Mienzaniso 20 yeMibvunzo yeKuchaja Kwemagetsi
1. Kana girazi rikakweshwa nejira resiriki, chii chinoitika ndechekuti...
A. Jira resirika rine chaji yemagetsi yakanaka
B. girazi rine chaji yemagetsi isina simba
Mapurotoni eC. anotama kubva pagirazi kuenda kujira resiriki
Maerekitironi eD. anofamba kubva pagirazi kuenda kujira resiriki
Kukurukurirana
Benjamin Franklin (1706–1790), nyanzvi yezvematongerwo enyika uye musayendisiti wekuAmerica, akataura kuti mhando mbiri dzechaja dzinofanira kutaurwa sechaja yakanaka uye chaja isina kunaka. kuchaja kwemagetsi senge mugirazi sechaji yakanaka uye chaji yemagetsi sezvakaita mupurasitiki sechaji yakaipa.
Sirika ine simba remagetsi inokwezva girazi rine simba remagetsi. Nekuti girazi rine simba remagetsi, sirika inova ne simba remagetsi.
Girazi rine chaji yakanaka, zvichireva kuti girazi rine mapurotoni akawandisa uye kushomeka kwemaerekitironi, uko maerekitironi anotama kubva pagirazi kuenda kujira resiriki.
Sirika ine chaji isina kunaka zvinoreva kuti sirika ine maerekitironi akawandisa, uko sirika inowana mamwe maerekitironi kubva mugirazi.
Mhinduro chaiyo ndiD.
2. Girazi rakakweshwa nejira resiriki richachajwa zvakanaka. Izvi zvinoitika nekuti...
A. Maerekitironi anofamba kubva pasiriki kuenda kugirazi
B. maerekitironi anotama kubva pagirazi kuenda kujira resiriki
Mapurotoni eC. anotama kubva kusiriki kuenda kugirazi
Mapurotoni eD. anotama kubva pagirazi kuenda kujira resiriki
Kukurukurirana
Girazi rinova nechaji yakanaka nekuti maerekitironi anotama kubva mugirazi kuenda kusiriki, zvichiita kuti girazi rive nemapurotoni akawandisa (chaji yakanaka). Kune rumwe rutivi, jira sesiriki rinova nechaji yakaipa nekuti jira sesiriki rinogamuchira maerekitironi kubva mugirazi, zvichiita kuti jira sesiriki rive nemaerekitironi akawandisa (chaji isina kunaka).
Chinofamba panguva yekukwesha maerekitironi, kwete mapurotoni. Maerekitironi ari kunze uye anogona kufamba kubva pane chimwe chinhu kuenda kune chimwe, nepo mapurotoni ari mukati kana pakati peatomu uye haakwanise kufamba kubva pane chimwe chinhu kuenda kune chimwe.
Mhinduro chaiyo ndeiyi B.
3. Tarisa mufananidzo unotevera wekuyedza!
Chinhu B chakagadzirwa nepurasitiki uye chakakweshwa nebvudzi uye chinoswededzwa pedyo nechinhu A icho chakarembera zvakasununguka. Zvinozoitika kuti chinhu A chinosuduruka kubva pana B. Saka, zvinogona kugumiswa kuti...
A. A naB vane mhosva dzisina kunaka
B. A naB vane mhosva dzakanaka
C. A inochajwa zvakanaka, B inochajwa zvakaipa
D. A inochajwa zvisina kunaka, B inochajwa zvakanaka
Kukurukurirana
Benjamin Franklin (1706–1790), nyanzvi yezvematongerwo enyika uye musayendisiti wekuAmerica, akataura nezvekuti mhando mbiri dzechaja dzinoti dzakanaka nedzakaipa. Zvakazobvumiranwa kuti chaja yemagetsi mugirazi yaive yakanaka uye chaja yemagetsi mupurasitiki yaive negative.
Sezvinoita machaji anodzingana, saka zvinhu zvinodzinga mapurasitiki zvine chaji yakafanana neyapurasitiki, kureva chaji isina kunaka.
