Udindo wa Psychology mu Utsogoleri wa Anthu
Kasamalidwe ka Anthu (HRM) sikungoyang'anira antchito, malipiro, kapena kutsatira malamulo a ntchito. Kumbuyo kwa njira zonsezi kuli chinthu chofunikira kwambiri m'bungwe lililonse: anthu omwe ali ndi malingaliro osiyanasiyana, malingaliro, zolinga, makhalidwe, ndi machitidwe awo. Apa ndi pomwe psychology imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri. Psychology imathandiza mabungwe kumvetsetsa momwe anthu amagwirira ntchito, kusintha, kuyanjana, komanso kuchita bwino. Pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo zamaganizo, HRM imatha kupanga mfundo ndi machitidwe omwe si othandiza kokha, komanso abwino komanso okhazikika.
Psychology ngati maziko omvetsetsa khalidwe la ntchito
Kwenikweni, psychology imaphunzira khalidwe la anthu ndi njira zamaganizo. Mu nkhani ya bungwe, psychology—makamaka psychology ya mafakitale ndi ya mabungwe—imathandiza kudziwa momwe anthu amachitira zinthu kuntchito, chifukwa chake ali ndi chilimbikitso kapena akuvutika ndi kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito, komanso momwe machitidwe a anthu amakhudzira zokolola. Kumvetsetsa kumeneku ndikofunikira chifukwa zisankho za HR nthawi zambiri zimakhudza kwambiri moyo wa antchito, momwe bungwe limagwirira ntchito, komanso zotsatira za bizinesi.
Kudzera mu zamaganizo, mabungwe amatha kuzindikira zinthu zomwe zimakhudza kukhutira ndi ntchito, kupsinjika maganizo, kutopa, kudzipereka, komanso machitidwe otsutsana ndi ntchito monga mikangano yayitali kapena kusakhalapo kuntchito kwambiri. Pogwiritsa ntchito deta ndi njira yasayansi, HR amatha kuzindikira zomwe zimayambitsa ndikusankha njira zoyenera, monga kukonza bwino ntchito, utsogoleri wolimba, kapena mapulogalamu azaumoyo.
Kulemba anthu ntchito ndi kusankha: kusankha anthu oyenera ndi njira zoyenera
Chimodzi mwa zinthu zazikulu zomwe zathandiza kwambiri pa ntchito ya zamaganizo ndi njira yolembera anthu ntchito komanso kusankha anthu. Zolakwika posankha anthu ofuna ntchito zingayambitse kusintha kwakukulu kwa anthu, kukwera mtengo kwa maphunziro, komanso kuchepa kwa luso la gulu. Zamaganizo amapereka njira yolondola komanso yowunikira momwe munthuyo akugwirizanirana ndi ntchitoyo komanso chikhalidwe cha bungwe.
Mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsa ntchito mayeso a zamaganizo monga mayeso a luso la kuzindikira, zinthu zomwe anthu amasunga, ndi malo owunikira zingathandize kuneneratu momwe ntchito ikuyendera komanso kuthekera kwa utsogoleri. Mafunso okhudzana ndi luso (mayankhulidwe okhudza khalidwe) ndi njira yochokera mu zamaganizo, kutengera mfundo yakuti khalidwe lakale ndi chizindikiro chofunikira cha khalidwe la mtsogolo. Kuphatikiza apo, zamaganizo zimagogomezera kufunika kwa kutsimikizika ndi kudalirika mu zida zosankhira kuti zitsimikizire kuti zisankho zolembedwa ntchito sizikondera komanso zodalirika.
Maphunziro ndi chitukuko: momwe anthu amaphunzirira ndikukula
Antchito akangoyamba kugwira ntchito, vuto lotsatira ndikuonetsetsa kuti akukula. Kuphunzira zamaganizo kumathandiza HR kumvetsetsa momwe anthu amapezera chidziwitso, kupanga zizolowezi zatsopano zogwirira ntchito, komanso kusunga maluso. Mapulogalamu ophunzitsira ogwira mtima samangopereka zinthu zokha komanso amaganizira njira zophunzirira, zolinga, ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zomwe zimathandiza kukhazikitsa zotsatira za maphunziro.
