Mibvunzo Yekukurukurirana Yemuenzaniso: Matambudziko Mukuchinjana uye Kutakurwa Kwezvinhu
Kuchinjana uye kutakurwa kwezvinhu mumuviri inzira inokosha inoita kuti masero edu awane zvinovaka muviri zvinodiwa uye abvise tsvina zvinobudirira. Maitiro aya anosanganisira masisitimu akasiyana-siyana emuviri, kusanganisira masisitimu ekufema, emwoyo, uye ekubvisa tsvina. Kusajairika mumaitiro aya kunogona kuva nemigumisiro yakakomba pahutano. Muchinyorwa chino, tichakurukura mimwe mienzaniso yematambudziko uye tichakurukura matambudziko ane chekuita nekuchinjana uye kutakurwa kwezvinhu mumuviri.
Zvirwere zvine chekuita nekuchinjana uye kutakurwa kwezvinhu
1. Kushaya ropa mumuviri
– Mubvunzo: Tsanangura kuti anemia inogona sei kukanganisa kuchinjana kweokisijeni mumuviri!
– Kukurukurirana: Anemia chirwere chinokonzerwa nenhamba yemasero matsvuku eropa mumuviri kana huwandu hwehemoglobin hwakaderera, izvo zvinoderedza kugona kweropa kutakura okisijeni kuenda kunhengo dzemuviri. Hemoglobin ipuroteni iri mumasero matsvuku eropa ine basa rekubatanidza okisijeni mumapapu uye kuitakura mumuviri wese. Kana hemoglobin yadzikira, okisijeni inowanikwa kuti ishandurwe padanho remasero inodzikira, zvichikanganisa mashandiro emasero uye zvinogona kukonzera kuneta, kushaya simba, nezvimwe zviratidzo.
2. Acidosis neAlkalosis
– Mubvunzo: Chii chinorehwa neacidosis nealkalosis, uye mamiriro maviri aya anogona sei kukanganisa kuenzana kwezvinhu mumuviri?
– Kukurukurirana: Acidosis chirwere umo ropa rinova neacid yakawanda (pH yakaderera), nepo alkalosis chirwere umo ropa rinova rakaderera (pH yakawedzera). Kuenzana kweacid mumuviri kwakakosha pakushanda zvakanaka kwemasero nenhengo. Acidosis inogona kukonzerwa nekuwedzera kwekugadzirwa kweacid (senge lactic acid), kudzikira kwe acid inoburitswa (muchirwere cheitsvo), kana kudzikira kwemazinga e bicarbonate. Kusiyana neizvi, alkalosis inogona kukonzerwa nekudzikira kwemazinga eCO2 muropa (semuenzaniso, nekuda kwe hyperventilation) kana kuwedzera mazinga e bicarbonate. Zvese izvi zvirwere zvinokanganisa electrolyte balance uye enzyme function, zvichikanganisa kuchinjana uye kutakurwa kwezvinhu padanho remasero.
3. Kukundikana kweitsvo
– Mubvunzo: Kutadza kushanda kweitsvo kunokanganisa sei nzira yekuburitsa uye kuenzana kwema electrolyte mumuviri?
– Kukurukurirana: Itsvo inhengo dzinokosha mukuburitsa uye kudzora kuenzana kwe electrolyte. Mukutadza kweitsvo, kugona kweitsvo kusefa nekuburitsa tsvina uye kudzora kuenzana kwemvura ne electrolyte mumuviri kunoderera kana kurasika. Tsvina yemuviri yakaita se urea ne creatinine inoungana muropa, zvichikonzera zviratidzo zvakaita sekuneta, kuda kurutsa, uye kushaya simba kwepfungwa. Uyezve, kusawirirana kwe electrolyte kunogona kuitika, zvichikanganisa mashandiro emhasuru netsinga uye zvinogona kukonzera matambudziko emwoyo.
4. Emphysema
– Mubvunzo: Sei kuchinjana kwegasi kuchikanganiswa kune vanorwara ne emphysema?
