Muenzaniso wemibvunzo yeParticle Dynamics

Mienzaniso gumi nemana yeMibvunzo yeParticle Dynamics

1. Bhokisi A rine huremu hwe5 kg rinoiswa panzvimbo yakatsetseka yakati sandara, bhokisi B rine huremu hwe3 kg rinoturikwa netambo uye rakabatana nebhokisi A kuburikidza nepulley, kana g = 10 m/s ² sarudza kukurumidza kwebhokisi!

A. 3,50 m/s²

B. 3,75 m/s ²

C. 4,00 m/s ²

D. 5,00 m/s ²

E. 5,25 m/s ²

Kukurukurirana

Zvinozivikanwa kuti:

Nzvimbo yakatsetseka yakati sandara.

Huremu hwebhuroko A (m _A ) = 5 kg

Huremu hwebhuroko B (m _B ) = 3 kg

Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = 10 m/s ²

Kurema kwebhuroko B (w _B ) = m _B g = (3)(10) = 30 Newton

Mubvunzo: Kukurumidza kwebhuroko (a)

Mhinduro:

Nzvimbo yakati sandara yakatsetseka saka hapana simba rekukweshana rinodzivisa kufamba kwebhokisi A. Simba rinofambisa sisitimu yebhokisi ndiro huremu hwebhokisi B.

ΣF = ma

w _B = (m _A + m _B ) a

30 = (5 + 3) a

30 = 8 a

a = 30 / 8

a = 3,75 m/s ²

Mhinduro chaiyo ndeiyi B.

2. Zvichibva pamufananidzo, zvinozivikanwa kuti:

(1) zero kukurumidza kwechinhu

(2) zvinhu zviri kufamba mumutsara wakatwasuka nekumhanya kwakasimba

(3) zvinhu zviri mumamiriro ekuzorora

(4) chinhu chinofamba kana huremu hwechinhu chacho huri pasi pesimba rekudhonza

Chirevo chechokwadi ndechekuti….

A. (1) na (2) chete

B. (1) uye (3) chete

C. (1) uye (4)

D. (1), (2) uye (3) chete

E. (1), (2), (3) uye (4)

Kukurukurirana

(1) zero kukurumidza kwechinhu

Kukurumidza kwechinhu izero kana simba rinobuda rakaenzana nezero. Simba rinobuda:

∑F = ma kukurumidza (a) = 0

∑ F = 0

F ₁ + F ₂ – F ₃ = 12 + 24 – 36 = 36 – 36 = 0 N

(2) zvinhu zviri kufamba mumutsara wakatwasuka nekumhanya kwakasimba

Kusakurumidza kwechinhu kunogona kureva kuti chinhu chacho chakamira kana kuti chinhu chacho chiri kufamba mumutsara wakatwasuka nekumhanya kusingachinji (chinhu chacho chiri kufamba nekumhanya kusingachinji).

(3) zvinhu zviri mumamiriro ekuzorora

Simba re zero rinogona kureva kuti chinhu chacho chakamira.

(4) chinhu chinofamba kana huremu hwechinhu chacho huri pasi pesimba rekudhonza

Huremu hwechinhu hunoshanda hwakamira, ukuwo simba rekudhonza richishanda rakamira. Nekuti chinhu chinofamba chakati twasu, masimba akati twasu chete ndiwo anokanganisa chinhu chacho.

Mhinduro chaiyo ndiD.

3. Tarisa mufananidzo uri padivi!

Kana coefficient ye kinetic friction iri pakati peblock A netafura iri 0,1 uye kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negravity kuri 10 m/s^-2 ipapo simba rinofanira kuiswa kuna A kuitira kuti sisitimu ifambe kuruboshwe nekukurumidzisan 2 ms^-2 iri….

