Fizikisi yeChikoro Chesekondari

Mazano ehupenyu hwakanaka hweFizikisi yeMwoyo

Zvinyorwa nezve Heart Fizikisi Mazano ekurarama hupenyu hune hutano

Mvura inoyerera kubva kumusoro kuenda pasi, senge mvura yemvura, nzizi, kana mvura yepombi. Zvisinei, mvura haigone kuyerera kubva kumusoro kuenda kumusoro. Semuenzaniso, mvura yetsime haigone kuyerera kubva mutsime kuenda kudhamu yoga, ichida simba remunhu kana remakanika. Musiyano mukuru pakati petsime nedhamu, simba rinodiwa rinokura.

Mufizikisi , mvura imvura. Mvura chinhu chinogona kuyerera uye kuramba chakamira. 🙂 Mumwe muenzaniso wemvura iropa.

Fomura yedunhu reCapacitor

Capacitor ine capacitance chaiyo. Kana capacitance inodiwa isipo, ma capacitor maviri kana anopfuura anogona kubatanidzwa kuti awane capacitance inodiwa. Kuti ubatanidze ma capacitor nemazvo, kunzwisisa kwakakwana kwema capacitor circuits kwakakosha.

Usati wadzidza ma capacitor circuits, tanga wanzwisisa zviratidzo. Fomura yedunhu reCapacitor 1 Zvinotevera. Mitsetse miviri yakatwasuka iri muchiratidzo che capacitor inomiririra ma conductor maviri ari mu capacitor yeplate yakafanana. Muchiratidzo chebhatiri, mutsetse wakatwasuka wakareba unomiririra kugona kwepamusoro (+) uye mutsetse mupfupi wakatwasuka unomiririra kugona kwakaderera (-). Mitsetse yakatwasuka iri muzviratidzo zve capacitor nebhatiri inomiririra waya.

Kuchengetwa kwesimba remagetsi mu capacitor

Zvinhu zvekuchengetedza simba remagetsi muma capacitors

Capacitor inoumbwa nemaplates maviri/mapepa econductor uye pakati peconductors mbiri pane dielectric . Pakutanga, conductors ese ari maviri haana chaji yemagetsi. Kuti capacitor ishande, plate/pepa rega rega reconductor rinofanira kuchajiwa nemagetsi, uko huwandu hwechaji yemagetsi paconductor yega yega hwakafanana asi hwakasiyana. Semuenzaniso, conductor imwe ine chaji yeQ = +10 Coulomb uye imwe conductor ine chaji yeQ = -10 Coulomb. Kuvapo kwehukuru hwakafanana asi hwakapesana hwechaji yemagetsi pamaconductors ese kunogadzira munda wemagetsi pakati pemaplates maviri econductor, uko kutungamira kwemunda wemagetsi kuri kubva pachaji yakanaka kuenda pachaji yakaipa. Pamusoro pezvo, musiyano wesimba remagetsi unomukawo pakati peconductors mbiri, uko conductor yakachajiwa zvakanaka ine simba remagetsi rakawanda nepo conductor yakachajiwa zvakaipa ine simba remagetsi rakaderera.

Dielectric

Capacitor inogona kushanda kana maplate maviri/mapepa ekufambisa magetsi asingabatane kuitira kuti chaji yemagetsi isafambe kubva kune imwe conductor kuenda kune imwe. Saizvozvowo, kuitira kuti chaji yemagetsi isafambe kubva kune conductor kuenda kumhepo, nzvimbo iri pakati pemaconductor maviri inofanira kunge iri vacuum. Muchinyorwa nezve parallel plate capacitors, capacitance ye parallel plate capacitor yakakurukurwa, uko maplate maviri akaparadzaniswa ne vacuum. Capacitance ye capacitor mu vacuum ine miganhu, saka kuwedzera capacitance, dielectric inoiswa pakati pemaplate maviri/mapepa ekufambisa magetsi.

