzemahormone, asi anonyanya kubatana necholesterol mahormone esteroid. Anodaidzwa kuti "steroids" nekuti chimiro chawo chemakemikari chine ring yesteroid inobva mucholesterol.
Mahormone eSteroid anogadzirwa zvakanyanya mu:
1. Matumbu eAdrenal (adrenal glands) – anogadzira cortisol nealdosterone.
2. Magonadhi (matestes nemaovaries) – anogadzira mahormone epabonde akadai se testosterone, estrogen, uye progesterone.
3. Placenta (panguva yekuzvitakura) – inogadzira mahormone anotsigira kukura kwemwana ari mudumbu uye anoramba achibata pamuviri.
Sezvo mahormone ese e steroid achitangira kubva kucholesterol, kuwanikwa kwecholesterol musero idanho rekutanga rakakosha.
Maitiro ekugadzirwa kweHormone kubva kuCholesterol
Kugadzirwa kwemahormone eSteroid kunoitika mumasero, kunyanya mumitochondria uye smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Danho rekutanga uye rakakosha kushandurwa kwecholesterol kuita pregnenolone, inowanzonzi "amai" vemahormone esteroid. Maitiro aya anoitwa neenzyme yakasarudzika (inowanzozivikanwa secholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme). Kana pregnenolone yagadzirwa, muviri unogona kuishandura kuita mamwe mahormone akasiyana-siyana kuburikidza nenzira dzakasiyana dze enzyme, zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nenyama uye nzvimbo.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, cholesterol → pregnenolone → mahormone akasiyana-siyana esteroid. Kubva muzvinhu zvakafanana, muviri unogona kugadzira mahormone emabasa akasiyana-siyana. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti cholesterol iri pakati pehurongwa hwe endocrine.
Cholesterol neHormone Yekushushikana: Cortisol
Imwe yemahormone e steroid anozivikanwa zvikuru icortisol, iyo inogadzirwa neadrenal cortex. Cortisol inowanzonzi "stress hormone" nekuti huwandu hwayo hunowedzera kana muviri ukasangana nekushushikana kwemuviri kana kwepfungwa. Mabasa makuru e cortisol anosanganisira:
- Inodzora huwandu hweshuga muropa nekubatsira kupa simba.
- Inodzora kuzvimba uye kupindura kwemuviri kuzvirwere.
- Inobatsira muviri kuti ugone kugadzikana kana mamiriro ezvinhu ekukurumidza.
Kugadzirwa kwecortisol kwakaringana kwakakosha pahutano hwakanaka. Kushaikwa kwecortisol kunogona kukonzera kuneta, BP yakaderera, uye matambudziko ekugaya chikafu. Kusiyana neizvi, cortisol yakawandisa kwenguva refu inogona kukonzera kuwedzera uremu, kusagadzikana kwekurara, uye kudzikira kwetsandanyama. Nekuti cortisol inobva mucholesterol, kukanganiswa kwekuwanikwa kwecholesterol kana metabolism kunogona kukanganisa kugona kwemuviri kudzora iyi hormone yekushushikana.
Kuenzana kweCholesterol neFluid: Aldosterone
Pamusoro pe cortisol, adrenal glands inogadzirawo aldosterone, hormone inodzora sodium ne potassium balance uye inochengetedza BP. Aldosterone inoshanda paitsvo kuchengetedza sodium nemvura uye inoburitsa potassium. Kana huwandu hwe aldosterone hukakanganiswa, muviri unogona kusangana nematambudziko akadai se BP yakaderera, kupera mvura mumuviri, uye electrolyte imbalance.
Zvakare, nekuti aldosterone ihormone yesteroid, kuumbwa kwayo kunoenderana zvakanyanya necholesterol sechivako. Izvi zvinosimbisa kuti cholesterol haina chekuita nekubereka kana kushushikana chete asiwo inobatsira kuchengetedza kugadzikana kwemwoyo nekudzora mvura yemuviri.
Cholesterol uye Mahormone ebonde: Testosterone, Estrogen, Progesterone
Chimwe chinhu chakakosha ibasa recholesterol mukuumbwa kwemahormone epabonde. Muvarume, cholesterol inoshandurwa kuita testosterone, hormone inokanganisa kukura kwehunhu hwechipiri hwepabonde, kugadzirwa kwembeu, kukura kwetsandanyama, kuwanda kwemapfupa, uye chido chepabonde. Muvakadzi, cholesterol ndiyo chinhu chakakosha cheestrogen neprogesterone, izvo zvinoita basa rekudzora kutenderera kwemwedzi, ovulation, hutano hwemapfupa, mafungiro, uye kugadzirira kwemuviri kubata pamuviri.
