Chinsinsi cha Mapiramidi a ku Igupto ndi Malingaliro Awo
Mapiramidi a ku Igupto ndi ena mwa zodabwitsa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, zomwe zimapangitsa chidwi ndi chidwi kuyambira nthawi zakale. Nyumba zazikuluzikuluzi, zomwe zili m'chipululu cha Giza, sizimangodabwitsa zomangamanga zokha komanso ndi zizindikiro za kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo ndi mphamvu za ku Igupto wakale. Malingaliro ambiri aperekedwa kuti afotokoze mbali zosiyanasiyana za mapiramidi awa, kuyambira cholinga chawo ndi njira zomangira mpaka tanthauzo lawo lophiphiritsira.
Mbiri Yachidule ya Mapiramidi a ku Egypt
Mapiramidi a ku Igupto anamangidwa mu nthawi ya Ufumu Wakale wa ku Igupto (pafupifupi 2686–2181 BC). Pakati pa mapiramidi omwe anamangidwa, lodziwika kwambiri komanso lalikulu kwambiri ndi Piramidi ya Khufu (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti Piramidi Yaikulu ya ku Giza). Mapiramidi atatu akuluakulu ku Giza - Khufu, Khafre, ndi Menkaure - ali m'mbali mwa mapiramidi angapo ang'onoang'ono, akachisi, ndi nyumba zina za maliro, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale malo ochitira mwambo komanso malo opumulira a farao ndi olemekezeka ake.
Chiphunzitso cha Zolinga Zachitukuko
1. Manda a Farao
Chiphunzitso chofala komanso chovomerezeka kwambiri chokhudza cholinga cha mapiramidi ndi chakuti anali manda a mafumu a Farao. Amakhulupirira kuti mapiramidiwo anamangidwa ngati gawo la mwambo wakale wachipembedzo cha ku Igupto womwe unkaona Farao ngati mulungu padziko lapansi, amene pambuyo pa imfa yake adzagwirizana ndi milungu ina m'moyo wa pambuyo pa imfa. Manda okongola awa adapangidwa kuti ateteze thupi la Farao ndi zinthu zofunika pa moyo wa pambuyo pa imfa.
2. Zikumbutso za Zipembedzo
Akatswiri ena amakhulupirira kuti mapiramidiwo sanangokhala manda okha komanso ngati zipilala zachipembedzo. Mapiramidiwo adapangidwa ndi njira yeniyeni yowonera zakuthambo, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti mwina ankagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa miyambo yachipembedzo kapena kuyang'ana zakuthambo, zomwe zinali zofunika kwambiri pankhani ya chipembedzo chakale cha ku Igupto.
3. Batri Yaikulu
Limodzi mwa malingaliro otsutsana kwambiri ndi lakuti mapiramidi ankagwira ntchito ngati mtundu wa batri lalikulu kapena chipangizo china chaukadaulo. Ochirikiza chiphunzitsochi amanena kuti kapangidwe ka mkati mwa mapiramidi ndi kapangidwe ka zinthu zake zili ndi zinthu zomwe zimasonyeza kuti zingagwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo moika maliro.
Chiphunzitso ndi Njira Zomangira
1. Ma Ramp Olunjika ndi Ozungulira
Chiphunzitso chimodzi chokhudza zomangamanga n’chakuti ogwira ntchito ankagwiritsa ntchito njira zokwerera miyala kuti akoke miyala ikuluikulu m’malo mwake. Chiphunzitsochi chagawidwa m’magulu awiri ang’onoang’ono: chiphunzitso cha njira yolunjika ndi chiphunzitso cha njira yozungulira. Chiphunzitso cha njira yolunjika chimapereka njira yayitali, yathyathyathya yomangidwa kuyambira pansi mpaka pamwamba pa piramidi. Chiphunzitso cha njira yozungulira, kumbali ina, chimapereka njira yozungulira piramidi kuyambira pansi mpaka pamwamba. Komabe, mfundo zonsezi zimakumana ndi mavuto okhudza kayendetsedwe ka zinthu, makamaka pamwamba pa piramidi.
2. Chiphunzitso cha Njira Yamkati
Jean-Pierre Houdin, katswiri wa zomangamanga wa ku France, adapereka lingaliro la njira yolowera mkati, momwe njira yozungulira inali mkati mwa piramidi yokha. Houdin adapereka umboni wowoneka bwino komanso wofukula zinthu zakale wochirikiza lingaliro lakuti njira yolowera mkati ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchepetsa kutsetsereka kwa njirayo ndikupangitsa kuti ntchito yomangayo ikhale yotheka.
