Chikhalidwe cha Anthu pa Malo Ogwira Ntchito ndi Kusintha kwa Ntchito Pakati pa Ogwira Ntchito
Malo ogwirira ntchito si malo enieni okha kumene anthu amathera ntchito zawo, koma ndi "gulu laling'ono" lomwe lili ndi malamulo, miyambo, makhalidwe abwino, ndi ubale wamphamvu womwe umapangidwa nthawi zonse ndi mamembala ake. Apa ndi pomwe chikhalidwe cha anthu—kuphunzira za khalidwe la anthu m'magulu—kumapereka lingaliro lofunikira lomvetsetsa chifukwa chake mgwirizano ungakhale wosalala kapena wotsutsana, chifukwa chake antchito ena amamva kumvedwa pomwe ena amasiyidwa, komanso momwe chikhalidwe cha bungwe chimakhudzira zokolola ndi moyo wabwino. Kakhalidwe ka anthu kuntchito kumatithandiza kuwerenga momwe antchito amagwirira ntchito mopanda tsankho: ndani amalankhulana ndi ndani, momwe miyambo imapangidwira, komanso momwe izi zimakhudzira anthu payekha komanso bungwe.
Malo ogwirira ntchito monga dongosolo la chikhalidwe cha anthu
Kuchokera pamalingaliro a chikhalidwe cha anthu, malo ogwirira ntchito ndi dongosolo la chikhalidwe cha anthu lokhala ndi mapangidwe (maudindo, magawano, maudindo), ochita sewero (antchito, oyang'anira, atsogoleri), ndi malamulo ovomerezeka ndi osavomerezeka. Malamulo ovomerezeka amaonekera bwino mu miyezo yogwirira ntchito, mapangano antchito, zolinga zogwirira ntchito, ndi mfundo za kampani. Pakadali pano, malamulo osavomerezeka nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu pa khalidwe la tsiku ndi tsiku: zomwe zimapangitsa kulankhulana "kwaulemu", zizolowezi za nthawi yowonjezera, chikhalidwe chokumana nacho, komanso ngakhale amene ali ndi mawu pa zisankho.
Machitidwe a anthu m'maofesi amapanga machitidwe obwerezabwereza. Mwachitsanzo, m'makampani omwe ali ndi dongosolo lokhazikika, kulankhulana kumakhala kolunjika, ndipo nthawi zambiri zisankho zimayikidwa pamlingo winawake. M'mabungwe abwino, kukambirana ndi kukambirana kungakhale kolimba kwambiri, koma kungayambitse kusamvetsetsana kwa maudindo ngati sikuli kogwirizana bwino. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, malo ogwirira ntchito si osalowerera ndale—amaumba momwe antchito amagwirira ntchito, amagwirira ntchito, komanso momwe amaonera okha.
Chikhalidwe cha bungwe ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa malamulo
Chikhalidwe cha bungwe chingamveke ngati gulu la makhalidwe abwino, zizindikiro, ndi miyambo yomwe imaonedwa kuti ndi "yabwinobwino" komanso "yolondola" ndi mamembala a bungwe. Chikhalidwechi chimapangidwa ndi mbiri ya kampaniyo, kalembedwe ka utsogoleri, ndi zomwe zimachitikira limodzi—monga kuthana ndi mavuto, kutsata zolinga zazikulu, kapena kuyang'anira kukula. Chikhalidwe chimayambitsa miyambo: malamulo osalembedwa omwe amatsogolera khalidwe.
Chitsanzo chodziwika bwino cha lamulo ndi lamulo la "kuyankha mwachangu" m'malo ogwirira ntchito a digito. Ngakhale kuti sipangakhale udindo wovomerezeka woyankha mauthenga kunja kwa nthawi yogwira ntchito, malamulo osavomerezeka angapangitse antchito kudzimva kuti ali ndi mlandu ngati sakuyankha. Kumbali ina, miyambo yokhudzana ndi chitetezo—monga yomwe imachitika m'makampani opanga zinthu kapena m'migodi—nthawi zambiri imalimbikitsa malamulo okumbutsana ndi kutsatira kwambiri njira. Malamulo amenewa amakhudza momwe antchito amagwirira ntchito: kaya akuthandizana kapena kuweruzana, kaya kutseguka kumaonedwa ngati chinthu choopsa kapena choopsa.
