Mibvunzo Yemuenzaniso Inotaura NezveKuchena Kwemuzana
Kuchena kwepasendi, kana kuti mwero wekuchena kwechinhu, chinhu chakakosha mumapazi akasiyana-siyana esainzi, kunyanya kuongorora, mishonga, uye kemesitiri yeindasitiri. Chinyorwa chino chichakurukura pfungwa yekuchena kwepasendi uye kupa mienzaniso ine tsananguro dzakakwana kuitira kuti vaverengi vanzwisise zviri nani maverengero nekushandisa pfungwa iyi mumamiriro akasiyana-siyana.
Kunzwisisa Percent Purity
Kuchena kwezana kunoratidza mwero wekuchena kwechinhu chakaverengerwa sechikamu chehuremu hwechinhu chakachena mumuenzaniso. Kuchena kwezana kunogona kuratidzwa muequation inotevera:
\[ \text{Percent Purity} = \left( \frac{\text{Mass of pure substance}}{\text{Mass of sample}} \right) \times 100\% \]
Dimana:
– Huremu hwechinhu chakachena huremu hwechinhu icho kuchena kwacho kunofanira kuzivikanwa.
– Huremu hwemuenzaniso ihuremu hwese hwemuenzaniso hune zvinhu zvakachena uye tsvina yazvo.
Kukosha kwePercentage yeKuchena
Chikamu chekuchena chakakosha mumhando dzakasiyana dzesainzi uye mashandisirwo azvo. Mukuongorora kemesitiri, kuchena kwechinhu chinoshandiswa mumishonga kunogona kukanganisa mhedzisiro yekuyedza. Muindasitiri yemishonga, kuchena kwezvinhu zvakagadzirwa nemishonga kunofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti chigadzirwa chekupedzisira chakachengeteka uye chinoshanda. Mune mamwe matunhu, akadai sekugadzirwa kwesimbi nemafuta, kuchena kunokanganisa kunaka kwechigadzirwa uye mashandiro azvo.
Muenzaniso weMibvunzo Yekutanga
Ngatitangei nemuenzaniso uri nyore tisati taenderera mberi nematambudziko akaomarara.
Muenzaniso Mubvunzo 1:
Sampuro yearuminiyamu ine huremu hwemagiramu gumi. Ongororo inoratidza kuti huremu hwearuminiyamu yakachena mumuenzaniso i9.5 gramu. Ndeipi chikamu chekuchena kwechinhu ichi?
Kukurukurirana:
Zvinozivikanwa:
– Huremu hwechinhu chakachena = 9.5 gramu
– Huremu hwemuenzaniso = 10 magiramu
\[ \text{Percent Purity} = \left( \frac{9.5 \text{ gram}}{10 \text{ gram}} \right) \times 100\% \]
\[ \text{Percent Purity} = \left( 0.95 \right) \times 100\% \]
\[ \text{Percent Purity} = 95\% \]
Saka, chiyero chekuchena kwemuenzaniso wearuminiyamu i95%.
Mienzaniso Yezvinetso Zvakaoma
Muenzaniso Mubvunzo 2:
Une sampuro ye calcium carbonate ye 150 gram (\(\text{CaCO}_3\)). Ongororo inoratidza kuti pane chinhu chakasvibiswa muchimiro che magnesium carbonate (\(\text{MgCO}_3\)) chinosvika magiramu gumi. Verenga huwandu hwe calcium carbonate yakachena mu sampuro.
Kukurukurirana:
Zvinozivikanwa:
– Huremu hwemuenzaniso = 150 magiramu
– Huremu hwechinhu chinosvibisa (\(\text{MgCO}_3\)) = 10 magiramu
Saka, huremu hwechinhu chakachena (\(\text{CaCO}_3\)) hunogona kuverengerwa seizvi:
\[ \text{Huremu hwechinhu chakachena} = \text{Huremu hwemuenzaniso} – \text{Huremu hwechinhu chakasvibiswa} \]
\[ \text{Huremu hwechinhu chakachena} = 150 \text{ grams} – 10 \text{ grams} \]
\[ \text{Huremu hwechinhu chakachena} = 140 \text{ grams} \]
Tevere, verenga chikamu chekuchena:
\[ \text{Percent Purity} = \left( \frac{140 \text{ gram}}{150 \text{ gram}} \right) \times 100\% \]
\[ \text{Percent Purity} = \left( 0.9333 \right) \times 100\% \]
\[ \text{Percent Purity} \inenge 93.33\% \]
Saka, huwandu hwekuchena kwecalcium carbonate mumuenzaniso hunosvika 93.33%.
Mienzaniso yeMibvunzo yeKushandisa muIndasitiri
Muenzaniso Mubvunzo 3:
Kambani yemishonga inogadzira 200 kg yemushonga une 98% yakachena. Panguva yekurongedza, 5 kg yemushonga inenge yasvibiswa. Chii chinonzi pesenti yekuchena kwemushonga mushure mekusvibiswa?
Kukurukurirana:
Zvinozivikanwa:
– Huremu hwepakutanga hwemushonga = 200 kg
- Chikamu chekutanga chekuchena = 98%
– Huremu hwekutanga hwechinhu chakachena = \(\frac{98}{100} \times 200 \text{ kg} = 196 \text{ kg}\)
– Kuwedzera kusvibiswa = 5 kg
– Huwandu hwese hwesampuro mushure mekusvibiswa = 200 kg + 5 kg = 205 kg
Huremu hwechinhu chakachena hachichinji (196 kg), saka huwandu hwekuchena mushure mekusvibiswa ndehwekuti:
\[ \text{Percent Purity} = \left( \frac{196 \text{ kg}}{205 \text{ kg}} \right) \times 100\% \]
\[ \text{Percent Purity} \inenge 95.61\% \]
Saka, chikamu chekuchena kwemushonga mushure mekusvibiswa chiri pa95.61%.
Mienzaniso yeMibvunzo pamusoro peKushandiswa kweKuongorora Makemikari
Muenzaniso Mubvunzo 4:
Mukuongorora kwemakemikari emushonga, zvinozivikanwa kuti kune magiramu 2.5 echinhu chakachena muhuwandu hwemarita matatu emushonga. Kana huwandu hwemushonga huri 1.2 g/mL, chiyero chemushonga chiri mumushonga ndechipi?
Kukurukurirana:
Zvinozivikanwa:
– Huremu hwechinhu chakachena = 2.5 gramu
– Vhoriyamu yemushonga = 3 litres = 3000 mL
– Kuwanda kwemhinduro = 1.2 g/mL
Kushandisa density kuti uwane huwandu hwese hwemhinduro:
\[ \text{Sample mass} = \text{Solution volume} \times \text{Density} \]
\[ \text{Sample weight} = 3000 \text{mL} \times 1.2 \text{g/mL} \]
\[ \text{Sample weight} = 3600 \text{grams} \]
Wobva waverenga chikamu chekuchena:
\[ \text{Percent Purity} = \left( \frac{2.5 \text{ gram}}{3600 \text{ gram}} \right) \times 100\% \]
\[ \text{Percent Purity} \inenge 0.0694\% \]
Saka, huwandu hwekuchena kwechinhu chiri mumushonga hunenge 0.0694%.
Penutup
Kuverenga kuchena kwepasendi chikamu chakakosha chekudzora hunhu uye kuongorora makemikari. Kunzwisisa kwakakwana pfungwa iyi kunobvumira nyanzvi muminda yakasiyana-siyana kuona kuti zvigadzirwa kana zvinhu zvavanoshanda nazvo zvakanaka uye zvinoenderana. Chinyorwa chino charatidza mienzaniso yakati wandei yezvinetso izvo zvinotarisirwa kuti zvibatsire vaverengi kunzwisisa zvakadzama mashandisirwo epfungwa yekuchena kwepasendi mumamiriro akasiyana-siyana.
