Dhiagiramu Yokuparadzira: Tsanangudzo, Basa, uye Mashandisirwo
Kunzwisisa Madhayagiramu Ekupararira
Chidimbu che "scatterplot", chinozivikanwawo se "scatter diagram" kana kuti "scatter plot", imhando yegirafu inoshandiswa mukuongorora nhamba nedata kuti ipfupise uye ione hukama huripo pakati pe "continuous variables" mbiri. Chinoratidza ma "data points" pa "Cartesian plane", apo "x-" ne "y-axes" imwe neimwe inomiririra "variable" imwe chete. Poindi imwe neimwe pagirafu inomiririra "values" mbiri dzakaonekwa. Kazhinji, "scatterplots" dzinotibatsira kunzwisisa mapatani, mafambiro, uye hukama hunogona kuitika pakati pe "variables" mbiri idzi.
Basa reDiagramu yeKuparadzira
Mapuratifomu ekuparadzira ane mabasa akasiyana-siyana mukuongorora data, mamwe acho ndeanoti:
1. Kuziva Hukama: Mapuratifomu anobatsira kuona kana paine hukama kana hukama pakati pezvinhu zviviri. Semuenzaniso, kuona kana paine hukama pakati pehurefu nehuremu hwemunhu.
2. Kuziva Zvinhu Zvisina Kunaka: Nekuronga data, zvinhu zvisinganakidze, kana data rakasiyana zvakanyanya nezvimwe, zvinogona kuonekwa zviri nyore. Zvinhu zvisinganakidze zvinogona kukonzerwa nekukanganisa kwekuyera kana zvimwe zviitiko zvisingaverengeki.
3. Kuona Data: Ma "scatterplots" anobvumira kuona zvakadzama, izvo zvisingawanzoonekwa kubva patafura iri nyore yedata. Anopa maonero akajeka pamusoro pekusimba kwehukama huripo pakati pezvimiro uye chimiro chehukama ihwohwo, kungave kwakarongeka, kwakasimba, kana kusina kurongeka.
4. Kuona Mapatani neMafambiro: Nekuronga data pane scatterplot, mapatani nemafambiro ari mudata anogona kuzivikanwa. Semuenzaniso, zvinogona kuonekwa kana shanduko inotevera imwe pateni inowedzera kana kudzikira.
Kubatana muScatter Diagram
Mukuongorora scatterplot, zvakakosha kunzwisisa pfungwa yehukama, iyo inoyera simba rehukama huripo pakati pezvinhu zviviri. Hukama hunogona kuva hwakanaka, husina kunaka, kana kuti zero:
1. Kubatana Kwakanaka: Kunoitika kana kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwechinhu chimwe chete kuchiteverwa nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwechimwe chinhu. Mudhayagiramu, mapoinzi edata achaumba mutsetse kana curve inokwira kubva pasi kuruboshwe kuenda kumusoro kurudyi.
2. Kubatana Kusina Kunaka: Kunoitika kana kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwechinhu chimwe chete kuchiteverwa nekudzikira kwehuwandu hwechimwe chinhu. Mudhayagiramu, mapoinzi edata anoumba mutsetse kana curve inodzika kubva kumusoro kuruboshwe kuenda pasi kurudyi.
3. Kusawirirana kweZero: Kunoitika kana pasina hukama hwakajeka pakati pezvinhu zviviri. Mapoinzi edata achapararira zvisina tsarukano pasina patani yakajeka.
Maitiro Ekugadzira Chati Yekupararira
Kuti ugadzire gwaro rekuparadzira, tevera matanho aya:
1. Kuunganidza Data: Gadzira seti mbiri dzedata, imwe neimwe ichimiririra variables x na y.
2. Sarudza Chikero neMaseko: Sarudza chikero che x-axis ne y-axis zvichibva pane kukosha kwezviyero zviviri.
3. Ruzivo rwePlot: Ronga mapeya ezviyero zvezviyero zviviri semapoinzi pagirafu.
4. Kuongorora: Tarisa nyaya yacho kuti uone chero mapatani kana mafambiro angaita uye kuverenga hukama hwacho kuti unyatsoongorora.
Muenzaniso weDiagramu yeKuparadzira
Ngatitii tine ruzivo rwehurefu (mu cm) uye huremu (mu kg) hwevanhu gumi:
| Kureba (cm) | Kurema kwemuviri (kg) |
|——————-|——————|
| 160 | 55 |
| 165 | 60 |
| 170 | 65 |
| 175 | 70 |
| 180 | 75 |
| 185 | 80 |
| 190 | 85 |
| 195 | 90 |
| 200 | 95 |
| 205 | 100 |
Nekuronga data iri padhayagiramu yekupararira, tichaona kuti pane hukama hwakanaka pakati pehurefu nehuremu.
Kushandiswa Kwemifananidzo yeScatter muNyika Chaiyo
Madhayagiramu eScatterplot anoshandiswa muminda yakasiyana-siyana nemaindasitiri pakuongorora data zvakadzama. Mimwe mienzaniso chaiyo inosanganisira:
1. Hutano: Kuona hukama huripo pakati pezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvehutano zvakaita sekudya uye BP, kana nguva yekurara uye huwandu hwekushanda kwezuva nezuva.
2. Zvehupfumi: Kuongorora mari inodyarwa uye purofiti, tichitarisa hukama huripo pakati pezvinhu zvakaita semubereko uye mitengo yekukwira kwemitengo.
3. Dzidzo: Kuedza hukama huripo pakati penguva yekudzidza nemapoinzi ebvunzo dzevadzidzi kuti tinzwisise zvinhu zvinopesvedzera kubudirira kwedzidzo.
4. Bhizinesi: Mukushambadzira, kuyera kushanda kwekushambadzira nekuronga mari inoshandiswa pakushambadzira zvichienderana nekuwedzera kwekutengesa.
Miganhu yeScatter Diagrams
Pasinei nezvakanakira zvakawanda, ma scatterplots ane zvimwe zvaasingakwanisi kuita:
1. Haatsananguri Chikonzero: Kubatana kunoonekwa muchikamu chemashoko hakurevi hukama hwechikonzero nemhedzisiro. Kubatana kunongoratidza chete kuti pane hukama, asi hakutsananguri chikonzero kana gwara rehukama ihwohwo.
2. Zvakaoma paData Rakakura Zvikuru: Kana paine data rakakura, ma scatterplots anogona kuoma zvekuti anonetsa kududzira.
3. Mavariable maviri chete: Chinyorwa chinopararira chinogona kuratidza hukama huripo pakati pemavariable maviri chete. Kune hukama hunosanganisira mavariable anopfuura maviri, matekiniki ekuongorora akawanda anodiwa.
Mhedziso
MaScatterplots chishandiso chine simba muhuwandu nekuongorora data pakuona nekuongorora hukama huripo pakati pezvinhu zviviri. Nekubatsira kuona hukama, mafambiro, uye zvinhu zvisingawanzoitiki, zvinoita kuti pave nekunzwisisa kwakadzama kwedata. Kunyange zvazvo aine zvimwe zvipingamupinyi, kushandiswa kwakakodzera kwemaScatterplots kunogona kupa ruzivo rwakakosha runotsigira kuita sarudzo dziri nani muminda yakasiyana-siyana. Kunzwisisa maitiro ekugadzira nekuongorora maScatterplots hunyanzvi hwakakosha kune chero munhu anoshanda nedata.