Kapangidwe ka mphamvu ndi ubale mu ofesi
Kusintha kwa ntchito pakati pa antchito kumagwirizana kwambiri ndi ubale wa mphamvu. Mphamvu kuntchito sizimachokera pa udindo wokha, komanso pakupeza chidziwitso, kuyandikira kwa oyang'anira, luso laukadaulo, kapena ngakhale chikoka chaumwini. Wantchito wamkulu amene amamvetsetsa momwe dongosololi limagwirira ntchito akhoza kukhala ndi mphamvu zambiri ngakhale atakhala ndi udindo wapamwamba. Mofananamo, katswiri wodziwa bwino ukadaulo wofunikira akhoza kukhala wofunikira kwambiri popanga zisankho.
Ubale wa mphamvu umakhudza amene amalankhula pamisonkhano, amene nthawi zambiri amakhala chete, komanso momwe mikangano imathetsedwera. Ngati mphamvu zili pakati ndipo sizikuwonekera bwino, antchito angasankhe njira "zotetezeka": kutsatira zomwe zikuchitika, kupewa kutsutsidwa, kapena kupanga mgwirizano. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, ngati mphamvu zikugwiritsidwa ntchito mwanjira yogawana nawo komanso yodalirika, kukambirana kumakhala kotseguka ndipo chilimbikitso cha anthu onse chimalimbikitsidwa mosavuta.
Magulu, malo ochezera a pa Intaneti, ndi "magulu" kuntchito
M'mabungwe, antchito amapanga magulu kutengera kuyandikira kwa dipatimenti, zaka, maphunziro, zomwe amakonda, kapena zomwe akumana nazo pantchito. Magulu awa amapanga malo ochezera othandiza: kugawana zambiri, kupereka chithandizo chamaganizo, ndikuthandizira mgwirizano. Komabe, malo ochezera amathanso kulimbikitsa kudzipatula mwa mawonekedwe a "magulu" - magulu ang'onoang'ono omwe amalumikizana pafupipafupi ndipo amakonda kudzipatula.
Kukhalapo kwa magulu sikoipa nthawi zonse. Kungakhale gwero la mgwirizano, makamaka pamene mavuto a ntchito ali okwera. Mavuto amayamba pamene magulu apanga kusiyana pakati pa "ife" ndi "iwo," zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale miseche, kuchotsedwa, kapena tsankho pakugawa ntchito. Apa ndi pomwe chikhalidwe cha anthu chimatithandiza kuona kuti mikangano pakati pa anthu nthawi zambiri si nkhani ya umunthu wokha, koma chifukwa cha kapangidwe ka netiweki ndi machitidwe ozama olumikizirana.
Kulankhulana, zizindikiro, ndi kusamvetsetsana
Katswiri wa zachikhalidwe cha anthu wogwirizana ndi anthu amagogomezera kuti anthu amachita zinthu kutengera matanthauzo omwe amapatsa zochita za ena. Pankhani ya ntchito, ndemanga yaifupi ingatanthauzidwe ngati kutsutsa, nthabwala, kapena mtundu wina wa ulamuliro—kutengera chikhalidwe, zomwe adakumana nazo, ndi ubale wakale. Chilankhulo cha thupi, kalembedwe, komanso momwe mayankho amaperekedwera ndi zizindikiro zomwe zimatanthauziridwa mosiyana ndi munthu aliyense.
Kusamvetsetsana nthawi zambiri kumachitika m'magulu osiyanasiyana kapena m'malo okhala anthu azikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana. Ogwira ntchito ochokera ku chikhalidwe cholankhulana mwachindunji angaonedwe ngati "amwano" ndi omwe amazolowera kulankhulana mwachindunji. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kalembedwe kobisika kwambiri kangaonedwe ngati "kosapanga zisankho." Mabungwe akapanda kupanga miyezo yolankhulirana yabwino, mphamvu za antchito zimatha kukhala zovuta ndipo zokolola zimachepa.
Mikangano ndi mgwirizano: mbali ziwiri za ndalama imodzi
Mikangano ndi gawo la moyo wa bungwe. Imachokera ku zolinga zosiyana, mpikisano wa zinthu, maudindo osadziwika bwino, kapena kupanda chilungamo komwe kumaonedwa. Kuchokera ku malingaliro a anthu, mikangano si nthawi zonse imakhala yoipa; ikhoza kukhala njira yosinthira pamene ikutsogolera ku kuwunika mfundo ndi kusintha kwa dongosolo. Komabe, mikangano imakhala yowononga ngati siithetsedwe, kapena ngati bungwe lili ndi chikhalidwe choimba mlandu.
Kumbali ina, mgwirizano umachitika pamene antchito ali ndi kukhulupirirana, zolinga zomveka bwino, komanso kugawa maudindo moyenera. Kudalirana nthawi zambiri kumachokera ku kusasinthasintha: malonjezo amasungidwa, malamulo amagwiritsidwa ntchito mofanana, ndi mphotho zimakwaniritsidwa momveka bwino. Popanda mgwirizano, mgwirizano umatha ndipo ubale wa antchito umakhala ngati malonda okhaokha.