A. 70 N

B. 90 N

C. 150 N

D. 250 N

E. 330 N

Kukurukurirana

Zvinozivikanwa kuti:

Huremu hwebhuroko A (m _A ) = 30 kg

Kurema kwebhuroko A (w _A ) = (30 kg)(10 m/s ² ) = 300 kg m/s ² kana 300 Newton

Huremu hwebhuroko B (m _B ) = 20 kg

Kurema kwebhuroko B (w _B ) = (20 kg)(10 m/s ² ) = 200 kg m/s2 kana 200 Newtons

Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = 10 m/s ²

Kukweshana kwekinetic (= = 0,1

Kukurumidza kwehurongwa (a) = 2 m/s ² (gwara rekumhanya kuruboshwe)

Simba rekukweshana kweKinetic (f)_k) = N= w_A = (0,1)(300) = 30 Newton

Mubvunzo: Simba F rakakura sei?

Mhinduro:

Mutemo Wechipiri waNewton:

Σ F = ma

Sisitimu inoenda kuruboshwe

F – f _k – w _B = (m _A + m _B ) a

F – 30 – 200 = (30 + 20)(2)

F – 230 = (50)(2)

F – 230 = 100

F = 230 + 100

F = 330 Newton

Mhinduro chaiyo ndiE.

4. Zvinhu zviviri A naB, zvine huremu hwe2 kg ne6 kg, zvinosungwa netambo kuburikidza nepulley yakatsetseka sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo. Kutanga, chinhu B chinobatwa uye chobva chasunungurwa. Kana g = 10 ms ^-2 saka kukurumidza kwechinhu B kuri...

A. 8,0 ms^-2

B. 7,5 ms ^-2

C. 6,0 ms ^-2

D. 5,0 ms ^-2

E. 4,0 ms ^-2

Kukurukurirana

Zvinozivikanwa kuti:

m _A = 2 kg, m _B = 6 kg, g = 10 m/s ²

w _A = (m _A )(g) = (2)(10) = 20 N

w _B = (m _B )(g) = (6)(10) = 60 N

Mubvunzo: kukurumidza kwechinhu B kana kukurumidza kwehurongwa?

Mhinduro:

w _B > w _A saka chinhu B chinodzika, chinhu A chinokwira kumusoro (system inofamba newachi).

Σ F = ma

w _B – w _A = (m _A + m _B ) a

60 – 20 = (2 + 6) a

40 = (8) a

a = 5 m/s ²

Mhinduro chaiyo ndiD.

5. Chinhu chine huremu chinobatanidzwa netambo inopfuura nemupuri yakatsetseka sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo. Kana m ₁ = 1 kg, m ₂ = 2 kg, uye g = 10 ms ^-2 , saka kusimba T kuri ….

A. 10,2 N

B. 13,3 N

C. 15,5 N

D. 18,3 N

E. 20,0 N

Kukurukurirana

Zvinozivikanwa kuti:

m ₁ = 1 kg, m ₂ = 2 kg, g = 10 m/s ²

w ₁ = m ₁ g = (1 kg)(10 m/s ² ) = 10 kg m/s ² kana 10 Newtons

w ₂ = m ₂ g = (2 kg)(10 m/s ² ) = 20 kg m/s ² kana 20 Newtons

Mubvunzo: Chii chinonzi simba rekumanikidza retambo (T)?

Mhinduro:

Kukurumidzisa sisitimu

w ₂ > w ₁ saka sisitimu inofamba newachi (m ₂ inofamba pasi, m ₁ inofamba mudenga).

Mutemo Wechipiri waNewton:

Σ F = ma

w ₂ – w ₁ = (m ₁ + m ₂ ) a

20 – 10 = (1 + 2) a

10 = (3) a

a = 3,3 m/s ²

Kukurumidza kwehurongwa i3,3 m/s ².

Kushushikana kwetambo?

m2 _inodzika pasi

w ₂ – T ₂ = m ₂ a

20 – T ₂ = (2)(3,33)

20 – T ₂ = 6,66

T ₂ = 20 – 6,66

T ₂ = 13,3 Newton

m1 _inokwira kumusoro

T ₁ – w ₁ = m ₁ a

T ₁ – 10 = (1)(3,3)

T ₁ – 10 = 3,33

T ₁ = 10 + 3,33

T ₁ = 13,3 Newton

Kubata kwetambo (T) = 13,3 Newton.