Mhinduro chaiyo ndiA.
4. Chinhu chinoswededzwa pedyo nerura repurasitiki rine chaji yemagetsi chinodzoserwa. Kana chinhu chacho chikaswededzwa pedyo negirazi rine chaji yemagetsi, chinokwezvwa, saka chinhu chacho chino...
A. ine mhosva yakanaka
B. ine mhosva yekutadza kushanda zvakanaka
C. chaji yakanaka uye yakaipa
D. apomerwa mhosva
Kukurukurirana
Chaja yemagetsi, yakaita seyegirazi, inoonekwa seyakanaka, uye chaja yemagetsi, yakaita seyepurasitiki, inoonekwa seyakaipa. Kana chinhu chikadzinga purasitiki ine magetsi uye chikakwezva girazi rine magetsi, chinhu chacho chinoonekwa sechaja isina kunaka.
Mhinduro chaiyo ndeiyi B.
5. Kukwesha bvudzi nepurasitiki kuchave nechaji isina kunaka nekuti...
A. maerekitironi anotama kubva papurasitiki kuenda kubvudzi
Mapurotoni eB. anochinja kubva papurasitiki kuenda kubvudzi
Maerekitironi eC. anotama kubva pabvudzi kuenda kupurasitiki
Mapurotoni eD. anotama kubva pabvudzi kuenda kupurasitiki
Kukurukurirana
Benjamin Franklin (1706–1790), nyanzvi yezvematongerwo enyika uye musayendisiti wekuAmerica, akataura kuti mhando mbiri dzechaja dzinofanira kutaurwa sedzakanaka uye dzisina kunaka. Akabva ataura kuti chaja yemagetsi iri mugirazi ndiyo yakanaka uye chaja yemagetsi iri mupurasitiki ndiyo yakaipa.
Chinhu chimwe nechimwe chinoumbwa nemaatomu kana mamorekuru. Maatomu ane maerekitironi ane charge yakaipa, mapurotoni ane charge yakanaka, uye manyuturoni asina simba remagetsi. Maerekitironi ari kunze kwemaatomu, zvichiabvumira kufamba zviri nyore kubva pane chimwe chinhu kuenda kune chimwe, nepo mapurotoni ari pakati peatomu, zvichiadzivirira kufamba.
Plastiki, kana chero chinhu, inochaja zvisina kunaka nekuda kwemaerekitironi akawanda. Nekuti purasitiki yacho inokweshwa pabvudzi, zvinogumiswa kuti maerekitironi anotamiswa kubva kubvudzi kuenda kupurasitiki.
Mhinduro chaiyo ndiC.
6. Kana mhosva mbiri dzakafanana dzikabatana, dzicha...
A. mhiri
B. kukwezva nekudzinga
C. kuramba kuramba
D. kudhonzana kwehondo
Kukurukurirana
Kana mhosva mbiri dzakafanana dzikaunganidzwa, dzinodzingana uye mhosva mbiri dzakasiyana padzinounganidzwa dzinokwezvana.
Mhinduro chaiyo ndiC.
7. Machaji mana A, B, C, naD. A naB vanodzingana. A naC vanokwezvana, ukuwo C naD vachidzingana. Kana B aine chaji yemagetsi yakanaka, saka...
A. D ane charge ye negative, C ane positive
B. C ane charge ye negative, D ane positive
C. D ane charge ye negative, A ane positive
D. A ane positive charge, C ane positive
Kukurukurirana
Kana B iine positive charge saka:
A naB vanodzingana, saka kana B iine positive charge, A inenge yatove positive charge.
A naC zvinokwezvana, saka kana A akapihwa positive charge, C anopihwa negative charge.
C naD zvinodzingana, saka kana C iine chaji isina kunaka, D inochaji isina kunaka.
Mhinduro chaiyo ndiC.
