Mibvunzo yeMienzaniso uye Kukurukurirana kweMhando dzeColloids
Pendauluan
Colloid sisitimu ine zvikamu zviviri: chikamu chakapararira uye chikamu chekupararira. Chikamu chakapararira ndicho zvikamu zvine saizi ye colloidal (1-1000 nm), nepo chikamu chekupararira chiri nzira iyo zvikamu zvinopararira nayo. Colloids dzinowanzoonekwa muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva uye dzinodzidzwa mukemistri nekuti dzine hunhu hwakasiyana hunodzisiyanisa kubva kumhinduro dzechokwadi uye suspensions. Muchinyorwa chino, tichakurukura mhando dzakasiyana dze colloids zvichibva pazvikamu zvavo zvakapararira uye zvinopararira, pamwe nematambudziko emuenzaniso nehurukuro kuti tijekese pfungwa iyi.
Mhando dzeColloids
Colloids inogona kukamurwa kuita mhando dzakasiyana zvichienderana nechikamu chakapararira:
1. Aerosol: Colloid ine chikamu chemvura kana chakasimba chakapararira muchikamu chekupararira kwegasi.
– Mienzaniso: Utsi (hwakasimba mugasi), mhute (mvura mugasi).
2. Emulsion: Colloid ine chikamu chakapararira chemvura muchikamu chekupararira kwemvura.
– Mienzaniso: Mukaka, mayonesi.
3. Furo: Colloid ine gasi rakapararira muchikamu chekupararira kwemvura kana chakasimba.
– Mienzaniso: Kirimu yekugera ndebvu (gasi mumvura), furo resipo (gasi mumvura).
4. Mavhu: Makorodhi ane chikamu chakasimba chakapararira muchikamu chekupararira kwemvura.
– Mienzaniso: Pendi, inki.
5. Gel: Colloid umo chikamu chakapararira chakasimba uye chikamu chekupararira chiri chemvura, zvichikonzera sisitimu yakaoma zvishoma.
– Mienzaniso: Agar-agar, gelatin.
6. Aerosol yakasimba: Colloid ine gasi rakapararira muchikamu chekupararira kwakasimba.
– Muenzaniso: Styrofoam.
Mibvunzo yemuenzaniso nekukurukurirana
Mubvunzo 1
Sarudza rudzi rwe colloid kubva muhurongwa hunotevera:
1. Mayonnaise
2. Utsi
3. Mhute
4. Kirimu yekuveura ndebvu
5. Agar-agar
Kukurukurirana
1. Mayonnaise
- Rudzi rweColloid: Emulsion
- Chikamu Chakapararira: Mvura
- Chikamu Chekuparadzira: Mvura
Mu mayonnaise, mafuta (chikamu chakapararira chemvura) anoparadzirwa mumvura (chikamu chekupararira kwemvura), achibatsirwa nemushonga unosanganisa mvura.
2. Utsi
– Rudzi rweColloid: Aerosol
- Chikamu chakapararira: Chakasimba
- Chikamu Chekuparadzira: Gasi
Utsi hune zvidimbu zvidiki zvakasimba zvakapararira mumhepo.
3. Mhute
– Rudzi rweColloid: Aerosol
- Chikamu Chakapararira: Mvura
- Chikamu Chekuparadzira: Gasi
Mhute inoumbwa nemadonhwe madiki emvura akapararira mumhepo.
4. Kirimu yekuveura ndebvu
- Rudzi rweColloid: Furo
- Chikamu Chakapararira: Gasi
- Chikamu Chekuparadzira: Mvura
Mukirimu yekugera, mhepo (chikamu chakapararira negasi) inoparadzirwa muchikamu chekirimu (chikamu chekupararira kwemvura).
5. Agar-agar
- Rudzi rweColloid: Gel
- Chikamu chakapararira: Chakasimba
- Chikamu Chekuparadzira: Mvura
Muagar, zvikamu zvakasimba zveagar zvinoparadzirwa mumvura, zvichiita kuti pave nechikamu chakasimba.
Mubvunzo 2
Sarudza rudzi rwe colloid, dispersing phase, uye dispersing phase kubva pamuenzaniso unotevera:
1. Mukaka wekokonati
2. Katsi
3. Chiratidzo cheutsi
4. Inki yekudhinda
Kukurukurirana
1. Mukaka wekokonati
- Rudzi rweColloid: Emulsion
- Chikamu Chakapararira: Mvura
- Chikamu Chekuparadzira: Mvura
Mukaka wekokonati musanganiswa wemafuta ekokonati akaparadzirwa mumvura, zvichiita emulsion.
2. Pendi
- Rudzi rweColloid: Sol
- Chikamu chakapararira: Chakasimba
- Chikamu Chekuparadzira: Mvura
Pendi ine zvidimbu zvepigment zvakasimba zvakapararira munzvimbo ine mvura.
3. Chiratidzo cheutsi
– Rudzi rweColloid: Aerosol
- Chikamu Chakapararira: Chakasimba/Chinwiwa
- Chikamu Chekuparadzira: Gasi
Utsi hunosanganisira zvidimbu zvidiki zvakasimba kana mvura zvakapararira mumhepo.
4. Inki yekudhinda
- Rudzi rweColloid: Sol
- Chikamu chakapararira: Chakasimba
- Chikamu Chekuparadzira: Mvura
Inki yekudhinda isimbi ine zvidimbu zvepigment zvine ruvara rwakasimba zvakapararira mumvura.
Mubvunzo 3
Tafura inotevera inoratidza mamwe masisitimu anogona kubva muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Sarudza chikamu chakapararira uye chinhu chinoparadzira pamuenzaniso wega wega.
1. Gelatin
2. Guruva riri mumhepo
3. Mushonga wemazino
4. Girisi rinozora
Kukurukurirana
1. Gelatin
- Chikamu chakapararira: Chakasimba
- Chikamu Chekuparadzira: Mvura
- Rudzi rweColloid: Gel
Gelatin muenzaniso wejeli ine mapuroteni akasimba akaparadzirwa mumvura.
2. Guruva riri mumhepo
- Chikamu chakapararira: Chakasimba
- Chikamu Chekuparadzira: Gasi
– Rudzi rweColloid: Aerosol
Guruva rinofambiswa nemhepo iguruva rakasimba rine saizi ye colloidal rinoparadzirwa mumhepo (gasi).
3. Mushonga wemazino
- Chikamu chakapararira: Chakasimba
- Chikamu Chekuparadzira: Mvura
– Rudzi rweColloid: Sol/Gel (Zvichienderana nekuenderana)
Zvidimbu zvemazino akaoma zvakaparadzirwa mumvura.
4. Girisi rinozora
- Chikamu chakapararira: Chakasimba
- Chikamu Chekuparadzira: Mvura
- Rudzi rweColloid: Gel
Girisi rinozora rinoumbwa nesipo yakasimba (chikamu chakapararira) yakapararira mumafuta (chikamu chekupararira).
Penutup
MaColloid masisitimu ane mafomu akasiyana-siyana uye mashandisirwo muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Nekunzwisisa mhando dzemacolloid uye zvikamu zvawo, tinogona kunzwisisa zviri nani zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana uye zvigadzirwa zvatinoshandisa zuva rega rega. Tinovimba kuti mibvunzo iyi yemuenzaniso nehurukuro zvichakubatsira kunzwisisa pfungwa yecolloids zvakadzama.