Mhinduro chaiyo ndeiyi B.

6. Tarisa mufananidzo uri padivi! Huremu hwemabhuroko ndi m ₁ = 6 kg uye m ₂ = 4 kg, uye huremu hwepulley hahuna hanya. Kana pamusoro pendege pakatsetseka uye g = 10 ms ⁻² , saka kukurumidza kwehurongwa kuri….

A. 0,5 ms^-2

B. 2,0 ms ⁻²

C. 2,5 ms ⁻²

D. 4,0 ms ⁻²

E. 5,0 ms ⁻²

Kukurukurirana

Zvinozivikanwa kuti:

m ₁ = 6 kg, m ₂ = 4 kg, g = 10 m/s ²

w ₁ = m ₁ g = (6 kg)(10 m/s ² ) = 60 kg m/s ² kana 60 Newtons

w ₂ = m ₂ g = (4 kg)(10 m/s ² ) = 40 kg m/s ² kana 40 Newtons

Akabvunzwa: kukurumidza kwesystem (a)?

Mhinduro:

m ₁ iri panzvimbo yakatsetseka, isina kukweshana kuitira kuti sisitimu itungamirwe nesimba rinokwevera pasi reblock 2.

Shandisa mutemo wechipiri waNewton:

∑ F = ma

w ₂ = (m ₁ + m ₂ ) a

40 N = (6 kg + 4 kg) a

40 N = (10 kg) a

a = 40 N / 10 kg

a = 4 m/s ²

Mhinduro chaiyo ndiD.

7. Mabhuroko maviri, rimwe nerimwe rine huremu hwe2 kg, akabatanidzwa netambo nepulley sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo. Pamusoro nepulley zvakatsetseka. Kana bhuroko B rikadhonzwa nesimba rakatambanudzwa re40 N, kukurumidza kwebhuroko iri… (g = 10 m/s ² )

A. 5 m/s²

B. 7,5 m/s ²

C. 10 m/s ²

D. 12,5 m/s ²

E. 15 m/s ²

Kukurukurirana:

Zvinozivikanwa kuti:

m _A = m _B = 2 kg, g = 10 m/s ² , F = 40 N

w _A = mg = (2)(10) = 20 N

Mubvunzo: kukurumidza kwebhuroko (a)?

Mhinduro:

Pamusoro pechivharo chakatsetseka, saka masimba anokanganisa kufamba kwechivharo isimba F chete uye huremu hwechivharo A.

Shandisa mutemo wechipiri waNewton:

∑ F = ma

F – w _A = (m _A + m _B ) a

40 – 20 = (2 + 2) a

20 = (4) a

a = 20 / 4

a = 5 m/s ²

Mhinduro chaiyo ndiA.

8. Kubva pamufananidzo unotevera, bhokisi A rine huremu hwe2 kg uye bhokisi B = 1 kg. Bhokisi B rinotanga risina kumira uye rinodzika pasi kusvika rabata pasi. Kana g = 10 ms ^-2 , kukosha kwekumanikidzwa mutambo T ndiko...

A. 20,0 Newtons

B. 10,0 Newtons

C. 6,7 Newton

D. 3,3 Newton

E. 1,7 Newtons

Kukurukurirana

Zvinozivikanwa kuti :

Huremu hwebhuroko A (m _A ) = 2 kg

Huremu hwebhuroko B (m _B ) = 1 kg

Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = 10 m/s ²

Kurema kwebhuroko B (w _B ) = m _B g = (1)(10) = 10 Newton

Mubvunzo : Kukosha kwekumanikidzwa kwetambo (T)

Mhinduro :

Mumubvunzo hapana ruzivo nezve kukweshana, saka ingoregeredza kukweshana.