Psychology imalimbikitsanso lingaliro la chitukuko chopitilira, monga kuphunzitsa ndi kuphunzitsa. Kuphunzitsa kumayang'ana kwambiri kufufuza zomwe zingatheke, kukonza magwiridwe antchito, ndikukwaniritsa zolinga zinazake kudzera mu zokambirana zokonzedwa bwino. Kumbali ina, kuphunzitsa kumalimbikitsa kusamutsa chidziwitso ndikulimbikitsa kukonzekera ntchito. Njira zonsezi zimafuna kumvetsetsa kwamaganizo za kulankhulana, chifundo, ndi kumanga chidaliro.
Chilimbikitso ndi magwiridwe antchito: kusuntha anthu kuti akwaniritse zolinga zawo
HR nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi funso lakale kwambiri lakuti: momwe mungakulitsire magwiridwe antchito? Yankho lake si lophweka monga kupereka zolimbikitsa zachuma. Psychology yolimbikitsa imafotokoza kuti chilimbikitso pantchito chimakhudzidwa ndi zinthu zambiri: zosowa, zolinga, mphotho, lingaliro la tanthauzo, kudziyimira pawokha, ndi malingaliro a chilungamo.
Malingaliro okhudza chilimbikitso—monga chiphunzitso chofuna ntchito, chiphunzitso cha nthawi yoyembekezera, ndi chiphunzitso chokhazikitsa zolinga—amathandiza HR kupanga njira zoyendetsera bwino ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, zolinga zomveka bwino komanso zovuta pantchito, zomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndi ndemanga nthawi zonse, zimapangitsa kuti ntchito iyende bwino. Psychology imagogomezeranso kuti kuzindikira, kuyamikira, ndi mwayi wokulirapo zitha kulimbikitsa chilimbikitso chamkati, ndiko kuti, chilimbikitso chomwe chimachokera mkati mwa wantchito, osati kuchokera ku mphotho zakunja zokha.
Utsogoleri ndi chikhalidwe cha bungwe: kupanga malo abwino ogwirira ntchito
Utsogoleri sikutanthauza udindo wokha, komanso kuthekera kokhudza ena ndikuwatsogolera. Psychology imapereka chidziwitso pa njira za utsogoleri, kulankhulana, kupanga zisankho, ndi momwe zimakhudzira ubwino wa gulu. Atsogoleri omwe amamanga chidaliro, kumvetsera mwachidwi, ndi kupereka chithandizo chamaganizo nthawi zambiri amapanga malo abwino ogwirira ntchito.
Chikhalidwe cha bungwe chimagwirizananso kwambiri ndi zamaganizo a anthu. Chikhalidwe chimapangidwa kuchokera ku makhalidwe, miyambo, ndi zizolowezi zomwe zimakhudza momwe anthu amachitira zinthu kuntchito. HR ingagwiritse ntchito njira zamaganizo kuti ilimbikitse chikhalidwe cha mgwirizano, zatsopano, kapena utumiki, mwachitsanzo kudzera mu mapulogalamu opindulitsa, zitsanzo kuchokera kwa atsogoleri, ndi machitidwe opereka mphotho omwe amagwirizana ndi makhalidwe omwe amafunidwa.
Kuwongolera mikangano ndi ubale wa mafakitale: kuyang'anira kayendetsedwe ka chikhalidwe cha anthu
Mikangano ndi chinthu chachilengedwe m'mabungwe, makamaka pamene pali kusiyana kwa zokonda, malingaliro, kapena njira zolankhulirana. Psychology imapereka njira zomvetsetsa magwero a mikangano ndi kulimbikitsa kuthetsa mavuto. Njira monga kuyimira pakati, kukambirana motsatira zofuna, ndi maphunziro olankhulana molimba mtima zimatha kuchepetsa mikangano yowononga ndikusunga ubale wabwino wantchito.