8. Mudzidzi anoda kuti girazi riratidzike rakachaja zvakanaka sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo. Kuti aite izvi, anokwesha girazi nemarudzi maviri ejira achichinjana.
Chiitiko chakaitika nekuda kwekukweshwa kwacho chaive….
A. Maerekitironi anobva mujira ndinoaendesa kugirazi
B. Maerekitironi anobva mujira II anotamira kugirazi
C. Maerekitironi anobva mugirazi anoenda kujira I
D. Maerekitironi anobva mugirazi anotamira kujira II
Kukurukurirana
Kana girazi rikakweshwa nesirika, maerekitironi anotama kubva pagirazi kuenda kusirika, zvichiita kuti girazi rive nemapurotoni akawandisa uye sirika rive nemaerekitironi akawandisa. Mapurotoni ane chaji yakanaka uye maerekitironi ane chaji yakaipa, saka girazi rinova nechaji yakanaka uye sirika inova nechaji yakaipa.
Kana purasitiki ikakweshwa nemvere dzemakwai, maerekitironi anotama kubva pamvere dzemakwai kuenda kupurasitiki, zvichiita kuti purasitiki ive nemaerekitironi akawanda uye mvere dzemakwai dzive nemapurotoni akawanda. Mapurotoni ane chaji yakanaka uye maerekitironi ane chaji yakaipa, saka purasitiki inova nechaji yakaipa uye jira remvere dzemakwai rinova nechaji yakanaka.
Mhinduro chaiyo ndiC.
9. Kana rulara repurasitiki rikakweshwa nebvudzi rakaoma robva rabatwa pedyo nemapepa madiki, bepa racho rinonamira parulara. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti rulara repurasitiki rakachajwa nemagetsi...
A. yakanaka, nekuti maerekitironi anobva mubvudzi anoyerera achienda kupurasitiki
B. yakanaka, nekuti maerekitironi anobva mupurasitiki anoyerera achienda kubvudzi
C. negative, nekuti maerekitironi anobva mubvudzi anoyerera achienda kupurasitiki
D. negative, nekuti maerekitironi anobva mupurasitiki anoyerera achienda kubvudzi
Kukurukurirana
Pasi rose, mhando mbiri dzemagetsi dzinonzi dzakanaka nedzakaipa. Chaja yemagetsi iri mugirazi inonzi yakanaka, uye chaja yemagetsi iri mupurasitiki inonzi negative.
Chinhu chimwe nechimwe chinoumbwa nemaatomu kana mamorekuru. Maatomu ane maerekitironi ane charge yakaipa, mapurotoni ane charge yakanaka, uye manyuturoni asina simba remagetsi. Maerekitironi ari kunze kwemaatomu, zvichiabvumira kufamba zviri nyore kubva pane chimwe chinhu kuenda kune chimwe, nepo mapurotoni ari pakati peatomu, zvichiadzivirira kufamba.
Plastiki, kana chero chinhu, inochaja zvisina kunaka nekuda kwemaerekitironi akawanda. Nekuti purasitiki yacho inokweshwa pabvudzi, zvinogumiswa kuti maerekitironi anotamiswa kubva kubvudzi kuenda kupurasitiki.
Mhinduro chaiyo ndiC.
10. Kuedza uchishandisa maturusi nezvinhu sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo unotevera:
Mushure mekukweshwa kakawanda nejira, rulara repurasitiki rinogona kukweva zvidimbu zvidiki zvepepa sezvakaratidzwa paMufananidzo II. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti rulara rine chaji yemagetsi…..
A. Yakanaka, nekuti yakaburitsa mamwe maerekitironi ayo
B. Yakanaka, nekuti huwandu hwemapurotoni ari munucleus yeatomu hunowedzera
C. Negative, nekuti yakagamuchira maerekitironi kubva mujira.
D. Negative, nekuti huwandu hwemaerekitironi ari muchikamu chekunze hunoderera
Kukurukurirana
Chaja yemagetsi pagirazi inobvumidzwa pasi rose kuti yakanaka, uye chaja yemagetsi papurasitiki inobvumidzwa pasi rose kuti haina kunaka. Plastiki, kana chero chinhu, inochaja negative nekuda kwemaerekitironi akawanda. Nekuti purasitiki inokweshwa nejira, zvinogumiswa kuti maerekitironi anotamiswa kubva pajira kuenda kupurasitiki.
