Mashandiro anoita Mahormone eThyroid muMetabolism
Mahormone ethyroid anozivikanwa seanodzora mashandiro akasiyana-siyana mumuviri wemunhu. Mahormone aya anoita basa rakakosha mukudzora mashandiro emuviri, maitiro anoita kuti muviri wako uwane simba raunoda kuti uite mabasa ezuva nezuva. Kunzwisisa mashandiro anoita mahormone ethyroid mukushandiswa kwemuviri kunogona kupa ruzivo rwakadzama pamusoro pekuomarara kwemuviri uye mashandiro emabasa awo emuviri.
Nhanganyaya kuMahormone eThyroid
Gland iri rine chimiro chakaita seshavishavi riri mumutsipa, pasi peapuro raAdam. Rinoburitsa mahormone maviri makuru: thyroxine (T4) netriiodothyronine (T3). Mahormone ese ari maviri ane iodine, iyo inokosha pakugadzirwa uye kushanda kwemahormone ethyroid. Ruzhinji rwehormone inoburitswa nethyroid iT4, iyo inozoshandurwa kuita T3 munyama dzemuviri, sezvo T3 iriyo inonyanya kushanda uye inoita basa guru mukuita kwemuviri.
Maitiro Ekushanda kweHormone yeGyroid
Kudzora Kugadzirwa kweHormone yeGyroid
Kugadzirwa kwehomoni yethyroid kunodzorwa ne hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis. Hypothalamus inoburitsa Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH), iyo inosimudzira pituitary gland kuti igadzire Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH). TSH inozokurudzira thyroid gland kuti igadzire uye ibudise T4 neT3. Nzira isina kunaka inoita kuti mahormone arambe ari mukati memazinga akakodzera.
Basa reMahormone eGyroid muZvisikwa
Mahormone ethyroid anokanganisa anenge sero rega rega mumuviri wako. Anopinda mumasero uye anosunga kune ma receptors ari mu nucleus yesero, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa kugadzirwa kwemajini. Izvi zvinogona kukanganisa mashandiro emajini, kubva pakugadzirwa kwemapuroteni nekushandiswa kwesimba kusvika pakuumbwa kwemasero uye kupatsanurwa kwawo.
Kuchinja kweBasal Metabolism
Rimwe remabasa makuru ehormone yethyroid nderekuwedzera chiyero chebasal metabolic rate (BMR). BMR isimba rinodiwa nemuviri pakuzorora kuti uite mabasa ekutanga akadai sekufema, kutenderera kweropa, uye kuchengetedza masero emuviri. Nekuwedzera BMR, hormone yethyroid inobatsira muviri kupisa macalorie zvinobudirira, kunyangwe usingashande muviri.
Thermogenesis
Pamusoro pekuwedzera BMR, mahormone ethyroid anoitawo basa mukugadzirwa kwemafuta mumuviri. Anowedzera mashandiro ema enzymes anobatanidzwa mukuoxidation kwechikafu kuti chigadzire kupisa. Izvi zvakakosha pakuchengetedza tembiricha yemuviri yakagadzikana, kunyanya munzvimbo dzinotonhora.
Kugayiwa kweMakabhohaidhiretsi neMafuta
Mahormone ethyroid ane simba guru pakushanda kwemuviri nemakabhohaidhiretsi nemafuta. Mahormone ethyroid akakodzera anobatsira kuwedzera kutorwa kweglucose nemasero uye kukurumidzisa glycolysis negluconeogenesis—maitiro maviri akakosha mukushandiswa kwemakabhohaidhiretsi. Mukushandiswa kwemafuta, mahormone ethyroid anokurudzira lipolysis, kuputsika kwemafuta kuita mafree fatty acids anogona kushandiswa senzvimbo yesimba.
Kugaya Mapuroteni
Panyaya yekushandiswa kwemapuroteni mumuviri, mahormone ethyroid ane simba rekuita kuti muviri ushande zvakanaka uye kuti muviri ushande zvakanaka. Mahormone ethyroid akaenzana anotsigira kugadzirwa kwemapuroteni—zvichibatsira kukura nekugadzirwa kwenyama. Zvisinei, mahormone ethyroid akawandisa anogona kukonzera kuora kwemapuroteni, zvichikonzera kurasikirwa netsandanyama uye kushaya simba.
