Mienzaniso mitatu yemibvunzo yegirazi remaziso
1. Ngatitii shamwari yako yakapfeka magirazi ane magirazi ane simba re -2 diopters. Magirazi egirazi kazhinji 2 cm kubva paziso.
(a) Shamwari yako ine magirazi lenzi yakakombama kana lenzi yakamoneredzwa ?
(b) Ndeupi urefu hwegirazi rinotarisisa zvinhu?
(c) Maziso eshamwari yako kuona zviri pedyo kana kuona zviri kure Kana uchiona zviri pedyo, ndechipi chinhambwe chiri kure kupfuura icho maziso ako anogona kuona? Kana uchiona zviri pedyo, ndechipi chinhambwe chiri pedyo kupfuura icho maziso ako anogona kuona?
Kukurukurirana
Zvinozivikanwa :
Simba remalenzi (P) = -2 diopters
Jawab :
(a) Lenzi ine ganda rakakombama kana kuti rakamonereka?
Simba relenzi harina kunaka, saka lenzi inoshandiswa irenzi isina kunaka, iro rinonzi lenzi yakakombama, iro rinonzi lenzi inochinja-chinja.
(b) Ndeupi urefu hwegirazi rinotarisisa zvinhu?
P = 1/f
-2 = 1/f
f = 1/-2 = -0,5 metres = -50 cm
Kureba kwefocal ye lenzi yakakombama ndeye 50 cm.
(c) Shamwari yako inoona zviri pedyo here kana kuti inoona zviri kure?
Kana lenzi inoshandiswa iri lenzi yakakombama, maziso eshamwari yako achave kuona zviri pedyoKana achiona zviri pedyo, ndechipi chinhambwe chiri kure icho maziso eshamwari yako anogona kuona?
Nzvimbo iri kure yeziso rakajairika haina magumo, nepo shamwari yako ichiona zviri kure saka daro riri kure kwazvo rinoonekwa neziso reshamwari yako harina magumo. Kuti ziso reshamwari yako rikwanise kuona zvinhu zviri kure zvisina magumo seziso rakajairika, lenzi yegirazi inofanira kuumba mufananidzo wechinhu chiri kure ne x cm pamberi pe lenzi. Mufananidzo uri pamberi pe lenzi yegirazi saka mufananidzo wacho wakamira uye uri wechokwadi (enzanisa tsananguro iri munyaya yacho). mufananidzo we lenzi yakakombama)Nekuti mufananidzo uri paindaneti, daro remufananidzo (s') harina kunaka. Saizvozvowo, kureba kwefocal yelenzi hakuna kunaka nekuti magirazi ane lenzi yakakombama.
-1/s' = 1/f – 1/s
-1/s' = -1/50 – 1/~ = -1/50 – 0
-1/s' = -1/50
s' = 50 cm
Kureba kwemufananidzo uri pamberi pegirazi remaziso i50 cm. Magirazi acho ari 2 cm pamberi peziso saka kureba kwemufananidzo uri pamberi peziso i50 cm + 2 cm = 52 cm. 52 cm ndiyo daro rakanyanya kurebesa rinogona kuonekwa neziso risingaonekwe zviri pedyo mudambudziko riri pamusoro apa. Kureba kwakanyanya kunogona kuonekwa neziso rakajairika inguva isingaperi.
2. Ngatitii musikana wako akapfeka magirazi ane magirazi mana e diopter. Magirazi acho anowanzova 2 cm pamberi pemaziso ake.
(a) Magirazi emusikana wako anoshandisa magirazi akakombama kana magirazi akajeka here?
(b) Ndeupi urefu hwegirazi rinotarisisa zvinhu?
(c) Musikana wako anoona zviri pedyo here kana kuti ari kuona zviri kure? Kana uri kuona zviri pedyo, ndechipi chinhambwe chiri kure kupfuura icho maziso ako anogona kuona? Kana uri kuona zviri pedyo, ndechipi chinhambwe chiri pedyo kupfuura icho ziso rinogona kuona?
Kukurukurirana
Zvinozivikanwa :
Simba remalenzi (P) = 4 diopters
Jawab :
(a) Lenzi ine ganda rakakombama kana kuti rakamonereka?
Simba relenzi rakanaka, saka lenzi inoshandiswa i lenzi yakanaka, inozivikanwawo se lenzi yakakombama, inozivikanwawo se lenzi inotenderera.
(b) Ndeupi urefu hwegirazi rinotarisisa zvinhu?
P = 1/f
4 = 1/f
f = 1/4 = 0,25 metres = 25 cm
Kureba kwefocal ye lens ine convex i25 cm.
(c) Shamwari yako inoona zviri pedyo here kana kuti inoona zviri kure?
Kana lenzi yaunoshandisa iri lenzi yakapinza, maziso emusikana wako achave kuona zviri kureKana uchiona zviri pedyo, ndechipi chinhambwe chiri pedyo icho ziso rinogona kuona?
