Mamwe Makomputa Akakosha Eorganic Nekubatsira Kwawo
Pendauluan
Kemikari yeorganic ibazi rekemikari rinoongorora makemikari ekabhoni uye mashandiro awo. Makemikari eorganic, ayo anowanzo kuve nekabhoni, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, nesarufa, ndiwo hwaro hwehupenyu hwese pasi pano. Makemikari aya haasi ekukosha chete pahupenyu asiwo ane mashandisirwo akasiyana-siyana muindasitiri, mushonga, uye hupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Chinyorwa chino chichakurukura mamwe makemikari akakosha eorganic uye mashandisirwo awo akafara.
1. Glucose
Maumbirwo uye Zvivakwa
Glucose imonosaccharide ine fomura yemakemikari C6H12O6. Ndiyo sosi huru yesimba rezvinhu zvipenyu. Maumbirwo eglucose anogona kutsanangurwa seketani inotenderera ine maatomu matanhatu ekabhoni ane mapoka ehydroxyl akabatana nekabhoni yega yega.
Benefit
– Simba reBiological: Glucose ndiyo inonyanya kukosha pakugadzirwa kwemasero. Panguva yekufema kwemasero, glucose inoputswa kuita carbon dioxide nemvura, zvichigadzira ATP (adenosine triphosphate), iyo inonyanya kukosha pakugadzirwa kwemasero.
– Mashandisirwo Ekurapa: Muchimiro chedextrose (D-glucose), mushonga uyu unoshandiswa mumvura yemutsinga kuti upe simba nekukurumidza uye upe mvura mumuviri kuvarwere vanoda rubatsiro.
– Indasitiri Yezvekudya: Glucose inoshandiswa muzvigadzirwa zvekudya sechinotapira uye sesimba rinonyudzwa nyore nyore muzvikafu zvemitambo.
2. MaAmino Acids
Maumbirwo uye Zvivakwa
MaAmino acids imakemikari eorganic ane boka remaamino (-NH2) uye boka remacarboxyl (-COOH). Kune maamino acids makumi maviri akakosha anova maburi emapuroteni muchinhu chimwe nechimwe.
Benefit
– Mapuroteni: MaAmino acids ndiwo maburi eprotein, ayo akakosha pakukura, kugadzirisa tissue, uye kushanda kwema enzymes.
– Kurapa Zvirwere: Mamwe maamino acid, akadai seglutamine, anoshandiswa kutsigira kupora kwemaronda nekugadzirisa matumbu.
– Nutraceuticals: Mishonga yekuwedzera yeAmino acid, yakaita setetracycline, inoshandiswa kuvandudza hutano hwetsandanyama uye kushanda zvakanaka kwemuviri.
3. Ethanol (C2H5OH)
Maumbirwo uye Zvivakwa
Ethanol ndiyo doro rinonyanya kuzivikanwa rine fomura yemakemikari C2H5OH. Imvura isina ruvara, inopfava uye ine hwema hunoshamisa.
Benefit
– Mafuta: Ethanol inoshandiswa seimwe nzira yemafuta isingakuvadzi nharaunda kupfuura peturu.
– Indasitiri yeMakemikoro: Inoshandiswa semushonga muindasitiri yemishonga nemakemikari, pamwe chete sechinhu chekugadzira ethyl esters uye ethyl amines.
– Hutano: Ethanol chinhu chikuru mumishonga inouraya utachiona nemishonga inouraya utachiona nekuda kwekugona kwayo kuuraya tupukanana.
4. Acetic Acid (CH3COOH)
Maumbirwo uye Zvivakwa
Acetic acid iasidhi ine makemikari inonzi CH3COOH. Ndiyo inonyanya kukosha muvhiniga.
Benefit
– Indasitiri Yezvekudya: Vhiniga, iyo inonyanya kuumbwa neacetic acid, inoshandiswa semushonga wekuchengetedza uye wekuravira mukubika.
– Indasitiri yeMakemikoro: Acetic acid inoshandiswa sezvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa mukugadzira maester eacetate, ayo anoshandiswa sezvinhu zvinonyungudutsa muinki, machira, uye zvinonamira.