Mamiriro Ekurapa Ane Chekuita Nemahormone Ethyroid uye Metabolism
Hyperthyroidism
Hyperthyroidism chirwere umo thyroid gland inoburitsa huwandu hwakawanda hwehormone yethyroid. Chirwere ichi chinogona kukurumidzisa metabolism uye kukonzera zviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana zvakaita sekurasikirwa nehuremu, kurova kwemoyo nekukurumidza, kusagadzikana, uye kudikitira zvakanyanya. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, hyperthyroidism inogona kukonzera kukuvara kwetsandanyama nedzimwe nhengo dzemuviri nekuda kwemetabolism inokurumidza.
Hypothyroidism
Kusiyana neizvi, hypothyroidism chirwere apo thyroid gland haigadzi mahormone ethyroid akakwana. Izvi zvinononotsa mashandiro emuviri, zvichikonzera zviratidzo zvakaita sekufuta, kuneta, kurova kwemoyo kunonoka, uye kusashivirira dzihwa. Hypothyroidism inogonawo kukonzera cholesterol kuungana muropa, izvo zvinowedzera njodzi yezvirwere zvemwoyo.
Mhedzisiro Yekudya Kunovaka Muviri Pabasa reGyroid
Kudya iodine kwakakosha pakugadzirwa kwemahormone ethyroid. Kushaikwa kweiodine kunogona kukonzera kukura kwegland re thyroid (goiter) uye hypothyroidism. Kusiyana neizvi, kudya iodine yakawandisa kunogonawo kukonzera matambudziko ethyroid. Saka, kudya iodine yakaringana kwakakosha kuti thyroid irambe ichishanda zvakanaka.
Kunze kweayodini, zvimwe zvinovaka muviri zvakaita seselenium, iron, uye zinc zvakakoshawo pakushanda kwethyroid. Selenium inodiwa pakushandura T4 kuita T3, iron inobatanidzwa mukugadzirwa kweT4, uye zinc inobatsira kudzora mashandiro emareceptor ethyroid mumasero.
Migumisiro yeMahormone eGyroid paMamwe Masisitimu Emuviri
Sisitimu yeMwoyo
Mahormone ethyroid ane simba guru pakushanda kwemwoyo. Anokanganisa kurova kwemoyo uye simba rekurova kwemoyo. Mahormone ethyroid akawandisa anogona kukonzera tachycardia (kurova kwemoyo nekukurumidza), nepo mazinga akaderera anogona kukonzera bradycardia (kurova kwemoyo kunononoka).
Sisitimu Yetsinga
Mahormone ethyroid akakoshawo pakukura nekushanda kwetsinga dzemuviri. Muvacheche nevana, mahormone aya akakosha pakukura kweuropi. Kushomeka kwemahormone ethyroid panguva yekukura kunogona kukonzera kunonoka kukuru kwepfungwa nemuviri. Muvanhu vakuru, mahormone ethyroid anobatsira kuchengetedza pfungwa, manzwiro, uye kushanda kwenjere.
Sisitimu yekugaya chikafu
Mudumbu, mahormone ethyroid anobatsira kudzora kufamba kwemudumbu. Kuderera kwehomoni yethyroid kunogona kukonzera kuvimbiwa, nepo kuwanda kwayo kuchigona kukonzera manyoka.
Sisitimu Yekubereka
Mahormone ethyroid anokanganisawo nzira dzekubereka. Kusashanda zvakanaka kwethyroid kunogona kukonzera kusashanda zvakanaka kwemwedzi kuvakadzi uye kukanganisa kubereka. Kuvarume, mahormone aya anogonawo kukanganisa kugadzirwa kwembeu uye mashandiro ebonde.
Mhedziso
Mahormone ethyroid anoita basa rakakosha mukudzora zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvemagayiro emuviri, zvinosanganisira basal metabolism, thermogenesis, uye metabolism yemacarbohydrates, mafuta, nemapuroteni. Anokanganisawo mamwe masisitimu emuviri akasiyana-siyana, kubva kuhurongwa hwemwoyo kusvika kuhurongwa hwetsinga. Nokudaro, kuchengetedza thyroid hormone yakaringana kwakakosha pahutano hwese. Kunzwisisa mashandiro anoita thyroid hormones kunogona kutibatsira kunzwisisa zviri nani kukosha kwekuchengetedza hutano hwethyroid kuburikidza nekudya kwakakodzera uye kugadzirisa kushushikana kwakanaka.
Nekurarama hupenyu hune hutano uye kugara tichiongororwa hutano, tinogona kuva nechokwadi chekuti thyroid gland iri kushanda zvakanaka, kuitira kuti muviri urambe uine hutano hwakanaka uye uine simba rakakwana rekuita mabasa ezuva nezuva.