Mhinduro chaiyo ndiC.
11. Kuedza kuchaja magetsi asingachinji uchishandisa maturusi nezvinhu sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo unotevera:
Mushure mekukweshwa kakawanda nejira (mufananidzo 1), rulara repurasitiki rinogona kukweva zvidimbu zvidiki zvepepa sezvakaratidzwa pamufananidzo 2. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti rulara rine chaji yemagetsi…
A. Yakanaka, nekuti yakaburitsa mamwe maerekitironi ayo
B. Zvakanaka, nekuti huwandu hwemapurotoni ari parula hunowedzera
C. Negative, nekuti yakagamuchira maerekitironi kubva mujira.
D. Negative, nekuti maerekitironi anobva kumurairi anofamba achienda kujira
Kukurukurirana
Chaja yemagetsi pagirazi inobvumidzwa pasi rose kuti ichaja yakanaka uye chaja yemagetsi papurasitiki inobvumidzwa pasi rose kuti ichaja yakaipa.
Plastiki, kana chero chinhu, chinotsvairwa zvisina kunaka nekuda kwemaerekitironi akawanda. Kukwesha purasitiki nejira kunoratidza kuti maerekitironi anotamiswa kubva pajira kuenda kupurasitiki.
Mhinduro chaiyo ndiC.
12. Tarisa mufananidzo werure repurasitiki richikweshwa nejira remvere riri pazasi!
Mushure mekunge rulara repurasitiki rakweshwa nemvere dzemakwai, kufamba kwemaerekitironi nemachaji anoitika parulara repurasitiki kuno...
Kukurukurirana
Chaja yemagetsi pagirazi inobvumidzwa pasi rose kuti ichaja yakanaka uye chaja yemagetsi papurasitiki inobvumidzwa pasi rose kuti ichaja yakaipa.
Plastiki, kana chero chinhu, inochaja zvisina kunaka nekuda kwemaerekitironi akawanda. Painokwiza purasitiki nemvere, zvinogumiswa kuti maerekitironi anotamiswa kubva pamvere kuenda kupurasitiki.
Mhinduro chaiyo ndiD.
13. Maitiro ekuchaja magetsi asingachinji anogona kuitika mupurasitiki inokweshwa nemvere. Chirevo chakarurama chiri patafura ndeche...
Kukurukurirana
Zvichienderana nechibvumirano chenyanzvi dzefizikisi, kana purasitiki yakachajwa nemagetsi, purasitiki yacho inochajwa negative, nepo mvere dzakakweshwa nepurasitiki dzichichajwa negative.
Plastiki ine chaji isina kunaka = purasitiki ine maerekitironi akawandisa = purasitiki inogamuchira maerekitironi
Makushe ari kutsvairwa zvakanaka = makushe ari kushaikwa maerekitironi = makushe ari kurasikirwa nemaerekitironi
Mhinduro chaiyo ndiC.
14. Mhedzisiro yekukwesha girazi nepurasitiki nejira resiriki nemvere kuti pave nechaji yemagetsi inoratidzwa mutafura inotevera!
Chirevo chakarurama maererano nemhedzisiro yekuedza ndeche….
A. (1)
B. (2)
C. (3)
D. (4)
Kukurukurirana
Zvinoenderana nepfungwa dzenyanzvi dzefizikisi, kana purasitiki yakachajwa nemagetsi, inochajwa negative, nepo mvere dzakakwizwa nepurasitiki dzichichajwa negative. Saizvozvowo, kana girazi rakachajwa nemagetsi, rinochajwa negative, nepo sirika yakakwizwa negirazi ichichajwa negative.
