Momwe Ma Panel a QLED Amagwirira Ntchito pa Ma TV Aposachedwa
M'zaka zaposachedwapa, ukadaulo wowonetsera makanema apa TV wakula mofulumira. Ngakhale kale anthu ankangodziwa LCD ndi LED ngati mawu wamba, tsopano mayina atsopano osiyanasiyana atuluka, monga OLED, Mini-LED, ndi QLED. Pakati pa njira izi, QLED yakhala imodzi mwa ukadaulo womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa ma TV apamwamba kwambiri chifukwa umapereka mitundu yowala, kuwala kwakukulu, komanso kulimba kwa sikirini. Komabe, anthu ambiri amadzifunsabe kuti: Kodi mapanelo a QLED amagwira ntchito bwanji m'ma TV aposachedwa? Nkhaniyi ikambirana mfundo zoyambira za QLED, zigawo zake, ndi ubwino wake ndi zofooka zake.
Kodi QLED ndi chiyani?
QLED imayimira Quantum-dot Light Emitting Diode. Ngakhale dzinali lili ndi mawu oti "LED," QLED si ukadaulo wowonetsera "wodzitulutsa wokha" monga OLED. Kawirikawiri, QLED ndi kusintha kwa LCD komwe kumagwiritsa ntchito gawo la quantum dot kuti liwongolere mtundu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mapanelo a QLED amadalirabe kuwala kwakumbuyo kuti apange kuwala, komwe kumakonzedwa kudzera m'magawo osiyanasiyana musanapange chithunzi pazenera.
Pachifukwa ichi, QLED nthawi zambiri imatchedwa LCD yokhala ndi madontho a quantum. Mu ma TV aposachedwa, QLED nthawi zambiri imaphatikizidwa ndi makina amakono owunikira monga Full Array Local Dimming (FALD) kapena Mini-LED, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri kuposa ma LCD a LED wamba.
Zigawo Zazikulu za QLED Panel
Kuti timvetse momwe QLED imagwirira ntchito, tiyenera kuyang'ana momwe zigawo zingapo zofunika zimakhalira mu gulu la wailesi yakanema, kuphatikizapo:
1. Kuwala kwakumbuyo
2. Mbale Yotsogolera Kuwala / Choyezera Kuwala (Choyezera Kuwala)
3. Gawo la Quantum Dot
4. Fyuluta ya Mitundu
5. Gawo la Crystal la Madzi
6. Polarizer (Fyuluta Yopoletsa)
7. TFT Layer (Pixel Control Transistor)
Chigawo chilichonse chili ndi ntchito yakeyake, ndipo zonse zimagwira ntchito limodzi kuti chithunzi chomwe mukuwona pazenera chikhale chowala, chakuthwa, komanso cholondola pamitundu.
Masitepe a Momwe QLED Panel Imagwirira Ntchito
1. Kuwala kwa kumbuyo kumapanga kuwala koyambira
Popeza QLED imagwiritsa ntchito LCD, gwero lalikulu la kuwala limachokera ku kuwala kwakumbuyo. Mbadwo waposachedwa wa ma TV a QLED nthawi zambiri umagwiritsa ntchito ma LED abuluu ngati gwero lawo la kuwala, chifukwa mtundu wa buluu ndi wothandiza kwambiri "poyambitsa" madontho a quantum.
Mu mitundu ina, kuwala kwakumbuyo kungakhale:
– Yoyatsidwa ndi m'mphepete: Ma LED ali m'mphepete mwa sikirini, ndipo kuwalako kumalunjika pakati. Kochepa komanso kotsika mtengo, koma kuwala kwapafupi kumakhala kochepa.
– Yoyatsidwa mwachindunji / Yokhala ndi mzere wonse: Ma LED amagawidwa mofanana kumbuyo kwa gululo, zomwe zimathandiza kuti kuwala kuyende bwino.
– Mini-LED: mtundu wocheperako wa LED wamba, wokhala ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu, zomwe zimathandiza kuti pakhale kuwongolera kolondola kwa chigawo cha kuwala (dera lozimitsira kuwala).
Gawo ili limatsimikizira momwe TV ingawonetse kuwala, makamaka poonera zomwe zili mu HDR.
