Mienzaniso yeMibvunzo Inotaura Nezvekukura neKukura kweMhuka
Kukura nekukura mumhuka inzira mbiri dzakakosha uye dzakabatana. Dzese dzinoita basa rakakosha mukutsanangura hupenyu hwechisikwa kubva padanho remwana asati aberekwa kusvika pakukura. Mumamiriro edzidzo, kunyanya muzvidzidzo zvebhayoloji, kunzwisisa pfungwa idzi kwakakosha kuti vadzidzi vashandise ruzivo rwavo mumamiriro akasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira kugadzirisa mibvunzo yebvunzo. Chinyorwa chino chichaongorora mienzaniso yakati wandei yemibvunzo ine chekuita nekukura nekukura kwemhuka uye kupa tsananguro yeimwe neimwe.
Pfungwa Dzekutanga dzeKukura neKubudirira
Tisati tapinda mumibvunzo yemuenzaniso, tinofanira kunzwisisa pfungwa huru dzekukura nekukura. Kukura mumhuka kunowanzoreva kuwedzera kwehukuru nehukuru hwemasero, nyama, kana chisikwa chose. Maitiro aya anowanzo sanganisira kupatsanurwa nekukura kwemasero.
Kune rumwe rutivi, kukura kunosanganisira shanduko dzakaoma dzemaumbirwo uye mashandiro, kusanganisira kusiyana kwemasero uye kugadzirwa kwenhengo. Kukura kunoitika kwete panguva yekukura kwemwana asi zvakare muhupenyu hwese hwechisikwa; muenzaniso wekushanduka kwemuviri muzvipembenene.
Mibvunzo yemuenzaniso nekukurukurirana
Mubvunzo 1: Tsanangura matanho ekukura kwedatya kubva muzai kusvika pakukura. Ndeipi misiyano mikuru mukushanda kwedatya padanho rega rega?
Kukurukurirana:
1. Mazai: Izvi zvinotanga kana mazai angoberekeswa uye achikura munzvimbo yemvura. Mazai aya anodzivirirwa nejira rinoadzivirira kubva kuzvikara uye kuchinja-chinja kwezvakatipoteredza.
2. Matatya (Matatya): Mushure mekuzvara matatya, matatya ari pachidanho chetatya anoratidza hunhu hwakafanana nehwehove, senge matumbu ekufema pasi pemvura uye muswe wekushambira. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti padanho iri, anonyatsovimba nemamiriro ekunze emvura.
3. Kuchinja-chinja: Izvi zvinosanganisira shanduko huru umo magill anonyangarika uye mapapu anokura. Panguva yekuchinja-chinja, makumbo anokura, uye muswe unonyangarika zvishoma nezvishoma, zvichiita kuti datya richinje kuenda kuhupenyu hwepanyika.
4. Matatya Akura: Ane hunhu hwemumvura, matatya akura ane mapapu neganda zvinoabvumira kufema. Imhuka dzepanyika dzinogonawo kugara mumvura, zvichiratidza kuchinja kubva pakuva mumvura zvizere kuenda kukuva panyika.
Magadzirirwo ematatya anochinja zvikuru kubva padanho kuenda pane rimwe. Musiyano mukuru ndewekufema (magill anoshanduka kuita mapapu) uye nzira yekufamba (muswe unoshanduka kuita makumbo).
Mubvunzo 2: Kuchinja kwezvipembenene kwakakamurwa kuita kuchinja kwakakwana uye kusina kukwana. Ipa mienzaniso yemhando imwe neimwe uye tsanangura matanho ari mudenderedzwa.
Kukurukurirana:
1. Kuchinja-chinja kwakazara: Muenzaniso ishavishavi. Matanho acho anosanganisira:
– Mazai: Akaiswa pamashizha.
– Gonye (Caterpillar): Rinobuda muzai rotanga kudya mashizha, richikura nekukurumidza.
– Pupa (Chrysalis): Chikamu chekuzorora apo kurongeka kwemuviri wese kunoitika.
– Imago (Mukuru): Shavishavi rinobuda muhoko rine chimiro nebasa rakasiyana zvikuru nehonye, rakagadzirira kubereka.
2. Kuchinja-chinja kusina kukwana: Muenzaniso imhashu. Matanho acho anosanganisira:
– Mazai: Anoiswa muvhu kana pamiti.
– Nymph: Kufanana nemukuru asi mudiki uye asina mapapiro, inonyura kakawanda painokura.
– Yakakura: Mushure mekuoma kwemapapiro akawanda, mapapiro acho anenge akura zvakakwana uye mhashu inenge yagadzirira kubereka.
Musiyano mukuru uripo pakati pemhando mbiri idzi dzekuchinja chimiro chemuviri ndewekuti pane danho remwana here kana kuti kwete. Mukuchinja chimiro chemuviri kusina kukwana, hapana danho remwana rakasiyana.
Mubvunzo 3: Mahormone anokanganisa sei kukura nekukura kwemhuka, kunyanya zvipembenene?
Kukurukurirana:
Mahormone anoita basa guru mukudzora kukura nekukura kwemhuka. Muzvipembenene, mahormone maviri makuru iecdysone nejuvenile hormone (JH).
– Homoni yeEcdysone: Inobatsira pakubuda kana kunyunguduka kweganda. Homoni iyi inokurudzira masero eganda kuti akurudzire kuumbwa kweganda idzva uye kubviswa kweganda rekare.
– Juvenile Hormone (JH): Inodzora kukura kusvika padanho rinotevera. Huwandu hweJH hwakakwira hunochengetedza zvipembenene muchikamu chemakonzo uye hunodzivirira kukura kusvika padanho rekukura. Kana huwandu hweJH hukadzikira uye ecdysone iripo, zvipembenene zvinogona kufambira mberi kusvika padanho rinotevera, kusanganisira kukura.
Muzvipembenene zvine shanduko yakakwana, kurongeka kwemahormone uku kwakakosha pakuchinja kukuru kunoitika padanho remwana kusvika pakuva mukuru.
Penutup
Kunzwisisa kukura kwemhuka kwakakosha pakudzidza zvizere nezve biology. Kudzidza hakugumiri padzidziso; kunodawo kuwedzerwa nemienzaniso nehurukuro kuti kuwedzere kunzwisisa. Nekugadzirisa matambudziko akasiyana-siyana, vadzidzi vanogona kuongorora kunzwisisa kwavo kwepfungwa uye kuashandisa mumamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo. Uyezve, mibvunzo nezvemahormone nedzimwe nzira dzemuviri inogona kupa tsananguro dzakadzama uye kuita kuti musoro wenyaya uve unonakidza uye wakakwana.
