Kukosha kweLipase Enzymes paKudya Kwemafuta
Mafuta anowanzo kanganiswa nekuti ane chekuita nekuwedzera uremu uye zvimwe zvirwere. Zvisinei, mafuta chinhu chakakosha mumuviri. Mafuta anoshanda senzvimbo yekutsigira simba, chikamu chemasero, anodzivirira nhengo, uye anobatsira mukunwa mavhitamini anonyunguduka mafuta akadai sevhitamini A, D, E, naK. Zvisinei, mabhenefiti aya anogona kuwanikwa chete kana mafuta akagayiwa zvakanaka uye akanyungudutswa. Apa ndipo panonyanya kukosha basa re enzyme lipase. Lipase ndiyo kiyi inobatsira muviri kuputsa mafuta kuita mafomu ari nyore kuitira kuti akwanise kunyungudutswa neura uye kushandiswa nemuviri.
Chii chinonzi lipase enzyme?
MaEnzymes mapuroteni akakosha anokurumidza kuita makemikari mumuviri. Lipase ienzyme ine basa guru rekuputsa triglycerides—rudzi rwemafuta rwakawanda runowanikwa muchikafu uye runochengetwa munyama dzemuviri. MaTriglycerides ane molecule imwe chete yeglycerol uye matatu fatty acids. Maumbirwo aya akakura zvekuti haakwanise kunyudzwa zvakananga nemadziro emudumbu, saka anofanira kutanga apwanywa. Lipase inocheka matriglyceride bonds uye inoashandura kuita free fatty acids uye monoglycerides (kana glycerol uye fatty acids), ayo madiki uye akagadzirira kugadziriswa zvakare.
Lipases dzinowanikwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana mumuviri, kunyanya mudumbu. Lipases dzinoshanda mumuromo, mudumbu, uye zvakanyanya muura hudiki kuburikidza nepancreatic lipase. Imwe neimwe inobatsira, asi pancreatic lipase inoonekwa seimwe yenzira huru mukugaya mafuta.
Maitiro ekugaya mafuta uye basa re lipase
Kugaya mafuta hakusi nyore sekugaya makabhohaidhiretsi. Mafuta haanyungudike mumvura, asi mvura yekugaya inowanzova yemvura. Nokudaro, muviri unoda nzira yakakosha yekuti mafuta "asanganiswe" uye aputswe.
1. Danho rekutanga mumuromo nemudumbu
Kugayiwa kwemafuta kunotanga pakarepo chikafu chichipinda mumuromo, kunyange hazvo basa racho riri diki. Mushure mezvo, mudumbu, gastric lipase inotanga kuputsa mamwe ma triglycerides. Zvisinei, nekuda kwekuti dumbu rine acid yakawanda uye mafuta anowanzo sunga, maitiro aya haana kunaka.
2. Kusanganiswa kwenyongo ne bile
Kana chikafu chine mafuta chikapinda muura hudiki, chiropa chinoburitsa bile, iro rinochengetwa munduru. Bile harisi enzyme, asi mvura ine munyu webile inosanganisa mafuta. Kubatanidza mafuta kunosanganisira kuputsa ma globules makuru kuita madonhwe madiki, zvichiwedzera nzvimbo yemafuta. Nzvimbo yemafuta yakakura, lipase inoshanda zvakanyanya. Pasina bile, lipase yaizoomerwa kusvika kumafuta, uye kugaya kwaisazoshanda zvakanaka.
3. Basa guru repancreatic lipase
Pancreatic lipase inoburitsa pancreatic lipase muura hudiki (duodenum). Iyi enzyme inoshanda zvakanaka munzvimbo isina kusimba, ichibatsirwa ne bicarbonate kubva mupancreatic, iyo inobvisa acid yemudumbu. Pancreatic lipase inoputsa triglycerides dzakasanganiswa kuita free fatty acids uye monoglycerides.
4. Kuumbwa uye kunyudzwa kwemasero emuviri
Kuputsika kwemafuta nemunyu we bile kunoumba zvivako zvidiki zvinonzi micelles. Micelles inobatsira kutakura mafuta acids nemamonoglycerides pedyo nepamusoro pemadziro emudumbu kuti anyudzwe. Mukati memasero emudumbu, zvikamu izvi zvemafuta zvinounganidzwazve kuita triglycerides uye zvinoiswa muzvidimbu zvinonzi chylomicrons kuti zvigoverwe kuburikidza ne lymphatic system neropa.
Kubva mumatanho aya ekuita zvinhu zvinogona kuonekwa kuti lipase chinhu chakakosha: pasina lipase, mafuta haagayiwe zvakakwana, micelles hadzigadzike zvakanaka, uye mafuta anokanganiswa nekunwa.
Sei lipase ichikosha kumuviri?
Basa re lipase harisi re "kugaya chikafu chine mafuta" chete, asi rinewo simba pahutano hwakasiyana-siyana.
1. Inotsigira kunyudzwa kwevhitamini A, D, E, uye K
Mavhitamini anonyungudika mumafuta anoda kugaya mafuta zvakanaka kuti anyure. Kushaikwa kwe lipase kunoderedza kunyudzwa kwevhitamini iyi. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera matambudziko ekuona (vhitamini A), matambudziko emapfupa (vhitamini D), matambudziko ekudzivirira muviri uye eganda (vhitamini E), uye matambudziko ekugwamba kweropa (vhitamini K).
