Momwe Dongosolo la Kuwala kwa Backlight Limagwirira Ntchito pa Ma TV a LED
Pegantar
Ma TV a LED (Light Emitting Diode) akhala chisankho chomwe anthu ambiri amakonda, akupereka zithunzi zabwino kwambiri, kapangidwe kokongola, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu moyenera poyerekeza ndi ukadaulo wakale monga CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) kapena ma TV a plasma. Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma TV a LED aziwoneka bwino kwambiri ndi makina a backlight. Nkhaniyi ifotokoza momwe makina a backlight amagwirira ntchito pa ma TV a LED, kuyambira pa mfundo yoyambira mpaka ukadaulo waposachedwa womwe wagwiritsidwa ntchito.
1. Lingaliro Loyambira la Kuwala kwa Backlight pa Ma TV a LED
Kwenikweni, chophimba cha wailesi yakanema cha LED chimakhala ndi LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), chomwe sichingathe kupanga kuwala chokha. Ma LCD panels amafuna kuwala kwina kuti awonetse chithunzi chowoneka bwino komanso chowala. Apa ndi pomwe kuwala kwakumbuyo, kapena kuunikira kwakumbuyo, kumachita gawo lofunika kwambiri. Kuwala kwakumbuyo ndi njira yowunikira yomwe ili kumbuyo kapena m'mphepete mwa chiwonetsero, yomwe imawunikira LCD panel kuchokera kumbuyo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chithunzicho chiwonekere kwa wowonera.
2. Mitundu ya Kuwala Kwakumbuyo
Pali mitundu ingapo ya magetsi a backlight omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ma TV a LED, ndipo iliyonse ili ndi ubwino ndi kuipa kwake.
a. LED Yoyatsidwa ndi Mphepete
Edge-Lit ndi mtundu wa kuwala kwakumbuyo komwe ma LED amayikidwa m'mphepete kapena m'mbali mwa sikirini, ndipo kuwalako kumayendetsedwa kudzera mu chitsogozo cha kuwala kumbuyo kwa sikirini kuti kuunikire gulu lonse la LCD.
Ntchito:
- Kapangidwe kowonda kwambiri
- Kuchepetsa mtengo wopangira
Kukonzekera:
- Kusafanana kwa kuwala; mbali zina za sikirini zingawoneke zowala kapena zakuda kuposa zina.
- Kusiyanitsa kochepa poyerekeza ndi machitidwe a Full-Array.
b. LED Yokhala ndi Magawo Athunthu
Full-Array imapereka ma LED kumbuyo konse kwa gulu la LCD, zomwe zimathandiza kuti magetsi aziwala bwino komanso kuti pakhale malo owunikira osiyanasiyana.
Ntchito:
- Kuunikira kofanana bwino
- Kusiyana kwakukulu kudzera muukadaulo wa Local Dimming
Kukonzekera:
- Kapangidwe kokhuthala pang'ono
- Mitengo yokwera yopangira
c. Kuchepa kwa Madera
Kuchepetsa kuwala kwa malo ndi ukadaulo womwe nthawi zambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi machitidwe a Full-Array. Ukadaulo uwu umalola kuti madera enaake a kuwala kwakumbuyo azimitsidwe kapena kuchepetsedwa mphamvu, kutengera zomwe zili pazenera. Mwachitsanzo, madera a pazenera omwe ali ndi mitundu yakuda kapena yakuda amatha kuchepetsedwa mphamvu ya kuwala kwawo kuti awonjezere kusiyana ndi kuzama kwakuda.