2. Kuwala kumafalikira mofanana
Nyali yakumbuyo ikayaka, nyaliyo imadutsa mu diffuser ndi/kapena mbale yowongolera nyali. Gawoli limagawa nyaliyo mofanana kuti zisawononge malo owala kapena amdima (malo otentha). Izi zimapangitsa kuti chiwonetserocho chiziwoneka bwino pazenera lonse.
3. Chigawo cha dothi la quantum chimasintha mtundu wa kuwala.
Ichi ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pa ukadaulo wa QLED. Madontho a quantum ndi tinthu ta nanometer tomwe timatha kutulutsa kuwala pa mafunde enaake akamaunikiridwa. Mu QLED, kuwala kwabuluu kuchokera ku kuwala kwakumbuyo kumagunda gawo la quantum dot, komwe lina limasanduka kuwala kofiira ndi kobiriwira "koyera".
Mwachidule:
- Ma LED abuluu amapanga kuwala kwabuluu kolimba
- Madontho a quantum "amasintha" kuwala kwina kwa buluu kukhala kofiira ndi kobiriwira.
- Zotsatira zake ndi kuphatikiza kwabwino kwambiri kwa ma spectrum kuti apange mitundu yotakata komanso yokongola.
Chifukwa chakuti madontho a quantum amapanga mitundu yokhala ndi sipekitiramu yopapatiza (yodziwika bwino), QLED imatha kupanga mtundu wabwino—ndiko kuti, mitundu imawonekabe yolemera ngakhale pamlingo wowala kwambiri.
4. Fyuluta yamitundu imasefa mtunduwo kukhala ma RGB subpixels.
Pambuyo podutsa mu dothi la quantum, kuwala kumadutsa mu fyuluta yamitundu yomwe imagawa kuwalako m'zigawo zitatu zazikulu: wofiira (R), wobiriwira (G), ndi wabuluu (B). Pikseli iliyonse pazenera imapangidwa ndi ma RGB subpixel atatu. Mphamvu yophatikizana ya zitatuzi imapanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana mamiliyoni mpaka mabiliyoni.
Chipinda chosefera utoto chimagwira ntchito ngati "chipata cha utoto", kuonetsetsa kuti kuwala komwe kumachokera mu subpixel iliyonse kukugwirizana ndi mtundu womwe mukufuna.
5. Makristalo amadzimadzi amawongolera kuchuluka kwa kuwala komwe kumadutsa.
Gawo la LCD (liquid crystal) limayang'anira kuwala kwa pixel iliyonse. Makristalo amadzimadzi samatulutsa kuwala, koma m'malo mwake amazungulira mbali ya kuwala kwa polarization. Mothandizidwa ndi ma polarizer kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo, makristalo amadzimadzi amatha kuwongolera ngati kuwala kwafalikira kapena kutsekedwa.
Chizindikiro chamagetsi chikaperekedwa:
- Makristalo amadzimadzi amasintha momwe amaonekera
- Kusintha kwa mawonekedwe kumayang'anira mulingo wa kuwala komwe kungadutse mu ma subpixel.
- Ichi ndi chomwe chimapanga chithunzi chamdima wowala (chosiyana) pazenera.
Mapanelo amakono a QLED amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya LCD, monga VA kapena IPS, zomwe zimakhudza mawonekedwe owonetsera monga kusiyana ndi ma angles owonera.
6. TFT imalamulira pixel iliyonse molondola
Kumbuyo kwa gawo lamadzimadzi la crystal kuli TFT (Thin Film Transistor) yomwe imayang'anira magetsi a subpixel iliyonse. TFT imagwira ntchito yosunga kuwongolera kwa ma pixel kokhazikika komanso kolondola, kupewa kusokonezeka kwa zithunzi monga kuzizira, kuzizira, kapena kusafanana.
Kuwongolera bwino kwa TFT ndi kukonza zithunzi, kusintha kwa gradient kumakhala kosavuta komanso kusakhala ndi banding yambiri pazinthu zina.
Udindo wa Kuchepetsa Ma TV a QLED aposachedwa
Chimodzi mwa zovuta zazikulu ndi ma LCD ndi kuchuluka kwa ma globe akuda. Chifukwa chakuti amagwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwa kumbuyo, kuwala kumatha kutuluka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zakuda ziwoneke ngati imvi. Pofuna kuthana ndi izi, ma TV aposachedwa a QLED nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwapafupi: madera enaake a kuwala kwa kumbuyo amatha kuzimitsidwa kapena kuzimitsidwa kuti agwirizane ndi zosowa za chithunzicho.