Nzvimbo iri pedyo neziso rakajairika i25 cm. Kuti maziso emusikana wako akwanise kuona chinhu chiri kure ne25 cm sezvinoita ziso rakajairika, lenzi yegirazi inofanira kuumba mufananidzo uri kure ne x cm pamberi pe lenzi. Lenzi yegirazi iri 2 cm pamberi peziso, saka daro rechinhu chiri pamberi pe lenzi i25 cm - 2 cm = 23 cm. Mufananidzo uri pamberi pe lenzi yegirazi, saka mufananidzo wakamira uye uri wechokwadi (enzanisa tsananguro iri mumusoro wenyaya). mufananidzo wegirazi re convex)Mufananidzo wacho uri wepaindaneti, saka daro remufananidzo (s') rine chiratidzo chekuramba chiripo.
-1/s' = 1/f – 1/s
-1/s' = 1/25 – 1/23 = 23/575 – 25/575 = -2/575
-s' = 575/-2 = -287,5 cm = -2,875 mamita
s' = 287,5 cm = 2,875 mamita
Kureba kwemufananidzo uri pamberi pegirazi remaziso i287,5 cm. Kureba kwemufananidzo uri pamberi peziso i287,5 cm + 2 cm = 289,5 cm. 289,5 cm ndiyo daro riri pedyo rinogona kuonekwa neziso risingaoni zviri pedyo mudambudziko riri pamusoro apa. Kureba kwepedyo kunogona kuonekwa neziso risingaoni zviri nyore i25 cm.
3. Munhu anogona kuverenga zvakajeka ari kure ne 50 cm. Kuti averenge zvakajeka ari kure ne 30 cm, simba remagirazi emaziso rinodiwa nde…
A. 1/3 diopta
B. 2/3 diopters
C. 3/4 diopters
D. 4/3 diopters
Kukurukurirana
Munhu wacho ane dambudziko rekuona zviri pedyo, magirazi anoshandiswa kugadzirisa maziso ari pedyo ndiwo magirazi akajeka kana kuti magirazi anotenderera kana magirazi akanaka.
Kuti chinhu chionekwe chiri kure ne30 cm pamberi peziso, lenzi inofanira kuumba mufananidzo uri kure ne50 cm pamberi peziso. Mufananidzo uri pamberi pelenzi, saka mufananidzo wacho wakamira uye uri wepakombiyuta.
Zvinozivikanwa kuti:
Kureba kwechinhu = 30 cm
Daro remufananidzo (s') = -50 cm (negative nekuti iri paindaneti)
Mubvunzo: Simba reLenzi (P)
Mhinduro:
Kureba kwefocal (f) yelenzi:
1/f = 1/s + 1/s'
1/f = 1/30 + 1/-50
1/f = 5/150 – 3/150
1/f = 2/150
f = 150/2 = 75 cm = 0,75 mamita = 75/100 mamita
Kureba kwakanaka kwefocal zvinoreva kuti lenzi inoshandiswa igirazi rakapinza.
Simba reLenzi:
P = 1/f
P = 1 : 75/100 = 1 x 100/75
P = 100/75 (govanisa ne25)
P = 4/3 diopters
Mhinduro chaiyo ndiD.
Mibvunzo nezve Magirazi Emaziso
1. Mumwe munhu anoshandisa kacamata ine simba re -2,5 diopters. Kana lenzi yegirazi iri 2 cm kubva paziso, sarudza:
(a) Magirazi anoshandisa magirazi ane convex here kana kuti akakombama?
(b) Ndeipi nzvimbo yakatarisana negirazi remaziso?
(c) Maziso emunhu wacho anoona zviri pedyo here kana kuti ari kure? Kana uchiona zviri pedyo, ndechipi chinhambwe chiri kure kupfuura icho maziso ako anogona kuona? Kana uchiona zviri pedyo, ndechipi chinhambwe chiri pedyo kupfuura icho ziso rinogona kuona?
Kiyi yemhinduro:
a = lenzi yakatsaukana = lenzi isina kunaka = lenzi….
b = 40 masendimita
c = Chitatu Chirefu. Daro riri kure = 42 cm
2. Ngatitii mukomana wako wekare anoshandisa kacamata ine simba re4,5 diopters 🙂 . Kana lenzi yegirazi iri 2 cm kubva paziso, sarudza:
(a) Magirazi ewaimbova mukomana wako aishandisa magirazi akakombama kana kuti akamonereka here?
(b) Ndeipi nzvimbo yakatarisana negirazi remaziso?
(c) Aimbova mukomana wako anoona zviri pedyo here kana kuti anoona zviri kure? Kana achiona zviri kure, ndechipi chinhambwe chiri kure kupfuura zvimwe zvose icho ziso rinogona kuona? Kana achiona zviri kure, ndechipi chinhambwe chiri pedyo kupfuura zvimwe zvose icho ziso rinogona kuona?
Kiyi yemhinduro:
a = lenzi inoungana = lenzi yakanaka = lenzi….
b = 22,2 masendimita
c = Kuona zviri pedyo. Daro riri pedyo = 13,3 cm