Kusalingana, kuphatikizana, ndi chilungamo pantchito
Kayendetsedwe ka antchito kamakhudzidwanso ndi nkhani za kusalingana: kusiyana kwa malipiro, mwayi wokwezedwa pantchito, mwayi wopeza maphunziro, ndi chithandizo chomwe chingakopedwe kutengera jenda, zaka, chilema, kapena mbiri ya anthu. Akatswiri a zachikhalidwe cha anthu amaona kusalingana kumeneku ngati gawo la chikhalidwe cha anthu chomwe chingapitirire kuntchito. Ngati mabungwe sakhudzidwa, kusalingana kungayambitse kukhumudwa, kuchepa kwa kukhulupirika, komanso kusintha kwakukulu kwa anthu.
Mfundo yokhudza kuphatikiza aliyense imafuna kuti wantchito aliyense azimva kuti ali otetezeka kufotokoza maganizo ake ndikuperekapo kanthu popanda mantha a manyazi. Lingaliro la "chitetezo cha maganizo" nthawi zambiri limagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza momwe anthu amakhalira olimba mtima pofunsa mafunso, kuvomereza zolakwa, ndi kufotokoza malingaliro. M'magulu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamaganizo chapamwamba, mphamvu za antchito zimakhala zabwino chifukwa kusiyana kumawonedwa ngati chuma, osati ziwopsezo.
Zotsatira za malo ogwirira ntchito pa umunthu ndi thanzi la maganizo
Ntchito imakhudza umunthu: anthu ambiri amadzizindikiritsa okha kudzera mu ntchito yawo. Chifukwa chake, momwe anthu amagwirira ntchito zimakhudzira kudzidalira komanso thanzi la maganizo. Malo othandizira angapangitse munthu kukhala ndi cholinga, kudzikuza, komanso chilimbikitso. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, malo oopsa—odzaza ndi mantha, miseche, kapena ntchito zosayembekezereka—akhoza kuwonjezera kupsinjika maganizo, kutopa, komanso moyo wabwino.
Katswiri wa zachikhalidwe cha anthu akugogomezera kufunika koona nkhani za thanzi la maganizo osati ngati nkhani za munthu payekha komanso ngati zotsatira za malo ochezera. Ngati antchito ambiri akutopa, funso silili lakuti "ndani amene sangathe kupirira," koma "ndi mtundu wanji wa ntchito womwe ukuthandiza kuti munthu atopa?"
Kupanga mphamvu zogwirira ntchito bwino
Kupanga malo abwino ochezera anthu kuntchito kumafuna khama la kapangidwe kake komanso chikhalidwe. Njira zina zomwe zingawongolere kayendetsedwe ka antchito ndi monga kufotokozera bwino maudindo ndi ziyembekezo, kukhazikitsa njira zolankhulirana, kupereka njira zoyenera zothetsera mikangano, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti pali mphotho ndi kukwezedwa m'malo moonekera bwino. Kuphunzitsa utsogoleri ndikofunikiranso, chifukwa kalembedwe ka utsogoleri kamatsimikizira kwambiri momwe anthu amakhalira—kaya gululo likugwira ntchito ndi chitetezo kapena lili ndi mantha.
Kuphatikiza apo, mabungwe ayenera kuyang'anira bwino malamulo osavomerezeka. Mwachitsanzo, kukhazikitsa malire a kulumikizana kunja kwa nthawi yogwira ntchito, kulimbikitsa chikhalidwe chopereka ndemanga zabwino, ndikuchepetsa maulamuliro omwe amalimbikitsa anthu kufunafuna zitseko zakunja kudzera muubwenzi wawo.
Kutseka
Kakhalidwe ka anthu kuntchito kumaphunzitsa kuti maofesi ndi malo ovuta ochezera; kusintha kwa ntchito pakati pa antchito kumapangidwa ndi chikhalidwe, mphamvu, maukonde a ubwenzi, komanso nthawi zina malamulo osalembedwa. Pomvetsetsa njira izi zachikhalidwe, mabungwe amatha kupanga mfundo zachifundo komanso zogwira mtima, pomwe antchito amatha kuyenda bwino muubwenzi wa kuntchito. Pamapeto pake, malo abwino ogwirira ntchito sikuti amangowonjezera magwiridwe antchito komanso amapanga chitetezo, chilungamo, komanso tanthauzo kwa iwo omwe ali mkati mwake.