Kukurumidzisa sisitimu (a)

Kutanga, verenga kukurumidza kwehurongwa uchishandisa mutemo wechipiri waNewton. Bhokisi B rakasungirirwa kuitira kuti pave nesimba regiravhiti reBlock B rinofambisa bhokisi B pasi. Bhokisi B nebhokisi A zvakabatana netambo kuitira kuti bhokisi B ridhonze bhokisi A kusvika zvese zvafamba pamwe chete. Musiyano ndewekuti bhokisi B rinofamba pasi uye bhokisi A rinofamba kurudyi. Pane simba rimwe chete rakafanana nekufamba kwemabhuroko ese ari maviri, kureva giravhiti reBlock B (wB). Gwinya reBlock A rakatarisa divi rekufamba kweBlock A saka harifungirwi mukugadzirisa dambudziko. Simba rekumanikidzwa kwetambo rine hukuru hwakafanana patambo uye mativi akasiyana zvekuti zvinodzimana.

∑ F = ma

w _B = (m _A + m _B ) a

10 = (2 + 1) a

10 = 3 a

a = 10/3

Kubata tambo (T)

Kusimba kwetambo kunoverengwa nekutarisa bhuroko rega rega zvakasiyana.

Kushushikana kwetambo pabhuroko A

∑ F = ma

T = m _A a = (2)(10/3) = 20/3 = 6,7 Newtons

Kushushikana kwetambo pabhuroko B

∑ F = ma

w _B – T = m _B a

10 – T = (1)(10/3)

10 – T = 3,3

T = 10 – 3,3 = 6,7 Newton

Kubata kwetambo (T) = 6,7 Newton

Mhinduro chaiyo ndiC.

9. Kubva pamufananidzo unotevera, bhokisi A rine huremu hwe2 kg uye bhokisi B = 1 kg. Kana simba rekukweshana riri pakati pechinhu A nendege riri 2,5 Newton, nepo simba rekukweshana riri pakati petambo nepulley risingatariswe, saka kukurumidza kwezvinhu zviviri izvi...

A. 20,0 ms^-2

B. 10,0 ms ^-2

C. 6,7 ms ^-2

D. 3,3 ms ^-2

E. 2,5 ms ^-2

Kukurukurirana

Zvinozivikanwa kuti :

Huremu hwebhuroko A (m _A ) = 2 kg

Huremu hwebhuroko B (m _B ) = 1 kg

Simba rekukweshana riri pakati pebhuroko A nenzvimbo yakati sandara (f _{ges A} ) = 2,5 Newton

Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = 10 m/s ²

Kurema kwebhuroko B (w _B ) = m _B g = (1)(10) = 10 Newton

Mubvunzo : Kukurumidzisa zvinhu zvese zviri zviviri (a)

Mhinduro :

Kukurumidza kwezvinhu zvose kunoverengerwa uchishandisa fomura yechipiri yaNewton.

∑ F = ma

w _B – f _ges = (m _A + m _B ) a

10 – 2,5 = (2 + 1) a

7,5 = 3 a

a = 7,5 / 3 = 2,5 m/s ²

Mhinduro chaiyo ndiE.

10. Tarisa mufananidzo! Bhokisi A rine huremu hwe30 kg rakarara pasi rakatsetseka rakabatana nebhokisi B rine huremu hwe10 kg kuburikidza nepulley. Bhokisi B rinotanga rabatwa rozosunungurwa kuitira kuti ridzike pasi. Kukurumidza kwehurongwa kuri… (g = 10 ms ^-2 )

A. 2,5 ms^-2

B. 10 ms ^-2

C. 12 ms ^-2

D. 15 ms ^-2

E. 18 ms ^-2

Kukurukurirana

Zvinozivikanwa kuti :

Huremu hwebhuroko A (m _A ) = 30 kg

Huremu hwebhuroko B (m _B ) = 10 kg

Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = 10 m/s ²

Kurema kwebhuroko B (w _B ) = m _B g = (10)(10) = 100 Newton

Mubvunzo : Kukurumidzisa kwesystem (a)

Mhinduro :

∑ F = ma

w _B = (m _A + m _B ) a

100 = (30 + 10) a

100 = 40 a

a = 100 / 40

a = 2,5 m/s ²

Mhinduro chaiyo ndiA.