Tsanangudzo ye capacitor yeplate yakafanana

Capacitor yeplate yakafanana i capacitor ine maplate maviri akafanana kana ma conductor plates, plate imwe neimwe ine nzvimbo yakafanana (A) uye maplate maviri akaparadzaniswa nedaro rakati (d), sezviri mumufananidzo uri kuruboshwe. Muchinyorwa chino, fungidzira kuti maplate maviri e conductor akaparadzaniswa ne vacuum. Mumufananidzo, rimwe remaplate e conductor rakachajwa zvakanaka (+Q) nepo rimwe plate re conductor rakachajwa zvakaipa (-Q), uko huwandu hwemagetsi paplate imwe neimwe hwakafanana.

Kunzwisisa kugona

Girazi diki rinogona kutakura mvura shoma, nepo girazi guru richigona kutakura yakawanda. Girazi rakakura, ndiro rinogona kutakura mvura yakawanda. Saka, girazi rega rega rine kugona kwaro, kana chiyero chekubata mvura kwaro. Kufanana nemagirazi, ma capacitor anewo kugona kuchengetedza chaji yemagetsi uye simba remagetsi. Kugona kwe capacitor, kana chiyero chekugona kwayo kuchengetedza chaji yemagetsi uye simba remagetsi, kunonzi capacitance.

Tsanangudzo ye capacitor

Capacitor mudziyo unochengetedza chaji yemagetsi uye simba rinogona kushandiswa . Capacitor iri nyore ine maplate maviri ekufambisa kana machira akaiswa pedyo asi asingabatani, akaparadzaniswa neinsulator kana vacuum. Kondakita chinhu chinogona kuitisa magetsi, senge simbi, nepo insulator iri chinhu chisingakwanise kuitisa magetsi, senge purasitiki.

Kunzwisisa

Simba remagetsi rinotsanangurwa sesimba rinokwanisa kushandiswa pachikamu chimwe nechimwe chesimba remagetsi . Semuenzaniso, kana pachikamu a, simba remagetsi q riine simba rinokwanisa kushandiswa reEP _a , simba iri pachikamu a rinogadzirwa seizvi:

Tsananguro: V = simba remagetsi, EP = simba remagetsi, q = kuchaja kwemagetsi.

V haingoripo panzvimbo a chete asiwo panzvimbo dzese dziri mumunda wemagetsi . Poindi a inoshandiswa semuenzaniso. Sezvazvichatsanangurwa gare gare, kukosha kwayo hakutsamiri pachaji q.

Simba remagetsi rinogona kushandiswa

Usati wadzidza nyaya iyi, tanga wanzwisisa zviri pamusoro pefizikisi , masimba anochengetedza , simba remagetsi , mutemo waCoulomb neminda yemagetsi.

Simba remagetsi isimba rinochengetedza zvinhu

Kunze kwesimba rinokwevera pasi uye simba rechitubu, mumwe muenzaniso wesimba rinochengetedza isimba remagetsi. Kuti unzwisise zviri nani kuti sei simba remagetsi richinzi simba rinochengetedza, verenga tsananguro inotevera.

Ngatitii kune maplate maviri ane magetsi sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo, plate yekuruboshwe ine positive charge uye plate yerudyi ine negative charge.n negative. Museve uri pakati ndiro dzose dziri mbiri mitsetse yemagetsi yang kubva pakuchaja kwakanaka kuenda pakuchaja kusina kunaka. Chaja yakanaka iri pedyo neplate yakachaja zvakanaka.

Munda wemagetsi nekuda kwekuchaja kamwe chete

Kuverenga munda wemagetsi inogadzirwa nechaji imwe chete yakanaka, danho rekutanga nderekusarudza nzvimbo yeGaussian yakatenderera yeradius r uko pakati pebhora iri pachaji imwe chete. Nzvimbo yepamusoro pebhora i4.r².

Munda wemagetsi unobuda pakati pebhora unopinda wakananga pamusoro pebhora zvekuti fomura yemagetsi inoyerera Φ = E A. Fomura yemutemo waGauss ndeye Φ = Q / ε _o

Munda wemagetsi uri padanho riri kure ne r kubva pakuchaja kamwe chete ndewekuti: