Kuona pafupi ndi kuwona patali - mavuto ndi mayankho
1. Mwana amene ali ndi vuto la makutu amatha kuwerenga buku pafupifupi mita imodzi. Kuti muwerenge pa mtunda wabwinobwino wa 25 cm, dziwani kuti mphamvu ya lenzi iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mwana.
Yankho:
Mwanayo amaona patali , pomwe malo apafupi ndi maso ake ndi mita imodzi kapena 100 cm. Malo apafupi ndi maso abwinobwino ndi 25 cm. Diso likhoza kusinthidwa kukhala labwinobwino pogwiritsa ntchito lenzi yozungulira.
Zodziwika:
Pafupi ndi malo = mtunda wa chithunzi (s') = -100 cm
Mthunzi uyenera kukhala patsogolo pa lenzi yozungulira kuti uwonekere. Chifukwa mthunzi uli patsogolo pa lenzi yozungulira ndiye kuti chithunzicho chili pa intaneti ndipo chili ndi chizindikiro choyipa.
Mtunda wowerengera wamba = mtunda wa chinthu = 25 cm
Kufunidwa : Mphamvu ya Lens
Yankho:
Kutalika kwa lenzi yozungulira (f):
1/f = 1/s + 1/s' = 1/25 – 1/100 = 4/100 – 1/100 = 3/100
f = 100/3 cm
f = (100/3 : 100) m
f = (100/3 x 1/100) m
f = 1/3 m
Mphamvu ya lenzi yozungulira (P):
P = 1 /f = 1 : 1/3 = 1 x 3/1 = 3 Diopters.
Mphamvu ya lenzi yozungulira ndi 3 diopters.
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2.
Kutengera chithunzi chomwe chili pamwambapa, dziwani vuto la maso lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza bwino maso.
Anakonza
Zofooka za maso: kuwona patali
Kuwala kwa kuwala kumatha kuyang'ana bwino pa retina pamene lenzi yokhotakhota yaikidwa patsogolo pa diso. Ma lenzi osiyanasiyana amathandiza kufalitsa kuwala kwa kuwala kuti kuwoneke bwino pa retina.
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3. Munthu akhoza kuwerenga pa mtunda wapafupi wa masentimita 50. Kuti athe kuwerenga pa mtunda wa masentimita 30, dziwani mphamvu ya lenzi ya magalasi.
Yankho:
Munthuyo ali ndi vuto la maso owonera pafupi , magalasi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzanso maso owonera pafupi ndi magalasi ozungulira kapena magalasi ozungulira kapena magalasi abwino.
Kuti chinthu chomwe chikuonedwa chikhale pa 30 cm patsogolo pa diso, lenzi iyenera kupanga chithunzi pa mtunda wa 50 cm patsogolo pa diso. Chithunzicho chili patsogolo pa lenzi kotero kuti chithunzicho chikhale choyimirira komanso chowoneka bwino.
Zodziwika:
Mtunda wa chinthu = 30 cm
Mtunda wa chithunzi (s') = -50 cm ( zoipa chifukwa zenizeni )
Kufunidwa: Mphamvu ya lenzi (P)
Yankho:
Utali wa focal:
1/f = 1/s + 1/s'
1/f = 1/30 + 1/-50
1/f = 5/150 – 3/150
1/f = 2/150
f = 150/2 = 75 cm = 0.75 mamita = 75/100 mamita s
Kutalika kwa focal komwe kwalembedwa kuti ndi kwabwino kumatanthauza kuti lenzi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi lenzi yozungulira.
Mphamvu ya lenzi:
P = 1/f
P = 1 : 75/100 = 1 x 100/75
P = 100/75
P = 4/3 Diopters
