Kugwiritsa Ntchito Psychology Posankha Ogwira Ntchito
Kusankha antchito ndi njira imodzi yofunika kwambiri pa kayendetsedwe ka anthu. Kusankha anthu osagwira ntchito bwino kungakhale ndi zotsatirapo za nthawi yayitali: kuchepa kwa ntchito, kuchuluka kwa ndalama zophunzitsira, kuchuluka kwa mikangano yamkati, komanso kuchuluka kwa antchito omwe amachoka pantchito. Chifukwa chake, mabungwe ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zamaganizo—mfundo zake zonse ndi zida zoyezera—kuti apititse patsogolo kulondola kwa kusankha. Zamaganizo zimathandiza makampani kumvetsetsa khalidwe la anthu, kulosera momwe zinthu zikuyendera, komanso kuwunika bwino momwe munthuyo akuyenerera ntchitoyo komanso chikhalidwe cha bungwe.
Nchifukwa chiyani Psychology ndi Yofunika Posankha?
Kwenikweni, ntchito si kungochita ntchito zaukadaulo. Kuchita bwino kumakhudzidwa ndi chilimbikitso, luso la kuzindikira, umunthu, makhalidwe abwino, kupirira kupsinjika, komanso kuthekera kolumikizana ndi ena. Psychology imapereka njira yasayansi yofotokozera zinthu izi. Ndi njira yoyenera, kusankha kumakhala kokonzedwa bwino, kodalirika, komanso kumachepetsa tsankho lomwe nthawi zambiri limapezeka munjira zolembera anthu ntchito, monga "malingaliro oyamba" ochulukirapo kapena kuwunika kutengera kufanana kwa maziko.
Kuphatikiza apo, zamaganizo zimathandizanso mfundo za "kuyenererana pakati pa munthu ndi ntchito" ndi "kuyenererana pakati pa munthu ndi bungwe." Munthu wochita bwino kwambiri sangakhale wopambana ngati sakugwirizana ndi kalembedwe ka ntchito ka gulu, njira zolankhulirana, kapena mfundo za kampani. Apa ndi pomwe kuwunika kwamaganizo kumakhala kofunikira.
Zigawo Zomwe Zimagwiritsidwa Ntchito Kawirikawiri mu Psychology
1. Mayeso a Luso la Kuzindikira
Mayeso a luso la kuzindikira (monga kulingalira kwa manambala, kulingalira pakamwa, kulingalira, kapena kuthetsa mavuto) nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulosera kuphunzira ndi kusinthasintha kwa wophunzirayo. Kafukufuku wambiri mu zamaganizo a mafakitale ndi mabungwe asonyeza kuti luso la kuzindikira ndi chizindikiro champhamvu cha magwiridwe antchito, makamaka pantchito zovuta. Ofuna ntchito omwe ali ndi luso lamphamvu lofufuza nthawi zambiri amakhala achangu kumvetsetsa njira, kuthetsa mavuto, komanso kupanga zisankho zozikidwa pa deta.
Komabe, mayesowa ayenera kukonzedwa bwino ndikuperekedwa kuti atsimikizire kuti pali chilungamo. Makampani ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti zovuta zikugwirizana ndi zofunikira za udindowo ndikupereka malangizo omveka bwino. Kugwiritsa ntchito mayeso apaintaneti kuyeneranso kuonetsetsa kuti zotsatira zake ndi zachitetezo komanso zolondola.
2. Kuyesa Khalidwe
Khalidwe la munthu limafotokoza makhalidwe a munthu komanso momwe amachitira zinthu pazochitika. Chitsanzo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi Big Five: kutseguka, kukhala wodzipereka, kuchita zinthu mwanzeru, kuvomereza, komanso kukhazikika maganizo (kuchepa kwa mitsempha). Pazinthu zisanu izi, kukhala wodzipereka nthawi zambiri kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi magwiridwe antchito chifukwa kumalumikizidwa ndi chilango, kupirira, ndi udindo.