Plastiki yacho ine chaji isina kunaka (purasitiki ine maerekitironi akawandisa) nepo mvere dzemakwai dzine chaji yakanaka (mvere dzemakwai dzine kushomeka kwemaerekitironi) = maerekitironi anobva pamvere dzemakwai anotamira kupurasitiki.
Girazi rine chaji yakanaka (girazi harina maerekitironi) uye jira resiriki rine chaji yakaipa (jira resiriki rine maerekitironi akawandisa) = maerekitironi ari mugirazi anotamira kujira resiriki.
Mhinduro chaiyo ndiA.
15. Kana girazi rikakweshwa nejira resiriki, magetsi anochaja pagirazi nejira resiriki. Mutafura inotevera, tsananguro chaiyo ndeiyi….
Kukurukurirana
Zvichienderana nechibvumirano chenyanzvi dzefizikisi, kana girazi rikakweshwa nejira resirika, girazi richachajwa zvakanaka nepo jira resirika richichajwa zvisina kunaka.
Girazi rakachajwa zvakanaka = girazi rinorasikirwa nemaerekitironi.
Siriki ine chaji isina kunaka = siriki inogamuchira maerekitironi.
Mhinduro chaiyo ndiA.
16. Tarisa zvinhu zvishanu zvine simba remagetsi zviri pazasi!
Chinhu q1 uye q5 mhosva dzakaipa, nepo mhosva dzezvimwe zvinhu zvitatu dzisingazivikanwi. Kana q1 akaswededza pedyo q2 kune kudhonzerana kwehondo, q5 akaswededza pedyo q3 kudhonzana kwehondo, q2 akaswededza pedyo q4 Mhedziso yekuchaja kwemagetsi q2, chii3, uye q4 iri…
A. zvakanaka, zvakanaka, zvakanaka
B. chakanaka, chakaipa, chakanaka
C. chakaipa, chakaipa, chakaipa
D. chakaipa, chakanaka, chakaipa
Kukurukurirana
Chaja yemagetsi ine mhando mbiri, dzinoti chaja yemagetsi yakanaka uye chaja yemagetsi isina kunaka. Sezvinoita chaja yemagetsi inodzinga uye kusiyana nechaja yemagetsi inokwezva. Saka, chaja yemagetsi yakanaka inokwezva chaja yemagetsi isina kunaka; chaja yemagetsi yakanaka inodzinga chaja yemagetsi yakanaka; chaja yemagetsi isina kunaka inodzinga chaja yemagetsi isina kunaka. Kana zvichizivikanwa kuti A ine chaja yemagetsi yakanaka uye kana A ichidzinga B saka B inofanira kubhadhariswa zvakanaka. Saizvozvowo, kana zvichizivikanwa kuti P ine chaja yemagetsi isina kunaka uye kana P ichikwezva Q saka Q inofanira kubhadhariswa zvakanaka.
q5 mhosva yakaipa.
q1 mhosva yakaipa.
q2 kudhonzana kwehondo naQ1 Maka q2 chaji yakanaka.
q3 kudhonzana kwehondo naQ5 Maka q3 chaji yakanaka.
q4 ramba ramba na q2 Maka q4 chaji yakanaka.
Chaja yemagetsi q2, chii3, uye q4 zvakanaka, zvakanaka, zvakanaka.
Mhinduro chaiyo ndiA.
17. Tarisa mufananidzo unotevera!
Chinhu Q chine chaji yakanaka (+) uye S chine chaji yakaipa (-). Chinhu R chinodzinga nechinhu S uye chinhu R chinokwezva nechinhu P na T. Chaji dzezvinhu P, R na T zvakateerana ndeidzi...