3. Momwe Dongosolo la Kuwala Kwakumbuyo Limagwirira Ntchito
Titamvetsetsa mitundu ya magetsi akumbuyo, tiyeni tiwone momwe makina a magetsi akumbuyo amagwirira ntchito mwatsatanetsatane.
a. LED Yoyatsidwa ndi Mphepete
Mu dongosolo la Edge-Lit LED, ma LED amayikidwa m'mphepete mwa sikirini, pamwamba, pansi, kapena m'mbali. Kuunika kwa ma LED amenewa kumatsogozedwa kudzera muzinthu zingapo zowunikira ndi mbale zowongolera kuwala kuti zigawire kuwala pamwamba pa sikirini yonse. Ngakhale kuti n'kosavuta, vuto lalikulu la dongosololi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kuwala kufalikira mofanana popanda zotsatira za 'magazi' kapena 'halo' m'malo ena a sikirini.
b. LED Yokhala ndi Magawo Athunthu
Mu dongosolo la Full-Array LED, ma LED amayikidwa m'dera lonse kumbuyo kwa LCD panel. Dongosololi lili ndi choyatsira kuwala kuti chifalikire kuwala kwa LED mofanana pazenera lonse. Chifukwa ma LED amagawidwa mofanana, kugawa kuwala kuli bwino kuposa Edge-Lit. Kuphatikiza apo, dongosololi limathandizira ukadaulo wa Local Dimming, womwe umalola kuwongolera bwino kuwala kutengera zomwe zikuwonetsedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chithunzi chikhale chabwino kwambiri.
4. Ukadaulo Watsopano mu Dongosolo la Kuwala Kwakumbuyo
Kupatula kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo, makina owunikira kumbuyo pa ma TV a LED apitanso patsogolo kwambiri. Zina mwa ukadaulo waposachedwa wowunikira kumbuyo womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ma TV amakono a LED ndi awa:
a. Madontho a Kwantumu
Ukadaulo wa Quantum Dot umaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito ma nanocrystals a semiconductor omwe amapanga kuwala akamakumana ndi mphamvu. Ma Quantum Dots amatha kukonza mawonekedwe a chithunzi mwa kupereka mitundu yokulirapo komanso yolondola. Makina owunikira kumbuyo omwe amagwiritsa ntchito Quantum Dots nthawi zambiri amagawidwa ngati Full-Array ndipo amapangidwira kuti azigwira ntchito limodzi ndi ma LED abuluu kuti apange mitundu yeniyeni.
b. MicroLED
MicroLED ndi ukadaulo wamtsogolo womwe umagwiritsa ntchito ma LED ang'onoang'ono kwambiri pa sub-pixel iliyonse pazenera. Mosiyana ndi ma LED wamba, MicroLED imatha kupanga mitundu ndi kuwala popanda kufunikira gulu la LCD. Ngakhale kuti ikadali koyambirira kwa kapangidwe kake komanso yokwera mtengo, ukadaulo uwu umalonjeza mtundu wabwino kwambiri wazithunzi ndi mitundu yolondola kwambiri, kusiyana kwakukulu, komanso nthawi yoyankha mwachangu.
c. MiniLED
MiniLED ndi sitepe pakati pa ma LED achikhalidwe ndi ma MicroLED. Ukadaulo uwu umagwiritsa ntchito ma LED ang'onoang'ono kuposa ma LED achikhalidwe, zomwe zimathandiza kuti pakhale kulamulira kolondola pa madera owunikira. Ndi madera omwe amatha kulamuliridwa payekhapayekha, ukadaulo wa MiniLED umathandizira milingo yosiyana kwambiri ndipo umachepetsa mphamvu ya "halo".
5. Kesimpulan
Dongosolo la magetsi akumbuyo ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pa njira ya wailesi yakanema ya LED, zomwe zimakhudza mwachindunji mtundu wa chithunzi. Kuyambira pa ukadaulo wosavuta wa Edge-Lit mpaka machitidwe ovuta kwambiri monga Full-Array yokhala ndi Local Dimming, komanso zatsopano monga Quantum Dots, MicroLED, ndi MiniLED, kupita patsogolo kulikonse kwapangidwa kuti kuwonjezere kuunikira ndi mawonekedwe owonetsera. Kusankha kwabwino kwambiri kumadalira zosowa za wogwiritsa ntchito aliyense komanso bajeti yake. Kumvetsetsa momwe magetsi akumbuyo amagwirira ntchito ndi mitundu ya magetsi akumbuyo kungakuthandizeni kusankha wailesi yakanema ya LED yomwe ikugwirizana ndi zomwe mumakonda komanso zosowa zanu.
