Muenzaniso weUniformly Accelerated Linear Motion (GLBB)
Uniformly Accelerated Linear Motion (GLBB) inyaya inokosha mufizikisi inowanzoonekwa muzvidzidzo zvechikoro chesekondari. GLBB kufamba kwechinhu mumutsara wakatwasuka nekukurumidzisa nguva dzose. Muchinyorwa chino, tichakurukura tsananguro, mafomula ekutanga, uye mienzaniso yakati wandei yezvinetso zveGLBB nemhinduro dzazvo.
Tsanangudzo yeUniformly Accelerated Linear Motion (GLBB)
Kufamba kweUniformly Accelerated Linear Motion (GLBB) kufamba kwechinhu chiri mumutsara wakatwasuka nekukurumidzisa nguva dzose. Kukurumidzisa nguva dzose zvinoreva kuti mwero wekuchinja kwekukurumidza kwechinhu unoramba wakachinjika nekufamba kwenguva. GLBB inogona kukamurwa kuita mhando mbiri:
1. GLBB Inokurumidza: Chinhu chacho chinowana kukurumidza kwakanaka (kumhanya kunowedzera).
2. GLBB Yaderera: Chinhu chacho chinowana kukurumidza kusina kunaka (kumhanya kunoderera).
Fomura Yekutanga yeGLBB
Mamwe mafomura ekutanga muGLBB anowanzoshandiswa ndeaya:
1. Fomura yekumhanya kwekupedzisira (v):
\[ v = v_0 + pa \]
Di mana:
– \( v \) = kumhanya kwekupedzisira (m/s)
– \( v_0 \) = kumhanya kwekutanga (m/s)
– \( a \) = kukurumidza (m/s²)
– \(t \) = nguva (s)
2. Fomura yekureba:
\[ s = v_0 t + \frac{1}{2} pa^2 \]
Di mana:
– \( s \) = daro rakafambwa (m)
– \( v_0 \) = kumhanya kwekutanga (m/s)
– \( a \) = kukurumidza (m/s²)
– \(t \) = nguva (s)
3. Fomura yekumhanya uye daro rakafambwa:
\[ v^2 = v_0^2 + 2 se \]
Di mana:
– \( v \) = kumhanya kwekupedzisira (m/s)
– \( v_0 \) = kumhanya kwekutanga (m/s)
– \( a \) = kukurumidza (m/s²)
– \( s \) = daro rakafambwa (m)
Muenzaniso weMatambudziko neMhinduro dzeGLBB
Heano mimwe mienzaniso yezvinetso zveGLBB pamwe chete nematanho ekugadzirisa.
Muenzaniso Mubvunzo 1
Mubvunzo:
Mota inofamba nekumhanya kwekutanga kwe20 m/s uye inokurumidza kusvika 2 m/s². Verenga kumhanya kwemota mushure memasekonzi mashanu!
Mhinduro:
Zvinozivikanwa:
– Kumhanya kwekutanga (\( v_0 \)) = 20 m/s
– Kukurumidza (\( a \)) = 2 m/s²
– Nguva (\( t \)) = masekondi mashanu
Kushandisa fomura yekupedzisira yekumhanya:
\[ v = v_0 + pa \]
\[ v = 20 + (2 \kawanza 5) \]
\[v = 20 + 10 \]
\[ v = 30 \, \text{m/s} \]
Saka, kumhanya kwemotokari mushure memasekonzi mashanu i30 m/s.
Muenzaniso Mubvunzo 2
Mubvunzo:
Chinhu chinofamba nekumhanya kwekutanga kwe10 m/s chinowana kukurumidza kwe -3 m/s². Sarudza daro rakafambwa nechinhu ichi mumasekonzi mana.
