Mashandiro Ezvishandiso zveBiomedical muIntensive Care
Munzvimbo dzevanorwara zvakanyanya dzakadai seIntensive Care Unit (ICU) neEmergency Department (ED), michina yekurapa ine basa rakakosha mukutarisa, kuongorora chirwere, uye kurapa varwere. Mabasa aya haangobatsiri chete mapoka ekurapa kupa rubatsiro runoshanda uye runoshanda asiwo anovandudza mikana yevarwere yekupora. Chinyorwa chino chichatsanangura mashandiro anoita mimwe michina yekurapa munzvimbo dzevanorwara zvakanyanya.
1. Muchina wekufema
Tsanangudzo uye Basa
Muchina wekufema mweya mudziyo unobatsira varwere vasingakwanisi kufema vega kana vane matambudziko makuru ekufema kufema. Muchina uyu unonyanya kukosha mumamiriro ezvinhu akadai sekurwadziwa kwekufema zvakanyanya, pneumonia yakanyanya, kana zvimwe zvirwere zvekufema.
Nzira dzekushanda
Mafeteria anoshandisa simba rakanaka kuendesa mhepo kana musanganiswa wegesi mumapapu emurwere. Heano matanho akajairika:
– Kufema: Muchina wekufema unosundira mweya mumapapu emurwere zvichienderana nehuwandu kana kumanikidzwa kwawakaita.
– Kufema: Murwere kana muchina unoburitsa mweya mumapapu.
– Kudzora neKutarisa: Mafekitori mazhinji ekufema ane masensa anogara achitarisa kumanikidzwa, huwandu, uye mwero weokisijeni, zvichipa ruzivo rwenguva chaiyo kuchikwata chekurapa kuti chigadziriswe zvimwe.
2. Mushonga wekudzikisa tsinga dzeropa
Tsanangudzo uye Basa
Defibrillator chishandiso chinoshandiswa kudzoreredza rhythm yemoyo yakajairika nekupa shock yemagetsi kumoyo. Chishandiso ichi chinowanzo shandiswa kana mwoyo wamira kana kuti stroke inouraya.
Nzira dzekushanda
– Kuongorora Mwoyo: Kana yashanda, defibrillator inoongorora myoyo yemurwere kuti ione kana zvichidikanwa kuti munhu arove nemagetsi.
– Kusvika Pakuvhunduka: Kana kuvhunduka kwemagetsi kuchionekwa sekudikanwa, kuvhunduka kwemagetsi kune simba guru kunoendeswa kumoyo. Izvi zvinokanganisa mashandiro emagetsi asina kujairika emwoyo, zvichiita kuti rhythm yemoyo idzokere payakajairika.
– Kuramba Uchitarisa: Ma defibrillator emazuva ano ane ma monitors anoratidza ECG (Electrocardiogram) uye anobvumira timu yezvekurapa kutarisa mamiriro emwoyo nguva dzose.
3. Muchina weHemodialysis
Tsanangudzo uye Basa
Michina yekuchenesa ropa inoshandiswa kuvarwere vane dambudziko reitsvo, uko itsvo dzisingakwanise kusvina tsvina nemvura yakawandisa kubva muropa. MuICU, kuchenesa ropa kunowanzo ponesa hupenyu hwevarwere vane matambudziko eitsvo.
Nzira dzekushanda
– Kutenderera Kweropa: Ropa remurwere rinotenderera kubva mumuviri kuburikidza nechubhu kuenda kumuchina we hemodialysis.
– Sefa yeRopa: Ropa rinozopfuura nemusefa kana kuti dialyzer inoshanda seitsvo yekugadzira. Pano, tsvina nemvura yakawandisa zvinobviswa muropa.
– Kudzoka Kweropa: Ropa rakaseferwa rinodzoserwa mumuviri wemurwere.
- Kuramba Uchitarisa: Muchina uyu une masensa anotarisa kumanikidzwa kweropa, kuyerera kweropa, uye kuenzana kwe electrolyte munguva chaiyo.
