Muenzaniso weMubvunzo weKukurukurirana pamusoro peMhinduro yeChiitiko
Mikana ibazi remasvomhu rinoshandiswa zvakanyanya muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Mikana yekuti chiitiko chiitike kana kuti chisaitike inogona kuyerwa uchishandisa pfungwa yemukana. Chinyorwa chinotevera chichakurukura mienzaniso yakati wandei yematambudziko nekukurukurirana kwawo maererano nemukana wechiitiko. Ngatizviongororei zvakadzama.
Mubvunzo 1: Mikana yeNhamba Dzinoonekwa Pamadhayisi
Mubvunzo:
Diya ine mativi matanhatu inokandwa kamwe chete. Ndeipi mukana wekuwana 4?
Kukurukurirana:
Dhie yakajairwa ine mativi matanhatu: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, uye 6. Rutivi rumwe nerumwe rune mukana wakaenzana wekuonekwa. Sezvo tiri kutsvaga mukana wekukanda nhamba ina kubva panhamba nhanhatu dzinobvira, mukana wacho unogona kunyorwa seizvi:
\[ P(4) = \frac{\text{Nhamba yenzira dzinodiwa}}{\text{Nhamba yose yemikana}} = \frac{1}{6} \]
Saka, mukana wekuwana nhamba 4 kana die ikandwa kamwe chete ndi \(\frac{1}{6}\).
Dambudziko rechipiri: Mikana muBhokisi reDraw
Mubvunzo:
Mubhokisi mune mabhora matsvuku mashanu nemabhora matatu ebhuruu. Kana bhora rikatorwa zvisina tsarukano, mukana wekuti bhora rakatorwa rive dzvuku ndeupi?
Kukurukurirana:
Huwandu hwemabhora ari mubhokisi ndehwekuti:
\[ 5 \text{ (tsvuku) } + 3 \text{ (bhuruu) } = 8 \text{ mabhora } \]
Mabhora atinoda mabhora matsvuku, uye mashanu acho. Saka, mukana wekuwana bhora dzvuku ndewekuti:
\[ P(\text{red}) = \frac{\text{Nhamba yemabhora matsvuku}}{\text{Nhamba yose yemabhora}} = \frac{5}{8} \]
Saka, mukana wekusarudza bhora dzvuku ndewe \(\frac{5}{8}\).
Mubvunzo 3: Mikana yeMisoro paMari
Mubvunzo:
Mari inokandwa kaviri. Mikana yekuwana misoro miviri ndeipi?
Kukurukurirana:
Kukanda kwese kwemari kune mhedzisiro mbiri dzinogona kuitika, dzinoti misoro (H) kana miswe (E). Kana mari ikakandwa kaviri, nzvimbo yemuenzaniso (S) yemhedzisiro inogona kuitika ndeiyi:
\[ S = \{(HH), (HE), (EH), (EE)\} \]
Mikana yekuwana misoro miviri (HH) inogona kuverengerwa seinotevera:
\[ P(HH) = \frac{\text{Nhamba yezviitiko zveHH}}{\text{Nhamba yose yemikana}} = \frac{1}{4} \]
Nemamwe mashoko, mukana wekuwana misoro miviri kana mari ikakandwa kaviri ndewekuti \(\frac{1}{4}\).
Mubvunzo 4: Mikana muMitambo yeMakadhi
Mubvunzo:
Kubva pamakadhi akajairwa (makadhi makumi mashanu nemaviri), mukana wekuwana Ace of Hearts ndeupi kana kadhi rimwe chete rikatorwa?
Kukurukurirana:
Makadhi akajairwa ane makadhi makumi mashanu nemaviri, kusanganisira maAce mana. Zvisinei, isu tinonyanya kufarira Ace of Hearts.
