Kuyambitsa Magnetic - Mavuto ndi Mayankho
1. Zinthu zotsatirazi zimakhudza kulowetsedwa kwa maginito pa waya wa kondakitala.
(1) mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe ikuyenda mu waya
(2) chilolezo
(4) mtunda wa mfundo kuchokera pa waya
Ndi mawu ati omwe ali olondola
Yankho:
Kuyerekeza kwa kulowetsedwa kwa waya pogwiritsa ntchito maginito:
μ o = Kutha kwa vacuum kapena maginito nthawi zonse
I = Mphamvu yamagetsi ikuyenda pa waya
r = mtunda wa mfundo kuchokera pa waya
B = kukula kwa kulowetsedwa kwa maginito
2. Onani mawu okhudzana ndi kulowetsedwa kwa maginito kotsatira.
(1) mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe ikuyenda mu waya
(2) kutseguka kwa vacuum
(3) malo olumikizirana waya
(4) kuchulukana kwa waya
Zomwe zimakhudza kukula kwa maginito pa waya woyendetsa.
Anakonza
Phunzirani njira yopangira maginito ndi kufotokozera kwakale.
3. Mphamvu yamagetsi I imayenda pa waya wa kondakitala. Kodi mphamvu ya maginito pakati pa bwalo (P) ndi chiyani ? (µ o = 4π.10 -7 Wb.m -1 .A -1 )
Zodziwika:
Utali wozungulira (r) = 6 cm = 6 x 10-2 meters
Mphamvu yamagetsi (I) = 8 Ampere
Kutha kwa vacuum (µo ) = 4π x 10 -7 Wb.A -1 m -1
Kufunidwa: kulowetsedwa kwa maginito pakati pa bwalo (P)
Yankho:
360 o – 90 o = 270 o . 270 o / 360 o = 3/4 kenako 270 o = 3/4 kuzungulira
Fomula ya mphamvu ya maginito pakati pa coil yokhala ndi malupu angapo:
B = mphamvu ya maginito, N = chiwerengero cha ma windings, I = magetsi, r = radius ya curve
Mu vuto lomwe lili pamwambapa, pali kupotoza kamodzi kokha kotero kuti N ichotsedwe mu equation. Coil ya waya pa vuto lomwe lili pamwambapa si bwalo limodzi koma bwalo la 3/4. Fomula yomwe ili pamwambapa yasinthidwanso ndi vutoli:
Kulowetsa kwa maginito pakati pa bwalo:
4. Mphamvu ya 2 A imayenda pa waya wozungulira ngati chithunzi. Kodi kukula ndi njira ya magnetic induction pa mfundo P ndi yotani ngati radius ya bwalo ndi 4π cm?
Zodziwika:
Ulalo wozungulira (r) = 4π cm = 4π x 10-2 meters
Mphamvu yamagetsi (I) = 2 Ampere
Kutha kwa vacuum (µo ) = 4π x 10 -7 Wb.A -1 m -1
Kufunidwa: Kukula ndi malangizo a induction ya maginito pa mfundo P
Yankho:
Chozungulira cha waya pa vuto lomwe lili pamwambapa ndi theka la bwalo.
Kukula kwa kulowetsedwa kwa maginito pa mfundo P:
Mafunso ndi mayankho 20 okhudzana ndi kulowetsedwa kwa maginito:
1. Funso: Kodi kulowetsedwa kwa maginito n'chiyani?
Yankho: Kuchuluka kwa maginito, kapena kuchuluka kwa maginito, ndi muyeso wa kuchuluka kwa mizere ya maginito m'dera linalake. Imaimiridwa ndi chizindikiro B ndipo ili ndi mayunitsi a Tesla (T).
2. Funso: Kodi mphamvu ya maginito imakhudzana bwanji ndi mphamvu ya maginito?
Yankho: Kulowetsa mphamvu ya maginito ndi chizindikiro cha kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya maginito, kusonyeza mphamvu yake ndi komwe ikupita pamalo aliwonse mumlengalenga.
3. Funso: Kodi lamulo la Faraday la kulowetsa magetsi m'maginito ndi chiyani?
Yankho: Lamulo la Faraday limati mphamvu yamagetsi (EMF) yomwe imachitika mu closed circuit iliyonse ndi yofanana ndi negative rate of change ya magnetic flux kudzera mu circuit.
4. Funso: Kodi kulunjika kwa coil kumakhudza bwanji kulowetsedwa kwa maginito komwe kumachitika nako?
Yankho: Kulowetsa kwa maginito komwe kumachitika ndi coil kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri pamene ndege ya coil ili yolunjika ku mphamvu ya maginito ndipo yochepa kwambiri pamene ndegeyo ili yofanana.
5. Funso: Kodi mphamvu ya maginito imagwira ntchito yotani mu ma transformer?
Yankho: Mu ma transformer, kusinthana kwa maginito mu coil yoyamba kumayambitsa EMF mu coil yachiwiri, zomwe zimathandiza kuti mphamvu zamagetsi zisunthike pakati pa coil.
6. Funso: Kodi kuyenda kwa kondakitala mu mphamvu ya maginito kumatsogolera bwanji ku kulowetsedwa kwa maginito?
Yankho: Pamene kondakitala ikuyenda mu mphamvu ya maginito, chiwerengero cha mizere ya mphamvu ya maginito yomwe imadutsamo chimasintha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti EMF ipangidwe malinga ndi lamulo la Faraday.
7. Funso: Kodi gawo la kulowetsedwa kwa maginito ndi chiyani?
Yankho: Chigawo cha magnetic induction ndi Tesla (T), chofanana ndi Weber pa mita imodzi ya sikweya (Wb/m²).
8. Funso: Kodi lamulo la Lenz limakhudzana bwanji ndi kulowetsedwa kwa maginito?
Yankho: Lamulo la Lenz limanena momwe EMF yomwe yayambitsidwa ndi mphamvu yamagetsi imayendera komanso momwe mphamvu yamagetsi imayendera chifukwa cha mphamvu yamagetsi. Limatsutsa kusintha kwa mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe idayambitsa.
9. Funso: N’chifukwa chiyani chitsulo nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati maziko a ma coil oyambitsa?
Yankho: Chitsulo chili ndi mphamvu ya ferromagnetic ndipo chimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosavuta ngati maginito. Chikagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati maziko, chimawonjezera mphamvu ya maginito ndikuyika mizere ya maginito, ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ya coil.
10. Funso: Kodi kukula kwa EMF yomwe imayambitsa kumakhudzidwa bwanji ndi kusintha kwa maginito?
Yankho: Kukula kwa EMF komwe kumayambitsidwa kumagwirizana mwachindunji ndi kuchuluka kwa kusintha kwa maginito.
11. Funso: Kodi kulowetsana pamodzi n’chiyani?
Yankho: Kuyambitsa magetsi kumatanthauza njira yomwe kusintha kwa mphamvu ya coil imodzi kumayambitsa EMF mu coil yapafupi chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mphamvu ya maginito.
12. Funso: Kodi mphamvu ya induction ya maginito ingawonjezedwe bwanji mu dongosolo?
Yankho: Kugwira ntchito bwino kungawonjezeke pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zomwe zili ndi mphamvu ya maginito yochuluka, kuchepetsa kutayika kwa mphamvu yotsutsa, komanso kukonza kapangidwe ka coil ndi momwe imayendera poyerekeza ndi mphamvu ya maginito.
13. