Muenzaniso weMibvunzo yeKukurukurirana yeTransformer
Pendauluan
Transformer chinhu chakakosha muhurongwa hwemagetsi, chinoshandiswa kushandura huwandu hwemagetsi. Mudziyo uyu unokosha pakutumira nekugovera simba remagetsi, zvichiita kuti rifambe zvakanaka kubva kumagwenya emagetsi kuenda kune vatengi. Muchinyorwa chino, tichakurukura mienzaniso yakati wandei yematambudziko etransformer, izvo zvinotarisirwa kuti zvichabatsira vadzidzi kunzwisisa pfungwa huru uye mashandisirwo anoitwa matransformer.
Nheyo yekushanda kweTransformer
Muchidimbu, transformer ine ma coil maviri ewaya yemagetsi, anonzi ma primary ne secondary windings, akatenderedza simbi inoumba magnetic field. Ma primary winding anogamuchira input voltage, nepo secondary winding ichiburitsa output voltage. Kana alternating current ichipfuura ne primary winding, magnetic field inogadzirwa yakatenderedza coil, zvichikonzera induced current mu secondary winding. Chiyero chehuwandu hwekutenderera pakati pe primary ne secondary windings chinosarudza voltage change ratio.
Fomura huru inoshandiswa mu transformers ndeiyi:
\[ \frac{V_p}{V_s} = \frac{N_p}{N_s} \]
apo \( V_p \) iri voltage iri pa coil yekutanga, \( V_s \) iri voltage iri pa coil yechipiri, \( N_p \) iri nhamba yekutenderera pa coil yekutanga, uye \( N_s \) iri nhamba yekutenderera pa coil yechipiri.
Muenzaniso Mubvunzo 1
Mubvunzo:
Transformer ine matendererero mazana mashanu pakutenderedza kwekutanga uye matendererero zana pakutenderedza kwechipiri. Kana voltage yekupinda (yekutanga) iri 220V, verenga voltage inobuda (yechipiri) yetransformer.
Kukurukurirana:
Kushandisa fomura yekutanga ye transformer:
\[ \frac{V_p}{V_s} = \frac{N_p}{N_s} \]
Tinotsiva tsika dzinozivikanwa:
\[ \frac{220}{V_s} = \frac{500}{100} \]
Kurerutsa kuenzanisa kwenhamba yematenderedzwa:
\[ \frac{220}{V_s} = 5 \]
Kuti tiwane \(V_s\), tinosanganisa kuwanda:
\[ V_s = \frac{220}{5} \]
\[ V_s = 44V \]
Saka, voltage inobuda (yechipiri) ye transformer i44V.
Muenzaniso Mubvunzo 2
Mubvunzo:
Transformer inokwira nedanho ine chiyero che "primary" kubva kune "secondary winding" che1:4. Kana "input voltage" iri 110V, "output voltage" inorevei pa "secondary winding"?
Kukurukurirana:
Kushandisa fomura yekutanga ye transformer:
\[ \frac{V_p}{V_s} = \frac{N_p}{N_s} \]
Zvinozivikanwa kuti chiyero chematanho ekutanga neapachipiri i1:4, zvinoreva kuti:
\[ \frac{N_p}{N_s} = \frac{1}{4} \]
Na \( V_p = 110V \):
\[ \frac{110}{V_s} = \frac{1}{4} \]
Kuti tiwane \(V_s\), tinosanganisa kuwanda:
\[ V_s = 110 \kawa 4 \]
\[ V_s = 440V \]
Saka, voltage inobuda pa secondary winding ndeye 440V.
Muenzaniso Mubvunzo 3
Mubvunzo:
Transformer inodzika pasi inoshandiswa kuderedza voltage kubva pa240V kusvika pa24V. Kana paine maturns mazana matanhatu pa primary coil, maturns mangani ari pasecondary coil?
Kukurukurirana:
Kushandisa fomura yekutanga ye transformer:
\[ \frac{V_p}{V_s} = \frac{N_p}{N_s} \]
Zvapiwa \( V_p = 240V \), \( V_s = 24V \), uye \( N_p = 600 \) matenderero:
\[ \frac{240}{24} = \frac{600}{N_s} \]
Kurerutsa kuenzanisa kwemagetsi:
\[ 10 = \frac{600}{N_s} \]
Kuti tiwane \(N_s\), tinosanganisa kuwanda:
\[ N_s = \frac{600}{10} \]
\[ N_s = 60 \]
Saka, huwandu hwekutenderera pa secondary winding i60 turns.
Muenzaniso Mubvunzo 4
Mubvunzo:
Transformer ine voltage yekupinda (yekutanga) ye100V uye voltage yekupinda (yechipiri) ye400V. Kana magetsi ari mu secondary winding ari 2A, magetsi ari mu primary winding chii?
Kukurukurirana:
Tinogona kushandisa musimboti wekuchengetedza simba mutransformer yakakodzera, uko simba rekupinda rakaenzana nesimba rekubuda:
\[ P_p = P_s \]
\[ V_p \times I_p = V_s \times I_s \]
Ne \( V_p = 100V \), \( V_s = 400V \), uye \( I_s = 2A \):
\[ 100 \nguva I_p = 400 \nguva 2 \]
\[ 100 \kawa I_p = 800 \]
Kuti tiwane \(I_p\), tinogovanisa:
\[ I_p = \frac{800}{100} \]
\[ I_p = 8A \]
Saka, simba remagetsi riri mu "primary winding" i8A.
Muenzaniso Mubvunzo 5
Mubvunzo:
Transformer inokwira nedanho repamusoro inowedzera voltage kubva pa120V paprimary winding kusvika pa480V pasecondary winding. Kana huwandu hwematurns paprimary winding huri mazana matatu, maturns mangani pasecondary winding aripo?
Kukurukurirana:
Kushandisa fomura yekutanga ye transformer:
\[ \frac{V_p}{V_s} = \frac{N_p}{N_s} \]
Zvapiwa \( V_p = 120V \), \( V_s = 480V \), uye \( N_p = 300 \) matenderero:
\[ \frac{120}{480} = \frac{300}{N_s} \]
Kurerutsa kuenzanisa kwemagetsi:
\[ \frac{1}{4} = \frac{300}{N_s} \]
Kuti tiwane \(N_s\), tinosanganisa kuwanda:
\[ N_s = 300 \kawanza 4 \]
\[ N_s = 1200 \]
Saka, huwandu hwekutenderera pa secondary winding i1200 turns.
Penutup
Matransformer zvishandiso zvakakosha mumasisitimu emagetsi, zvinoshandura mazinga emagetsi kuti zvifambiswe zvakanaka uye zvigoverwe. Nekunzwisisa mienzaniso yakurukurwa, tinotarisira kuvandudza kunzwisisa kwedu mashandiro etransformer uye mashandisirwo epfungwa huru mukuverenga zvine chekuita nematransformer. Kunzwisisa uku kuchatibvumira kunzwisisa zviri nani mhedzisiro yekuchinja kwemawindings uye voltage pamasisitimu emagetsi.