Huwandu hwemakadhi anogona kuwanikwa i52, uye pane Ace of Hearts imwe chete mudeki. Saka:
\[ P(\text{Ace of Hearts}) = \frac{\text{Nhamba yeAce of Hearts}}{\text{Nhamba Yese yeMakadhi}} = \frac{1}{52} \]
Saka, mukana wekudhirowa Ace of Hearts kubva pamakadhi akajairwa ndewe \(\frac{1}{52}\).
Mubvunzo 5: Mikana muGoods Draw
Mubvunzo:
Murotari, mune matikiti gumi, matatu ane mibairo uye manomwe asina. Kana tikiti rimwe chete rikatorwa zvisina tsarukano, mukana wekuwana mubairo ndeupi?
Kukurukurirana:
Huwandu hwematikiti gumi, uye huwandu hwematikiti emubairo ndi3. Saka, mukana wekuwana tikiti remubairo ndewekuti:
\[ P(\text{prize}) = \frac{\text{Nhamba yematikiti emubairo}}{\text{Nhamba yose yematikiti}} = \frac{3}{10} \]
Saka, mukana wekuwana tikiti remubairo ndewe \(\frac{3}{10}\).
Mubvunzo 6: Mikana iri mubhokisi remaswiti
Mubvunzo:
Chirongo chimwe chine masiwiti gumi nemaviri echokoreti, masiwiti masere estrawberry, uye masiwiti mashanu emint. Kana siwiti imwe ikatorwa zvisina tsarukano, mukana wekuwana siwiti yemint ndeupi?
Kukurukurirana:
Huwandu hwemaswiti ari muhari ndehwekuti:
\[ 12 \text{ (chokoreti) } + 8 \text{ (strawberry) } + 5 \text{ (mint) } = 25 \text{ maswiti } \]
Huwandu hwemaswiti emuminti atinoda i5. Saka mukana wekuwana maswiti emuminti ndewekuti:
\[ P(\text{mint}) = \frac{\text{Nhamba yemints}}{\text{Nhamba yose yemints}} = \frac{5}{25} = \frac{1}{5} \]
Saka, mukana wekuwana siwiti yemint ndewe \(\frac{1}{5}\).
Mubvunzo 7: Mikana muLottery
Mubvunzo:
Murotari, mabhora gumi ane nhamba kubva 1 kusvika 10 anoiswa mubhokisi. Kana bhora rimwe chete rikatorwa, mukana wekuwana nhamba yakaenzana ndeupi?
Kukurukurirana:
Huwandu hwemabhora ese i10 uye nhamba dzakafanana pakati pawo i2, 4, 6, 8, uye 10, izvo zvinosvika mabhora mashanu.
Saka mukana wekuwana nhamba yakaenzana ndewekuti:
\[ P(\text{even}) = \frac{\text{Nhamba yenhamba dzakaenzana}}{\text{Nhamba yose yemabhora}} = \frac{5}{10} = \frac{1}{2} \]
Saka, mukana wekuwana nhamba yakaenzana ndewe \(\frac{1}{2}\).
Mubvunzo 8: Mikana paMutambo
Mubvunzo:
Mumutambo webasketball, mutambi ane mukana we 0,7 wekupinza poindi pabhora rega rega. Kana mutambi akapfura kamwe chete, mukana wekuti aputse ndeupi?
Kukurukurirana:
Mikana yekukunda poindi i0,7. Saka, mukana wekukundikana kuwana poindi ndewekuti:
\[ P(\text{failed}) = 1 – P(\text{succeeded}) = 1 – 0,7 = 0,3 \]
Saka, mukana wekuti mutambi akundikana kuwana poindi kubva pakukanda kamwe chete i0,3 kana 30%.
Mushure mekuongorora mienzaniso nehurukuro dziri pamusoro apa, tinogona kunzwisisa kuti pfungwa yefungidziro inoshandiswa sei mumamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana-siyana. Kunzwisisa uku kunogona kubatsira kugadzirisa matambudziko ezuva nezuva anosanganisira kusava nechokwadi nekufungidzira, uye kunopa hwaro hwakasimba hwekushandiswa kwakawedzerwa mukudzidza kwenhamba nefungidziro.