2. Manyuko esimba uye kuenzana kwemetabolism
Mafuta anopa simba rakawanda. Kana kugaya mafuta kukakanganiswa, muviri unogona kunetseka kuzadzisa zvinodiwa nesimba, kunyanya mune mamwe mamiriro akadai sevana vari kukura, vanhu vanoda macalorie akawanda, kana varwere vari kupora.
3. Kuchengetedza masero nemahormone ane hutano
Mamwe mafuta acids, kunyanya mafuta acids anokosha, anodiwa kuti agadzire membrane yemasero uye atsigire kugadzirwa kwemahormone. Kana pasina mafuta anodiwa zvakakwana, mashandiro emasero uye kuenzana kwemahormone zvinogona kukanganiswa.
Chii chinoitika kana muviri usina lipase?
Kushaikwa kwemafuta emuviri (lipase) kunogona kuitika kana pancreas ikasagadzira enzyme yakakwana kana kuti nzira yekugaya chikafu ikakanganiswa. Dambudziko iri rinowanzobatanidzwa nekusakwana kweropa repancreas, zvakaita sechirwere chepancreas chisingaperi, cystic fibrosis, kana zvimwe zvirwere zvinokanganisa pancreas.
Zviratidzo zvinowanzoonekwa zvinosanganisira:
– Steatorrhea (tsvina ine mafuta, inoyangarara, inonhuwirira zvakanyanya) inokonzerwa nemafuta asina kumedzwa uye inoburitswa pamwe chete netsvina
- Kuzvimba, kusvotwa nguva nenguva, kurwadziwa mudumbu
– Manyoka kana kugara uchitsvedza
- Kuderedza huremu kunyangwe paine chido chekudya chakakwana
- Kushomeka kwemavhitamini anonyungudika mumafuta kunogona kukonzera zvimwe zvichemo
Kana chirwere ichi chikaramba chiripo kwenguva yakareba, chinogona kuderedza hupenyu hwemunhu uye kuwedzera njodzi yekushaya chikafu chakakwana. Saka, matambudziko ekugaya mafuta haafanirwe kutorwa seasina basa.
Zvinhu zvinokanganisa basa re lipase
Kubudirira kwe lipase kunokonzerwa nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana:
– Hutano hwepancreas: Pancreas ndiyo inonyanya kukonzera lipase. Kuzvimba kana kukuvara kwepancreas kunogona kuderedza kugadzirwa kwayo.
– Kuwanikwa kwenyongo: Nyongo inokosha pakugadzira emulsification. Zvirwere zvechiropa kana zvenyongo (zvakadai sematombo enyongo) zvinogona kudzivirira izvi.
– pH yemudumbu: Pancreatic lipase inoshanda zvakanaka pa pH yakakodzera. Kana nzvimbo yemudumbu ine acid yakawanda, mashandiro ema enzyme anoderera.
– Kudya uye mararamiro: Kunwa doro zvakanyanya, kuputa fodya, uye kudya zvisina mwero zvinogona kukanganisa hutano hwepancreas uye nzira yekugaya chikafu.
Chengetedza kugaya mafuta kwakakodzera
Kuti lipase ishande zvakanaka uye kuti mafuta agayiwe zvakanaka, matanho mashoma anogona kutorwa:
1. Idya mafuta ane hutano muzvikamu zvakaenzana: sarudza mafuta kubva kuhove, nzungu, avocado, nemafuta emuorivhi.
2. Wedzera faibha nemvura: inotsigira hutano hwemudumbu uye inobatsira kugaya chikafu.
3. Deredza doro nekusvuta: zvese zvinogona kukuvadza pancreas kwenguva refu.
4. Nyatsoteerera zviratidzo zvezvirwere zvekugaya: kana paine zviratidzo zvakaita setsvina ine mafuta kana manyoka asingaperi, unofanira kubvunza nyanzvi yehutano.
5. Kurapa nema enzyme kana zvichidikanwa: mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, vanachiremba vanogona kunyora mushonga wekutsiva ma enzyme epancreas kuti vabatsire kugaya.
Mhedziso
Enzayimu inonzi lipase inoita basa guru mukugaya mafuta. Nekupatsanura triglycerides kuita mafuta acids uye monoglycerides, lipase inoita kuti mafuta anyudzwe nemuviri uye ashandiswe pakuita simba, kuumbwa kwemasero, uye kunyudzwa kwemavhitamini anonyunguduka nemafuta. Pasina lipase yakakwana, mafuta achave akaoma kugaya, zvichikonzera matambudziko akadai sesteatorrhea, kushomeka kwemavhitamini, uye kudzikira kwehuremu. Nokudaro, kuchengetedza hutano hwenhengo dzekugaya - kunyanya pancreas, chiropa, uye gallbladder - uye kuchengetedza kudya kwakaringana matanho akakosha ekuona kuti lipase inoshanda zvakanaka uye muviri unowana mabhenefiti akanyanya kubva mumafuta anodyiwa.