11. Mabhuroko A naB, rimwe nerimwe rine huremu hwe8 kg uye 12 kg, akaiswa patafura sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo. Kukweshana pakati pebhuroko A netafura i0,3. Bhuroko C, rine huremu hwe4 kg, rinoiswa pamusoro pebhuroko A. Ndechipi chezvirevo zvinotevera chakarurama?

A. Kumanikidzwa kwetambo kwakakura kupfuura kare, kukurumidza kwacho kwakaderera pane kare

B. Kusimba kwetambo uye kukurumidza kwehurongwa hazvichinje.

C. Kumanikidzwa kwetambo kudiki pane kare, kukurumidza kwacho kwakakura kupfuura kare.

D. Kumanikidzwa kwetambo kwakakura kupfuura kare, kukurumidza kunoramba kuripo.

E. Kumanikidzwa kwetambo kunoramba kuripo ukuwo kumhanya kuri kudiki pane kare.

Kukurukurirana

Zvinozivikanwa kuti:

Huremu hwebhuroko A (m _A ) = 8 kg

Huremu hwebhuroko B (m _B ) = 12 kg

Huremu hwebhuroko C (mC ₎ = 4 kg

Muganho wekukweshana pakati pebhuroko A netafura ( μ _k ) = 0,3

Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = 10 m/s ²

Huremu hwebhuroko A (w _A ) = m _A g = (8 kg)(10 m/s ² ) = 80 kg m/s ²

Huremu hwebhuroko B (w _B ) = m _B g = (12 kg)(10 m/s ² ) = 120 kg m/s ²

Simba rekukweshana riri pakati pebhuroko A netafura (f _k ) = μ _k N _A = μ _k w _A = (0,3)(80) = 24 N

Mhinduro:

Kukurumidzisa sisitimu:

Σ F = ma

w _B – f _k = (m _A + m _B ) a

120 – 24 = ( 8 + 12 ) a

96 = ( 20 ) a

a = 96 / 20

a = 4,8 m/s ²

Kubata tambo:

Funga nezve chimwe chezvinhu izvi, semuenzaniso B.

Σ F = ma

w _B – T = (m _B ) a

120 – T = ( 12 ) 4,8

120 – T = 57,6

T = 120 - 57,6

T = 62,4 Newton

Bhokisi C rine huremu hwe4 kg rinoiswa pamusoro pebhokisi A.

Kukurumidzisa sisitimu:

Σ F = ma

w _B – f _k = (m _A + m _B + m _C ) a

120 – 24 = ( 8 + 12 + 4 ) a

96 = ( 24 ) a

a = 96 / 24

a = 4 m/s ²

Kubata tambo:

Funga nezve chimwe chezvinhu izvi, semuenzaniso B.

Σ F = ma

w _B – T = (m _B ) a

120 – T = ( 12 ) 4

120 – T = 48

T = 120 - 48

T = 72 Newton

Mhinduro chaiyo ndiA.

12. Kubva pamufananidzo unotevera, bhokisi A rine huremu hwe2 kg uye bhokisi B = 1 kg. Bhokisi B rinotanga risina kumira uye rinodzika pasi kusvika rabata pasi. Kana g = 10 ms ^-2 , kukosha kwekumanikidzwa mutambo T ndiko...

A. 20,0 Newtons
B. 10,0 Newtons
C. 6,7 Newton
D. 3,3 Newton
E. 1,7 Newtons

Kukurukurirana
Zvinozivikanwa :
Huremu hwebhuroko A (m)_A) = 2 kg
Huremu hwebhuroko B (m_B) = 1 kg
Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = 10 m/s²
Kurema kwebhuroko B (w)_B) = m_B g = (1)(10) = 10 Newton
Akabvunzwa : Kukosha kwekumanikidzwa kwetambo (T)
Jawab :

Mumubvunzo hapana ruzivo nezve kukweshana, saka ingoregeredza kukweshana.