Kusarongeka kwemahormone epabonde kunogona kukonzera zviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana, zvinosanganisira kusaenda kumwedzi, kudzikira kwechido chepabonde, kushaya mbereko, uye kuchinja-chinja kwemafungiro. Kunyange zvazvo zvinhu zvakawanda zvichikanganisa mahormone epabonde (kusanganisira zera, kushushikana, uye zvirwere), kuwanikwa kwecholesterol kuchiri chinhu chakakosha.
Kuderedza Cholesterol Kunokuvadza Mahormone Here?
Mubvunzo unowanzo bvunzwa ndewekuti: kana cholesterol ichikosha kumahormone, kuideredza kuchakanganisa kugadzirwa kwemahormone here? Mhinduro haisi hongu kana kwete. Muviri unokwanisa kugadzira cholesterol yawo, saka muzviitiko zvakawanda, kuderedza cholesterol kuburikidza nekudya zvine hutano kana mamwe marapirwo hazvikonzere kudzikira kwemahormone otomatiki. Zvisinei, zvinhu zvakanyanyisa—zvakadai sekusagadzikana kwemuviri, kushaya chikafu chakakwana, kana mamwe mamiriro ehutano—zvinogona kukanganisa nzira yekugadzira mahormone.
Mishonga inoderedza cholesterol yakaita se statins, semuenzaniso, inoshanda nekudzivisa kugadzirwa kwecholesterol muchiropa. Mune vamwe vanhu, izvi hazvikonzeri matambudziko makuru emahormone nekuti muviri une nzira dzekutsiva. Zvisinei, mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, vanhu vanogona kuona zviratidzo zvakaita sekushaya simba kana shanduko mukushanda kwepabonde, kunyangwe hukama hwechikonzero huchiri nyaya yekutsvagisa uye gakava rezvekurapa. Zviri pachena kuti, manejimendi echolesterol anofanira kufunga nezvemamiriro emunhu, njodzi yechirwere chemwoyo, uye kuongororwa kwakakodzera kwechiremba.
Maitiro Ekuchengetedza Cholesterol Yakaenzana
Nekuti cholesterol ine mabasa akakosha, asi huwandu hwakawanda hunogona kuwedzera njodzi yekurwara, nzira yakanakisa ndeyekuchengetedza chiyero. Mamwe matanho anowanzo kurudzirwa anosanganisira:
1. Kudya kwakaringana: Wedzera fiber kubva mumiriwo, michero, nzungu, nezviyo; deredza mafuta akawandisa etrans uye mafuta akazara.
2. Kurovedza muviri nguva dzose: kurovedza muviri kunobatsira kuwedzera HDL uye kuderedza LDL.
3. Chengetedza huremu hwakanaka hwemuviri: mafuta akawandisa mumuviri anogona kukanganisa mapuroteni emafuta uye kusanzwa kwemahormone.
4. Kudzora kushushikana: kushushikana kwenguva refu kunogona kukanganisa kurongeka kwemahormone, kusanganisira cortisol.
5. Kuongororwa kwehutano nguva dzose: kunyanya kune avo vane nhoroondo yemhuri yechirwere chemwoyo kana matambudziko ekugaya chikafu.
Nenzira iyi, muviri unoramba uine cholesterol yakakwana yekushanda kwakakosha senge kugadzirwa kwemahormone, pasina kuwedzera njodzi yemwoyo zvakanyanya.
Mhedziso
Cholesterol haisi chinhu chinofanira "kutyiwa" chete, asi imorekuru inokosha muhupenyu. Basa rayo sechinhu chakakosha pakugadzirwa kwemahormone e steroid - anosanganisira cortisol, aldosterone, testosterone, estrogen, uye progesterone - zvinoreva kuti cholesterol inotsigira mashandiro emetabolism, mhinduro yekushushikana, kuenzana kwemvura, uye hutano hwekubereka. Dambudziko guru harisi kubvisa cholesterol zvachose, asi kuchengetedza mwero wakaenzana. Nekunzwisisa kwakakodzera uye mararamiro ane hutano, cholesterol inogona kuonekwa sechikamu chakakosha chemuviri, ichishanda kuchengetedza hutano hwese.
Kana muchida, ndinogona kugadzirisa chinyorwa chino kuita shanduro inozivikanwa nevadzidzi, shanduro yesainzi ine mareferensi emagazini, kana kuwedzera zvikamu zvemahomoni ekugadzira zvinhu (semuenzaniso, nzira kubva papregnenolone kuenda ku androgens/estrogens uye corticosteroids).