Mayeso a umunthu amathandiza kulongosola kalembedwe ka ntchito ya munthu amene akufuna ntchito: kaya ndi osamala kapena othamanga, omasuka kugwira ntchito payekha kapena mogwirizana, osinthasintha kusintha kapena amakonda kapangidwe kake. Ngakhale kuti sayenera kukhala maziko okha a chisankho, ndi othandiza pochepetsa chiopsezo cha kusagwirizana kwa maudindo, makamaka m'maudindo omwe amafuna kupirira kupsinjika maganizo, kuyanjana kwambiri, kapena utsogoleri.
3. Mayeso a Chidwi ndi Makhalidwe Abwino a Ntchito
Zokonda pantchito ndi makhalidwe abwino zimathandiza munthu kuzindikira zomwe zimamupangitsa kuti apitirize ndikukula. Anthu ena amalimbikitsidwa ndi zomwe achita, pomwe ena amaganizira kwambiri za kukhazikika, kuzindikirika, kapena kuthandiza anthu. Ngati makhalidwe abwino a munthu payekha akutsutsana ndi zenizeni za ntchitoyo—mwachitsanzo, munthu amene akufuna ntchitoyo amaona kuti kusinthasintha kwake n’kofunika koma udindo wake ndi wolimba kwambiri—ndiye kuti chiopsezo cha kusakhutira ndi kusintha kwa ntchito kumawonjezeka.
Kudzera mu mndandanda wa zokonda ndi makhalidwe abwino, makampani amatha kuwona ngati udindo womwe akupatsidwa ukugwirizana ndi zolinga za wosankhidwayo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ubale wogwira ntchito ukhale wokhazikika.
4. Mafunso Okonzedwa ndi Makhalidwe Abwino
Kuyankhulana ndi njira yodziwika bwino yosankhira mafunso, koma ubwino wake umadalira kwambiri kapangidwe kake. Psychology imalimbikitsa kuyankhulana kokonzedwa bwino, osati kuyankhulana kwaulere, komwe kumakhala ndi tsankho. Mu kuyankhulana kokonzedwa bwino, wofunsidwa mafunso aliyense amafunsidwa mafunso omwewo, ndipo woyesayo amagwiritsa ntchito rubriki yowerengera zotsatira.
Fomu imodzi yothandiza ndi kuyankhulana kwa khalidwe pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya STAR (Mkhalidwe, Ntchito, Zochita, Zotsatira). Ofunsidwa amafunsidwa kuti afotokoze zomwe zinachitikadi m'moyo wakale, chifukwa khalidwe lakale nthawi zambiri limasonyeza khalidwe la mtsogolo. Mwachitsanzo: "Ndiuzeni za nthawi yomwe mudakumana ndi mkangano ndi mnzanu wa kuntchito. Munachita chiyani, ndipo zotsatira zake zinali zotani?" Mayankho a ofuna ntchito amatha kuwunikidwa kutengera luso lolankhulana, chifundo, ndi luso lothetsa mavuto.
5. Malo Oyesera Ntchito ndi Kuwunika
Zitsanzo za ntchito ndi malo owunikira ndi njira zomwe zimatsanzira zenizeni za ntchito. Ofunsidwa amafunsidwa kuti amalize ntchito zomwe zimatsanzira ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku: kulemba malipoti, kuyankha maimelo a makasitomala, kupereka maulaliki, kukambirana masewero, kapena kuchita kafukufuku wa bizinesi.
Kuchokera m'malingaliro amaganizo, ubwino wa njira iyi ndi wodalirika kwambiri chifukwa imayesa luso m'malo enieni. Malo owunikira amagwiritsidwanso ntchito nthawi zambiri pa maudindo oyang'anira, chifukwa amatha kuwunika utsogoleri, kupanga zisankho, ndi luso logwira ntchito limodzi kudzera muzochitika zingapo nthawi imodzi.
6. Kuwunika Umphumphu ndi Kuwona Mtima
Mabungwe ena amagwiritsa ntchito mayeso a umphumphu kapena zida zina kuti ayesere kuthekera kwa khalidwe losalungama, monga kusintha deta, kuphwanya malamulo, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika katundu. Cholinga si "kuweruza," koma kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa bungwe ndikusunga chikhalidwe chabwino cha ntchito. Pochita mayesowa, makampani ayenera kukhala owonekera bwino, kuonetsetsa kuti ntchitoyo ikugwirizana ndi ntchitoyo, ndikutsatira miyezo yalamulo ndi makhalidwe abwino.