Mhinduro:
Zvinozivikanwa:
– Kumhanya kwekutanga (\( v_0 \)) = 10 m/s
– Kukurumidza (\( a \)) = -3 m/s²
– Nguva (\( t \)) = masekondi mashanu
Uchishandisa fomura yekureba:
\[ s = v_0 t + \frac{1}{2} pa^2 \]
\[ s = (10 \kawa 4) + \frac{1}{2} (-3) (4)^2 \]
\[ s = 40 + \frac{1}{2} (-3) \kawa 16 \]
\[s = 40 – 24 \]
\[ s = 16 \, \text{m} \]
Saka, daro rakafambwa nechinhu ichi mumasekonzi mana i16 metres.
Muenzaniso Mubvunzo 3
Mubvunzo:
Mudhudhudhu unotanga wakamira (kumhanya kwekutanga 0 m/s) unomhanyisa ne5 m/s². Sarudza kumhanya kwemudhudhudhu mushure mekufamba chinhambwe chemamita makumi mashanu.
Mhinduro:
Zvinozivikanwa:
– Kumhanya kwekutanga (\( v_0 \)) = 0 m/s
– Kukurumidza (\( a \)) = 5 m/s²
– Kureba kwatakafamba (\( s \)) = mamita makumi mashanu
Kushandisa fomura yekumhanya uye daro:
\[ v^2 = v_0^2 + 2 se \]
\[ v^2 = 0 + 2 \kawa 5 \kawa 50 \]
\[ v^2 = 500 \]
\[ v = \sqrt{500} \]
\[ v = 22,36 \, \text{m/s} \]
Saka, kumhanya kwemudhudhudhu mushure mekufamba chinhambwe chemamita makumi mashanu i22,36 m/s.
Muenzaniso Mubvunzo 4
Mubvunzo:
Chinhu chinofamba nekumhanya kwekutanga kwe15 m/s uye chinodzikira ne4 m/s² kusvika chamira. Zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kuti chinhu chimire?
Mhinduro:
Zvinozivikanwa:
– Kumhanya kwekutanga (\( v_0 \)) = 15 m/s
– Kumhanya kwekupedzisira (\( v \)) = 0 m/s
– Kukurumidza (\( a \)) = -4 m/s²
Kushandisa fomura yekupedzisira yekumhanya:
\[ v = v_0 + pa \]
\[ 0 = 15 + (-4) t \]
\[ -15 = -4 t \]
\[t = \frac{15}{4} \]
\[t = 3,75 \, \text{seconds} \]
Saka, nguva inotorwa kuti chinhu chimire imasekondi 3,75.
Muenzaniso Mubvunzo 5
Mubvunzo:
Mota inofamba nekumhanya kwekutanga kwe25 m/s uye inomhanya ne3 m/s² kwemasekonzi matanhatu. Sarudza daro rakafambwa nemota panguva iyi.
Mhinduro:
Zvinozivikanwa:
– Kumhanya kwekutanga (\( v_0 \)) = 25 m/s
– Kukurumidza (\( a \)) = 3 m/s²
– Nguva (\( t \)) = masekondi mashanu
Uchishandisa fomura yekureba:
\[ s = v_0 t + \frac{1}{2} pa^2 \]
\[ s = (25 \kawa 6) + \frac{1}{2} (3) (6)^2 \]
\[ s = 150 + \frac{1}{2} (3) \kawa 36 \]
\[s = 150 + 54 \]
\[ s = 204 \, \text{m} \]
Saka, daro rinofukidzwa nemota mumasekonzi matanhatu i204 metres.
Mhedziso
Kufamba kweUniformly Accelerated Linear (GLBB) ipfungwa inokosha mufizikisi inotsanangura kufamba kwechinhu nekukurumidzisa nguva dzose. Kunzwisisa mafomula ekutanga eGLBB uye kukwanisa kuashandisa mumamiriro akasiyana-siyana hunyanzvi hwakakosha mufizikisi. Kuburikidza nemienzaniso iri pamusoro, tinogona kuona kuti mafomula aya anoshandiswa sei kuverenga kumhanya, daro, nenguva pasi pemamiriro akasiyana-siyana ekufamba. Nekudzidzira kwakakwana, kunzwisisa uku kweGLBB kunogona kusimbiswa uye kushandiswa kumatambudziko akaomarara efizikisi.