Mu ubale wa mafakitale, zamaganizo zimathandizanso kumvetsetsa malingaliro okhudza chilungamo cha bungwe. Pamene antchito akumva kuti akuchitiridwa zinthu mopanda chilungamo—monga kukwezedwa pantchito, kugawa ntchito, kapena chilango—pali chiopsezo cha kuchepa kwa mgwirizano komanso ngakhale kutsutsa. Oyang'anira HR omwe amamvetsetsa mbali zamaganizo za chilungamo adzakhala okhoza bwino kumanga machitidwe owonekera bwino komanso odalirika.
Thanzi la maganizo ndi thanzi labwino kuntchito: ndalama zomwe zimayikidwa nthawi yayitali
Chisamaliro cha thanzi la maganizo chikuchulukirachulukira m'malo ogwirira ntchito amakono, omwe ali ndi mavuto ambiri, zolinga zapamwamba, komanso kusintha kwachangu. Psychology imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri popanga mapulogalamu azaumoyo monga kusamalira nkhawa, mapulogalamu othandizira antchito, kusinthasintha kwa ntchito, ndi njira zothandizira kupewa kutopa.
Antchito athanzi m'maganizo nthawi zambiri amakhala opindulitsa kwambiri, opanga zinthu zambiri, komanso amakhala ndi maubwenzi abwino pantchito. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kupsinjika maganizo kosatha kungayambitse kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito, kulakwitsa kwakukulu, komanso mavuto azaumoyo. Mwa kuphatikiza zamaganizo, HR imatha kuwona ubwino wa antchito osati ngati mtengo, koma ngati ndalama zomwe zimakhudza kukhazikika kwa bungwe.
Kupanga zisankho motsogozedwa ndi deta: zamaganizo ndi njira zasayansi
Katswiri wa zamaganizo wamakono akugogomezera kufunika kwa machitidwe ozikidwa pa umboni—ndondomeko zothandizidwa ndi kafukufuku ndi deta. Mu HR, izi zikutanthauza kuti zisankho zokhudzana ndi kulemba anthu ntchito, kuphunzitsa, kuwunika momwe ntchito ikuyendera, ndi mfundo zolipirira ziyenera kukhazikika osati pamalingaliro okha komanso pakuwunika. Kafukufuku wokhudza momwe antchito amagwirira ntchito, kuwunika nyengo m'mabungwe, ndi kuwunika momwe maphunziro amagwirira ntchito ndi zitsanzo za kugwiritsa ntchito njira yasayansi pa machitidwe a HR.
Kuphatikiza apo, kumvetsetsa tsankho la chidziwitso kumathandiza HR kuchepetsa zisankho zopanda cholinga. Mwachitsanzo, tsankho la halo pakuyesa magwiridwe antchito kapena tsankho lofanana pakusankha ofuna ntchito. Pozindikira njira za tsankhozi, mabungwe amatha kupanga machitidwe abwino.
Mapeto
Udindo wa zamaganizo pa kasamalidwe ka anthu ndi waukulu komanso wofunikira. Zamaganizo zimathandiza mabungwe kumvetsetsa anthu ngati malo ofunikira pantchito, osati "chinthu" chongoyang'aniridwa ndi makina. Kuyambira kulemba anthu ntchito ndi kusankha anthu, maphunziro ndi chitukuko, chilimbikitso ndi magwiridwe antchito, utsogoleri, kasamalidwe ka mikangano, ndi thanzi la maganizo, zonse zimafuna kumvetsetsa zamaganizo kuti pakhale mfundo zogwira mtima za HR.
Mabungwe omwe amaphatikiza zamaganizo mu machitidwe awo a HR nthawi zambiri amapanga malo ogwirira ntchito opindulitsa komanso omvetsetsana. Pomaliza pake, kupambana kwa bizinesi ndi ubwino wa antchito sizimasiyana koma zimalimbitsana ngati zikuyendetsedwa bwino komanso kumvetsetsa umunthu wa munthu.