Mfundo za Sayansi: Kutsimikizika, Kudalirika, ndi Chilungamo
Kuti kugwiritsa ntchito psychology kukhale kothandizadi, zida zosankhira ziyenera kukwaniritsa mfundo zoyambira zoyezera:
1. Kutsimikizika: kodi mayesowo amayesadi zomwe akufuna kuyeza ndipo amatha kulosera momwe ntchito ikuyendera.
2. Kudalirika: kodi zotsatira zake zimakhala zofanana zikabwerezedwa pansi pa mikhalidwe yofanana?
3. Chilungamo: kodi chidachi sichimasankha magulu ena ndipo chikhoza kuwerengedwa motsatira malamulo a makhalidwe abwino?
Makampani ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito zida zoyezera zomwe zayesedwa, zomwe zili ndi miyezo yoyenera, ndipo zimayendetsedwa ndi anthu oyenerera (monga akatswiri a zamaganizo kapena akatswiri ophunzitsidwa bwino). Kutanthauzira zotsatira kuyeneranso kuchitidwa mosamala, osati kungotengera "zigoli zapamwamba zalandiridwa."
Kuchepetsa Tsankho Posankha
Tsankho ndiye mdani wamkulu wa kusankha bwino. Zamaganizo zimazindikira tsankho zambiri zomwe zimafala: zotsatira za halo (kukhudzidwa ndi mphamvu za munthu), tsankho lofanana (kusankha zomwe zimafanana ndi zomwe wofunsa mafunso amachita), tsankho lotsimikizira (kufunafuna umboni wochirikiza malingaliro oyamba), komanso malingaliro olakwika ozikidwa pa msinkhu, jenda, kapena maphunziro.
Njira zokonzedwa bwino zamaganizo—monga ma rubriki oyankhulana, kuwunika kozikidwa pa luso, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito oyesa angapo—zingathandize kuchepetsa tsankho. Kupanga zisankho kumakhala bwinonso pophatikiza njira zingapo zopezera deta (njira zambiri), monga mayeso a luso, kuyankhulana, ndi kuyerekezera ntchito, m'malo mongodalira chidziwitso chokha.
Makhalidwe Abwino ndi Chinsinsi
Kuwunika zamaganizo kumakhudza deta yaumwini, kotero mfundo za makhalidwe abwino ziyenera kuyikidwa patsogolo. Ofuna ntchito ayenera kudziwitsidwa za cholinga cha mayesowo, momwe zotsatira zake zidzagwiritsidwire ntchito, komanso kutsimikiziridwa kuti ndi achinsinsi. Deta yamaganizo iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito posankha ntchito zokha, osati pazinthu zina zomwe zingawononge wofuna ntchitoyo. Kuphatikiza apo, makampani ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti deta yawo yapezeka bwino komanso kutsatira malamulo oyenera oteteza deta.
Kutseka
Kugwiritsa ntchito psychology posankha antchito kumathandiza mabungwe kupanga zisankho zolondola, zolondola, komanso zoyenera pantchito. Mayeso a luso la kuzindikira, mayeso a umunthu, zinthu zomwe zili m'ndandanda wa ntchito, kuyankhulana kokonzedwa bwino, komanso kuyerekezera ntchito kumapereka lingaliro lokwanira pa kuthekera ndi kuyenerera kwa wofunsira ntchito. Komabe, kugwira ntchito bwino kumadalira mtundu wa zida zoyezera, luso la woyesa, komanso kudzipereka kwa kampani ku makhalidwe abwino ndi chilungamo.
Pomaliza, kusankha sikungokhudza kusankha "anzeru kwambiri," koma m'malo mwake kumafuna kupeza anthu omwe angathe kuchita bwino, kukulitsa, komanso kupereka chithandizo chabwino ku chikhalidwe cha bungwe. Ndi njira yoyenera yamaganizo, makampani samangolemba antchito oyenerera komanso amamanga maziko a antchito athanzi komanso okhazikika.
