Nkhani yokhudza equation ya galasi lozungulira
Choyamba, mvetsetsani malamulo a chizindikiro cha galasi lozungulira.
Malamulo a chizindikiro cha galasi lozungulira
- Mtunda wa chinthu (chita)
Ngati chinthu chili kutsogolo kwa galasi lomwe limawonetsa kuwala, komwe kuwala kumadutsa mu chinthucho, ndiye kuti mtunda wa chinthu (chita) ndi zabwino.
- Mtunda wa chithunzi (di)
If the image is in the front of a mirror surface which reflecting light, where light passes through the image, then the image distance (di) is positive (real image). If the image is behind the mirror surface that reflecting light, where light does not pass through the image, then mtunda wa chithunzi ndi yoipa (chithunzi cha pa intaneti).
- Utali wozungulira wa kupindika (R)
The center of the curvature of the convex mirror is behind the mirror surface which reflects light, where the light does not pass through it so that the radius of curvature of the convex mirror is negative. The radius of curvature is negative, so the focal length (f) is also negative.
- Kutalika kwa chinthu (h)
If the object is above the principal axis of the convex mirror, the object height (h) is positive (object is upright). Conversely, if the object is below the principal axis of the convex mirror, the object height is negative (object is inverted).
- Kutalika kwa chithunzi (h')
If the image is above the principal axis of the convex mirror, the image height (h ‘) is positive (image is upright). If the image is below the principal axis of the convex mirror, the image height is negative (image is inverted).
- Kukula kwa chithunzi (m)
If the magnification of image > 1 then the size of the image is greater than the size of the object. If the magnification of the image = 1, the size of the image is the same as the size of the object. If the magnification of the image is < 1, the size of the image is smaller than the size of the object.
The equation of convex mirror
Based on the figure below, there are two beams of light to a convex mirror, and the convex mirror reflects the beam of light.
do = object distance, di = image distance, h = P P’ = object height, h’ = Q Q’ = image height, F = the focal point of the convex mirror.
Katatu ka P'AP ndi kofanana ndi katatu ka Q'AQ. Chifukwa chake:
The BFA triangle is similar to the Q’FQ triangle, where the distance of AB = the height of the object (h) and the distance of FA = the focal length (f) of the convex mirror. Therefore :
Based on the sign rules of the convex mirror, this equation can be changed to the equation of the concave mirror, if the image distance (di) is given a negative sign
because the beam of light does not pass the image and focal length (f) is also given a negative sign because the focal point of the convex mirror is not passed by light (see the figure of the image formation above). According to this statement, the equation of the convex mirror changes to:
do = mtunda wa chinthu, di = mtunda wa chithunzi, f = kutalika kwa focal
Always remember the sign rules of the convex mirror when using this equation to solve the problems of the convex mirrors.
Kukula kwa chithunzi (m)
Yang'anani chithunzi cha kapangidwe ka chithunzi pamwambapa. Ma triangle a P'AP ndi Q'AQ ndi ofanana kotero kuti titha kupeza ubale pakati pa mtunda wa chinthu ndi mtunda wa chithunzi ndi kutalika kwa chinthu ndi kutalika kwa chithunzi:
Equation iyi yalembedwanso motere pansipa powonjezera m:
m = Magnification of the image
h = the object height (positive if the object is above the principal axis of the convex mirror or the object is upright. Negative if the object is inverted)
h ‘= the image height (positive if the image is above the principal axis of the convex mirror or the image is upright. Negative if the image is inverted)
do = the object distance (positive if the light beam passes through the object)
di = the image distance (positive if the light beam passes through the image and negative if the image is not passed through by the light beam)