– Mishonga Yechisikigo: Mumishonga yemishonga yemishonga, acetic acid inoshandiswa semushonga wechisikigo kurapa hutachiona hwenzeve nezvimwe zvirwere zveganda.
5. Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid, C9H8O4)
Maumbirwo uye Zvivakwa
Aspirin iester inobva mu salicylic acid ne acetic anhydride. Ndiyo imwe yemishonga inonyanya kushandiswa mukurapa.
Benefit
– Mushonga wekurwadziwa: Aspirin inoshandiswa semushonga unonyaradza marwadzo kuti uderedze marwadzo ari pakati nepakati.
– Inodzivirira kuzvimba: Inoshandawo semushonga unoderedza kuzvimba nekuzvimba.
– Kudzivirira Zvirwere zveMwoyo: Aspirin inowanzo pihwa muzvipimo zvishoma kudzivirira kurwiswa kwemwoyo nekurohwa kwestroke kuvanhu vane njodzi huru.
6. MaPolymer eOrganic
Maumbirwo uye Zvivakwa
Mapolymer eorganic ane cheni refu dzemamorekuru akavakirwa pacarbon. Mimwe mienzaniso yakajairika inosanganisira polyethylene, polypropylene, uye polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
Benefit
– Plastiki: Iyi polymer inoshandiswa kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvepurasitiki zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoshandiswa muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva, kubva pakurongedza chikafu kusvika kumidziyo yemumba.
– Tekinoroji yeMembrane: Inoshandiswa mutekinoroji yemembrane yekuchenesa mvura nekupatsanura makemikari.
– Zvekurapa: Mapolymer anoshandiswa mukugadzira zvishandiso zvekurapa zvakaita secatheters ne stents, pamwe chete nemumasystem anodzorwa ekuburitsa mishonga.
7. Steroid
Maumbirwo uye Zvivakwa
MaSteroid zvinhu zvakasikwa zvine chimiro chemhete ina dzekabhoni dzakabatana. Mienzaniso inozivikanwa zvikuru yemasteroid icholesterol, testosterone, uye estrogen.
Benefit
– Mahormone: Masteroid akadai se testosterone ne estrogen ndiwo mahormone makuru anodzora mabasa akasiyana-siyana emuviri anosanganisira kukura pabonde, metabolism, uye masoja emuviri.
– Mishonga inorwisa kuzvimba: Corticosteroids, yakaita seprednisone, inoshandiswa kuderedza kuzvimba uye kurapa zvirwere zve autoimmune.
– Kuvaka Tsandanyama: MaAnabolic steroids anoshandiswa mukurapa uye dzimwe nguva zvisiri pamutemo kuwedzera tsandanyama uye kushanda zvakanaka kwemitambo.
8. Vhitamini C (Ascorbic Acid, C6H8O6)
Maumbirwo uye Zvivakwa
Vhitamini C ivhitamini inonyungudika mumvura ine basa rinosanganisira boka re enol muchimiro che lactone.
Benefit
– Antioxidant: Vitamin C inoshanda se antioxidant inodzivirira masero kubva mukukuvadzwa kwe oxidative.
– Kugadzirwa kweCollagen: Inodiwa pakugadzirwa kwecollagen, inokosha paganda, mapfupa, uye nhengo dzemuviri dzine hutano.
– Inovandudza Sistimu Yemuviri Yekudzivirira Kurwara: Inovandudza mashandiro edziviriro yemuviri uye inobatsira kudzivirira zvirwere zvinotapukira.
Mhedziso
Makemikoro eorganic ndiwo hwaro hwehupenyu uye anoita basa rakakosha muzvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvebiology, hutano, uye indasitiri. Kubva pakupa simba reglucose kusvika kuvhitamini C inowedzera simba remuviri, mabhenefiti anopa makemikoro aya akakosha. Kunzwisisa nekushandisa makemikoro aya eorganic hakungopfumisi kemikari chete asiwo kunobatsira zvikuru mukugara zvakanaka kwevanhu nekukura kwetekinoroji.