4. Mucherechedzi wevarwere
Tsanangudzo uye Basa
Chishandiso chekutarisa murwere chishandiso chinoshandiswa kutarisa mabasa emurwere, akadai sekurova kwemoyo, kumanikidzwa kweropa, oxygen saturation, uye tembiricha yemuviri. Chishandiso ichi chakakosha pakunyoresa nekukurumidza shanduko mumamiriro emurwere uye kugonesa kupindira kwechiremba panguva yakakodzera.
Nzira dzekushanda
– Kuunganidza Data: Kushandisa masensa akasiyana-siyana akaiswa pamuviri wemurwere kuunganidza data rakakosha.
– Kutumirwa uye Kuongororwa kweData: Data iri rinozounganidzwa uye kuratidzwa pamonitor, zvichibvumira timu yezvekurapa kutarisa mamiriro emurwere panguva chaiyo.
– MaAlarm neNyevero: Monitor iyi inewo alarm system inorira kana paine zvinhu zvisina kujairika zvikaonekwa, zvakaita sekuwedzera kweropa kana kudzikira kweoxygen saturation.
5. Pombi yekuisa mvura
Tsanangudzo uye Basa
Pombi yemushonga inopinza muropa remurwere inoendesa mvura, mishonga, uye zvinovaka muviri zvishoma nezvishoma uye nenzira inodzorwa. Mudziyo uyu unobatsira zvikuru pakurapa netsinga nemazvo.
Nzira dzekushanda
- Kugadzirisa uye Kugadzirisa: Mvura kana mushonga zvinoiswa mudura uye muchina wacho unogadziriswa kuti utarise huwandu hwemvura inopinzwa.
– Kuparadzirwa kwemvura: Muchina uyu unoshandisa kumanikidzwa kuendesa mvura kuburikidza nemutsara weIV zvakananga mutsinga yemurwere.
– Kutarisa uye Kugadzirisa: Muchina uyu une masensa ekutarisa kuyerera kwemhepo uye unogona kugadzirisa otomatiki kana zvichidikanwa. Alarm inorira kana paine chivharo kana bhegi remvura rava kuda kupera.
6. Muchina weElectrocardiogram (ECG)
Tsanangudzo uye Basa
ECG (electrocardiogram) inoshandiswa kunyora mashandiro emagetsi emwoyo. Ichi chishandiso chakakosha chekuongorora zvirwere zvakaita sekurwadziwa kwemoyo, kusagadzikana kwemoyo, nezvimwe zvirwere zvemoyo.
Nzira dzekushanda
– Kuiswa kweElectrode: Maelectrode akati wandei anoiswa panzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana pamuviri wemurwere, kazhinji pachipfuva, maoko, nemakumbo.
- Kuyerwa Kwebasa reMagetsi: Maelectrode aya anoona mashandiro emagetsi anokonzerwa nemoyo uye anotumira data kumuchina weECG.
– Kuratidzwa kweData: Data iri rinozoshandurwa kuita girafu kana kuti ECG waveform inoratidza zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvemoyo. Chikwata chekurapa chinoongorora maitiro aya kuti chiongororwe zvimwe.
Mhedziso
Midziyo iyi yekurapa inhengo dzakakosha dzevanorwara zvakanyanya, zvichibatsira kuponesa hupenyu nguva dzose. Nekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji yekurapa, michina iyi iri kuramba ichiwedzera kuomarara, zvichibvumira ruzivo rwakawanda panguva chaiyo uye kutariswa kwakarurama. Kunzwisisa kwakakwana mashandiro anoita michina iyi kwakakosha kune nyanzvi dzehutano, zvese kuti zviwedzere mabhenefiti ayo uye kuti vaone nzira dzakakodzera dzekurapa panguva yakakodzera. Saka, vari kuratidza kukosha mukuvandudza mhando uye kushanda zvakanaka kwehutano mumakamuri evanorwara zvakanyanya.
