Nkhani yokhudza Gwero la mphamvu yamagetsi emf Kukana kwamkati Voltage ya terminal
Mphamvu yamagetsi imayenda mu closed circuit, kuyambira pa mphamvu yayikulu kupita pa mphamvu yochepa. Mphamvu yamagetsi ikadutsa mu gawo la kukana kwamagetsi, pamakhala kuchepa kwa mphamvu yamagetsi chifukwa mphamvu yamagetsi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa kukana kumeneku. Kuti mphamvu yamagetsi ipitirire kuyenda kuchokera pa mphamvu yayikulu kupita pa mphamvu yochepa,
Payenera kukhala chipangizo chowonjezera mphamvu zamagetsi, chidacho ndi mphamvu yamagetsi (emf) kapena yodziwika bwino yotchedwa gwero lamagetsi. Emf kapena gwero lamagetsi ndi gawo lomwe limasintha mtundu wa mphamvu kukhala mphamvu zamagetsi, monga mabatire, maselo a dzuwa, kapena majenereta amagetsi.
Gwero la mphamvu yamagetsi (emf)
Chithunzi chomwe chili pambali pake chili ndi chithunzi chosavuta cha dera lotsekedwa lomwe lili ndi emf (ε) ndi resistance (R). Mizere yayitali yoyima pa gwero la emf ikuyimira mphamvu yayikulu, pomwe mizere yayifupi yoyima ikuyimira mphamvu yochepa. Machaji amagetsi amayenda kuchokera ku mphamvu yayikulu kupita ku mphamvu yochepa. Chaji yamagetsi yomwe imayenda mkati mwa nthawi inayake imatchedwa mphamvu yamagetsi, komwe komwe magetsi amayenda kumawonetsedwa ndi muvi.
Ikakhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu, mphamvu yamagetsi imakhala ndi mphamvu yamagetsi. Mphamvu yamagetsi imachepa mphamvu yamagetsi ikadutsa choletsa. Mphamvu yamagetsi ikasuntha kuchokera ku mphamvu yochepa kupita ku mphamvu yayikulu, mphamvu yamagetsi imawonjezeka.
Kutsutsa kwamkati
Pamene mphamvu yamagetsi ikuyenda mkati mwa gwero la emf, mphamvu yamagetsi imakhala ndi kukana. Gwero lenileni lamagetsi m'moyo nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi kukana kwamkati, komwe kumawonetsedwa ndi chizindikiro cha r. Pamene mphamvu yamagetsi ikuyenda kudzera mu mphamvu yamkati (r), mphamvu yamagetsi imachepa.
Mphamvu yamagetsi yotumizira
Voltage ya terminal (V) ndi voteji yonse yopangidwa ndi gwero la voteji yamagetsi kapena gwero la emf. Mwa masamu, imafotokozedwa kudzera mu ma equation:
V = ε – I r
V = Voliyumu ya terminal, ε = emf, I = mphamvu yamagetsi, r = kukana kwamkati.
Ngati batire ya 12 Volt ili ndi kukana kwa 0.2 Ω ndiye kuti 2 A ikatuluka kuchokera ku batire, mphamvu yamagetsi ndi 12 – (0.2) (2) = 12 – 0.4 = 11.6 Volt.
Ngati palibe magetsi ochokera ku batire, mphamvu ya magetsi yochokera ku batire ndi emf. Tiyerekeze kuti emf ndi 12 Volts, ndiye kuti mphamvu ya magetsi yochokera ku batire ndi 12 Volts. Ngati pali magetsi ochokera ku gwero la emf, mphamvu ya magetsi yochokera ku batire ndi yochepa kuposa emf.
Emf ndi magetsi amagetsi omwe alembedwa mwachitsanzo pa batire, pomwe magetsi a terminal ndi magetsi enieni amagetsi kapena kusiyana kwenikweni kwa mphamvu, komwe mtengo wake umakhudzidwa ndi magetsi omwe akuyenda mu batire.