Ngati akuwonetsa malo ausiku okhala ndi magetsi ang'onoang'ono:
- Malo owunikira kumbuyo m'malo amdima achepetsedwa mphamvu
- Malo omwe ali pamalo owala amakhalabe owala kwambiri
- Kusiyana kumawonjezeka ndipo tsatanetsatane umaonekera bwino
Mini-LED imapangitsa kuti kuwala kwa maloko kukhale kothandiza kwambiri chifukwa pali madera ambiri, kotero zotsatira za "halo" (zophukira) kuzungulira zinthu zowala zitha kuchepetsedwanso.
Ubwino wa QLED pa Ma TV Aposachedwa
1. Kuwala kwakukulu
Yoyenera zipinda zowala komanso HDR, chifukwa imatha kupanga kuwala kwamphamvu komanso kowala.
2. Mitundu yolemera komanso yokhazikika
Madontho a quantum amawonjezera kuyera kwa mtundu, kuphatikizapo kuwala kwakukulu.
3. Chiopsezo chochepa cha kutentha m'nyumba
Popeza si yodzitulutsa yokha ngati OLED, QLED nthawi zambiri imakhala yotetezeka paziwonetsero zokhazikika nthawi yayitali (ma logo a pa TV, ma HUD amasewera).
4. Mitengo yosiyanasiyana
Pali njira zambiri za QLED pamitengo yosiyanasiyana, makamaka poyerekeza ndi ma OLED apamwamba.
Zoletsa za QLED Zomwe Muyenera Kudziwa
1. Zakuda sizili "zakuya" ngati ma OLED
Popeza pali kuwala kwa kumbuyo, kuwala kwakuda kwambiri n'kovuta, ngakhale kuti kuwala kwa local dimming kumathandiza.
2. Kuthekera kokulirapo
Mu zochitika zosiyana kwambiri, zinthu zowala zimatha kuyambitsa kuwala "kutuluka" pa maziko amdima, makamaka ngati malowo ndi ochepa.
3. Ngodya yowonera imatengera mtundu wa gulu
Ma panelo a VA nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kusiyana kwakukulu koma ngodya zowonera zimakhala zopapatiza; IPS ndi yosiyana.
Mapeto
Mapanelo a QLED omwe ali mu ma TV aposachedwa amagwira ntchito pophatikiza ukadaulo wa LCD ndi gawo la quantum dot lomwe limawonjezera mtundu. Kuwala kochokera ku kuwala kwakumbuyo—nthawi zambiri buluu wa LED—kumakonzedwa ndi madontho a quantum kuti apange mitundu yoyera yofiira ndi yobiriwira, yomwe kenako imayendetsedwa ndi makristalo amadzimadzi ndi makina a TFT transistor kuti apange chithunzicho. Mu mitundu yaposachedwa, QLED imakulitsidwanso mwa kuphatikiza ndi ukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri wa dimming wakomweko monga FALD ndi Mini-LED, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kusiyana ndi magwiridwe antchito a HDR ziwonjezeke kwambiri.
Kwa ogwiritsa ntchito omwe akufuna TV yokhala ndi mitundu yowala komanso yowala komanso yokhalitsa nthawi yayitali yogwiritsira ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku komanso masewera, QLED ndi njira yabwino kwambiri. Komabe, ngati zomwe mukufuna kwambiri ndi zakuda zabwino komanso kusiyana kwakukulu, ukadaulo wa OLED umakhalabe chisankho chomwe mumakonda. Pomaliza, kumvetsetsa momwe QLED imagwirira ntchito kumatithandiza kusankha TV yoyenera zosowa zathu komanso momwe chipinda chilili.
Ngati mukufuna, nditha kuwonjezera tebulo loyerekeza QLED vs OLED vs Mini-LED, kapena kupereka malingaliro pa magawo ofunikira posankha QLED TV (kuwala kwa nits, kuchuluka kwa madera ocheperako, mtundu wa gulu la VA/IPS, ndi chithandizo cha HDR).