– Kukurukurirana: Emphysema chirwere chemapapu chinoratidzwa nekukuvadzwa kwealveoli, tunhu tudiki twemhepo mumapapu uko oxygen necarbon dioxide zvinochinjana. Kukuvadzwa uku kunoderedza nzvimbo yepamusoro yekuchinjana magasi, uye alveoli inorasikirwa nekusimba kwayo. Izvi zvinoita kuti zviome kuburitsa carbon dioxide zvinobudirira uye zvinoderedza kupinza kweokisijeni, zvichikonzera nzara yeokisijeni. Zviratidzo zvakajairika zvinosanganisira kufema zvishoma, kukosora kusingaperi, uye kusashivirira kuita mabasa emuviri.
5. Chirwere cheshuga
– Mubvunzo: Chirwere cheshuga chinogona sei kukanganisa kutakurwa kweglucose kuenda mumasero?
– Kukurukurirana: Chirwere cheshuga chirwere chemetabolic chinoratidzwa nemazinga eshuga muropa akakwira, anokonzerwa nekusagadzirwa zvakanaka kwe insulin (chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwekutanga) kana kuramba insulin (chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri). Insulin ihormone inobatsira glucose kupinda mumasero kuti ishandiswe senzvimbo yesimba. Muchirwere cheshuga, kugona kwemuviri kutakura glucose mumasero kunokanganiswa, zvichikonzera kuwanda kwemazinga eshuga muropa uye kudzikira kwekuwanikwa kweshuga mumasero. Kana isingadzoreki, chirwere cheshuga chinogona kukonzera kukuvara kwetsinga dzeropa, tsinga, nedzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.
Maitiro Ekubata
Kuti pagadziriswe kusarongeka kwekuchinjana uye kutakurwa kwezvinhu, nzira dzakakodzera dzekurapa dzinofanira kushandiswa zvichienderana nechikonzero uye rudzi rwechirwere chacho. Heano mamwe maitiro akajairika:
1. Kurapwa Kwechiremba
– Mishonga: Kushandiswa kwemishonga, yakadai semishonga yesimbi yekuderedza kupererwa kweropa, insulin yechirwere cheshuga, kana mishonga inorwisa utachiona yezvirwere zvine chekuita ne emphysema.
– Kuongororwa kwetsvo kana kuiswa kwetsvo: Kana itsvo dzisisina kushanda zvakanaka, nzira iyi inogona kubatsira kutsiva kushanda kwetsvo kwakarasika.
2. Kurapa Okisijeni
- Inoshandiswa mumamiriro ezvinhu akadai se emphysema kuwedzera mwero weokisijeni muropa uye kuvandudza kugona kwekuchinjana kwegasi.
3. Kudya uye Mararamiro
– Kudya Kwakakodzera: Kudya kwakaringana uye kune hutano kunogona kubatsira kudzora huwandu hweshuga muropa muvanhu vane chirwere cheshuga uye kuderedza kugadzirwa kwelactic acid mumuviri.
– Kurovedza Muviri: Kurovedza muviri nguva dzose kunogona kubatsira kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwekushandisa okisijeni uye kudzora shuga muropa.
4. Kutarisa Nekuongorora Nguva Dzose
- Kugara uchitarisa zviratidzo uye zviratidzo zvemakemikari kwakakosha pakuongorora chirwere ichi nekukurumidza uye kugadzirisa chirwere chacho.
Nekushandisa nzira yakakwana uye yakakodzera, matambudziko mazhinji ekuchinjana zvinodhaka nekutakura anogona kugadziriswa zvinobudirira, zvichivandudza hupenyu hweavo vane chirwere ichi. Sevadzidzi kana nyanzvi dzehutano, kunzwisisa nzira dzekutanga uye zvinorehwa nezvirwere izvi kwakakosha pakupa rubatsiro rwakanakisisa.
Mhedziso
Matambudziko ekuchinjana zvinodhaka nekutakura zvinhu ane chekuita zvikuru nehutano. Kunzwisisa mashandisirwo anoita nzira idzi dzekuchinjana zvinhu uye kuti matambudziko anogona kuitika sei kwakakosha pakuziva nekugadzirisa matambudziko angangoitika. Kuburikidza nedzidzo uye nzira dzekurapa dzinoshanda, tinogona kubatsira kuvandudza maonero nehupenyu hwevanhu vane matambudziko aya.