A. zvakaipa, zvakanaka, zvakanaka
B. zvakaipa, zvakanaka, zvakaipa
C. chakanaka, chakaipa, chisina kunaka
D. chakanaka, chakaipa, chakanaka
Kukurukurirana
Q ine chaji yakanaka
S ine mhosva yekutadza kushanda zvakanaka
R inodzinga S ipapo R inobhadhariswa negative charge
P inokwezva R ipapo P ine chaji yakanaka
T inokwezva R ipapo T ine chaji yakanaka
Zvinopomerwa zvezvinhu P, R naT zvinoti zvakanaka, zvakaipa, zvakanaka zvichiteerana.
Mhinduro chaiyo ndiD.
18. Tarisa mufananidzo wemabhora mashanu ane magetsi ari pazasi!
Mabhora B naE ane charge isina kunaka (-). Kana bhora A rave pedyo naE, rinodzingana, kana A rave pedyo naD, rinokwezvana, uye kana C rave pedyo naE, rinokwezvana. Saka, zvinogona kugumiswa kuti charge yebhora A...
A. A = negative (-), C naD = positive (+)
B. A = yakanaka (+), C naD = yakaipa (-)
C. A naC = negative (-), D = positive (+)
D. A naD = negative (-), C = positive (+)
Kukurukurirana
B ine mhosva yekunyepa
E ine chaji isina kunaka
A inodzinga E ipapo A ine mhosva yekunyepa
D inokwezva A, saka D ine positive charge
C inokwezva E, saka C ine chaji yakanaka
Mhinduro chaiyo ndiA.
19. Tsvimbo yepurasitiki inokweshwa nejira remvere, maitiro ekurodha anoitika pachiitiko ichi chikamu che...
A. Maerekitironi ari mumvere dzemakwai anoenda kupurasitiki, purasitiki yacho inochajwa zvisina kunaka.
B. Maerekitironi ari mupurasitiki anoenda kujira remvere, mvere dzinotsvairwa negative charge.
C. Maerekitironi ari mumvere dzemakwai anoenda kupurasitiki, achichinjana nemapurotoni, mvere dzemakwai dzinotanga kutsvairwa zvisina kunaka.
D. Maerekitironi ari mupurasitiki anoenda kumvere dzemakwai uye anotsiviwa nemapurotoni, purasitiki yacho inochajwa zvakanaka.
Kukurukurirana
Chaji yemagetsi papurasitiki inobvumidzwa pasi rose kuti haina simba.
Plastiki, kana chero chinhu, inochaja zvisina kunaka nekuda kwemaerekitironi akawanda. Painokwiza purasitiki nemvere, zvinogumiswa kuti maerekitironi anotamiswa kubva pamvere kuenda kupurasitiki.
Mhinduro chaiyo ndiA.
20. Pane bhora remuchina wekufambisa mhepo rine chaji isina kunaka P uye mabhora mana emuchina wekufambisa mhepo ane Q, R, S, T ayo chaji dzawo dzisingazivikanwe.
Kana bhora P rikaswededzwa pedyo rinokwezva Q uye rinodzinga S. Panguva imwe cheteyo bhora Q rinodzinga R, uye bhora S rinodzinga T. Kana bhora P rikaswededzwa pedyo nemabhora R na T, ipapo masimba achapfuudzwa zvakateerana...
A. kudhonza hondo nekudhonza hondo
B. kuramba kuramba uye kuramba kuramba
C. kudzinga uye kukwezva
D. kukwezva uye kudzinga
Kukurukurirana
P ine mhosva yekunyepa.
P inokwezva Q kuitira kuti Q ive nechaji yemagetsi yakanaka.
P inodzinga S kuitira kuti S ive nechaji yemagetsi isina kunaka.
Q inodzinga R kuitira kuti R ive nechaji yemagetsi yakanaka.
S inodzinga T kuitira kuti T ive nechaji yemagetsi isina kunaka.
Kana bhora P rikaswededzwa pedyo nebhora R, zvinokwezvana.
Kana bhora P rikaswededzwa pedyo nebhora T, zvinodzingana.
Mhinduro chaiyo ndiD.
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