3. Njira Yogwirira Ntchito
Ngakhale ambiri amakhulupirira kuti antchito anali akapolo, umboni waposachedwapa wa zinthu zakale ukusonyeza kuti ogwira ntchito m'ma piramidi mwina anali aluso omwe amalandira malipiro abwino komanso moyo wabwino. Misasa ya ogwira ntchito yomwe inapezeka pafupi ndi Giza ikusonyeza kuti zinthu zambiri zogwirira ntchito zinali zofunika, kuphatikizapo malo ogona, chakudya, ndi ntchito zachipatala.
Chiphunzitso ndi Mkangano wa Tanthauzo Lophiphiritsira
1. Kuyang'ana zakuthambo
Mapiramidi a ku Igupto anapangidwa ndi njira yeniyeni yolunjika ku zakuthambo, ndipo mbali zake zinali kuyang'ana bwino mfundo zinayi zazikulu. Malingaliro ena amanena kuti njira imeneyi sinali yothandiza pazifukwa zachipembedzo zokha komanso imasonyeza chidziwitso chapadera cha zakuthambo cha chitukuko chakale cha ku Igupto. Chiphunzitso china chimagwirizanitsa kapangidwe ka mapiramidi ndi gulu la nyenyezi la Orion, komwe mapiramidi atatu akuluakulu ku Giza akuganiziridwa kuti akuyimira nyenyezi zitatu za lamba wa Orion.
2. Cholowa cha Ukadaulo ndi Chidziwitso
Chiphunzitso china chikunena kuti mapiramidi akuyimira cholowa cha chidziwitso ndi ukadaulo womwe unachokera ku zitukuko zakale kapena ngakhale kulowererapo kwa alendo. Chiphunzitsochi nthawi zambiri chimagawidwa ngati sayansi yabodza, koma chimakhalabe chodziwika pakati pa anthu chifukwa chimapereka kufotokozera kosangalatsa komanso kosiyana.
3. Mapiramidi ngati Malo Opangira Mphamvu
Malingaliro ena a metafizikiki amanena kuti mapiramidi amagwira ntchito ngati malo osungira mphamvu kapena ma vortexes omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya dziko lapansi kapena yamagetsi. Chiphunzitsochi chilibe maziko olimba asayansi, koma chimakopa anthu omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi zinthu zauzimu komanso zachinsinsi za mapiramidi.
Umboni wa Zakale ndi Zomwe Zapezeka Posachedwapa
Kafukufuku wa zinthu zakale akupitilizabe kupeza zambiri zokhudza mapiramidi a ku Igupto. Zomwe zapezeka posachedwapa zikuphatikizapo manda a ogwira ntchito, zolemba za kayendedwe ka zinthu, ndi zinthu zakale zomwe zimachirikiza kwambiri chiphunzitso cha antchito aluso komanso okonzedwa bwino. Ukadaulo wamakono monga radar yolowera pansi (GPR) ndi thermographic scanning zathandiza kupeza zipinda zobisika zomwe sizinali zodziwika kale komanso zolakwika mkati mwa mapiramidi.
Maphunziro awa atsimikizira mfundo zina zakale pomwe achotsa kapena kusintha zina. Komabe, mafunso ambiri akadali osayankhidwa, ndipo ichi ndichifukwa chake mapiramidi aku Egypt akadali chimodzi mwa zinsinsi zazikulu kwambiri m'mbiri ya anthu.
Mapeto
Mapiramidi a ku Igupto ndi ntchito zaluso zomanga zomwe zimasonyeza kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo, dongosolo, ndi masomphenya auzimu a chitukuko chakale cha ku Igupto. Malingaliro okhudza cholinga chawo, njira zomangira, ndi tanthauzo la zizindikiro zimasonyeza zovuta ndi kuzama kwa zodabwitsazi. Ngakhale tikudziwa zambiri, zinsinsi zambiri zimabisika pansi pa miyala yayikulu ya nyumba zokongolazi. Ngakhale kufufuza kwina ndi kupeza zinthu kungatibweretsere kumvetsetsa kwathunthu mapiramidi, chidwi chawo ndi chinsinsi chawo chidzakhalapo kwamuyaya.