Kukurumidzisa sisitimu (a)
Kuverengwa kwekutanga kukurumidza system uchishandisa fomura Mutemo wechipiri waNewton. Bhokisi B rakaturikwa kuitira kuti pave nesimba regiravhiti rebhuroko B rinofambisa bhokisi B pasi. Bhokisi B nebhokisi A zvakabatana netambo kuitira kuti bhokisi B ridhonze bhokisi A kusvika zvese zvafamba pamwe chete. Musiyano ndewekuti bhokisi B rinofamba pasi uye bhokisi A rinofamba kurudyi. Pane simba rimwe chete rakafanana nekufamba kwemabhuroko ese ari maviri, kureva simba regiravhiti rebhuroko B (wB). Simba regiravhiti bhokisi A rakanangana nekwakatangira kufamba kwebhokisi A saka haritariswe pakugadzirisa dambudziko. Masimba ekumanikidzwa ari mutambo ane hukuru hwakafanana pakureba kwetambo uye ari kumativi akasiyana saka anodzimana.
∑F = ma
w_B = (m_A +m_B) a
10 = (2 + 1) a
10 = 3 a
a = 10/3

Kubata tambo (T)
Kusimba kwetambo kunoverengwa nekutarisa bhuroko rega rega zvakasiyana.
Kushushikana kwetambo pabhuroko A
∑F = ma
T = m_A a = (2)(10/3) = 20/3 = 6,7 Newtons
Kushushikana kwetambo pabhuroko B
∑F = ma
w_B – T = m_B a
10 – T = (1)(10/3)
10 – T = 3,3
T = 10 – 3,3 = 6,7 Newton
Kubata kwetambo (T) = 6,7 Newton
Mhinduro chaiyo ndiC.

13. Kubva pamufananidzo unotevera, bhokisi A rine huremu hwe2 kg uye bhokisi B = 1 kg. Kana simba rekukweshana pakati pechinhu A ne 2,5 Newton plane, nepo simba rekukweshana kwetambo nepulley richiregeredzwa, ipapo kukurumidza kwezvinhu zviviri kuri...

A. 20,0 ms^-2
B. 10,0 ms^-2
C. 6,7 ms^-2
D. 3,3 ms^-2
E. 2,5 ms^-2

Kukurukurirana
Zvinozivikanwa :
Huremu hwebhuroko A (m)_A) = 2 kg
Huremu hwebhuroko B (m_B) = 1 kg
Simba rekukweshana riri pakati pebhuroko A nenzvimbo yakati sandara (f)_{ges A}) = 2,5 Newton
Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = 10 m/s²
Kurema kwebhuroko B (w)_B) = m_B g = (1)(10) = 10 Newton
Akabvunzwa : Kukurumidzisa kwezvinhu zvese zviri zviviri (a)
Jawab :
Kukurumidza kwezvinhu zvose kunoverengerwa uchishandisa fomura yechipiri yaNewton.
∑F = ma
w_B - f_ges = (m_A +m_B) a
10 – 2,5 = (2 + 1) a
7,5 = 3 a
a = 7,5 / 3 = 2,5 m/s²
Mhinduro chaiyo ndiE.

14. Tarisa mufananidzo! Bhokisi A rine huremu hwe30 kg rakarara pasi rakatsetseka rakabatana nebhokisi B rine huremu hwe10 kg kuburikidza nepulley. Bhokisi B rinotanga rabatwa rozoburitswa kuitira kuti ridzike pasi. Kumhanya kwehurongwa uku… (g = 10 m/s^-2)
A. 2,5 ms^-2
B. 10 ms^-2
C. 12 ms^-2
D. 15 ms^-2
E. 18 ms^-2
Kukurukurirana
Zvinozivikanwa :
Huremu hwebhuroko A (m)_A) = 30 kg
Huremu hwebhuroko B (m_B) = 10 kg
Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = 10 m/s²
Kurema kwebhuroko B (w)_B) = m_B g = (10)(10) = 100 Newton
Akabvunzwa : Kukurumidzisa sisitimu (a)
Jawab :
∑F = ma
w_B = (m_A +m_B) a
100 = (30 + 10) a
100 = 40 a
a = 100 / 40
a = 2,5 m/s²
Mhinduro chaiyo ndiA.

Kwakabva mubvunzo:

Mibvunzo yeNational Examination Physics yeChikoro Chesekondari/Chikoro Chepamusoro Chebasa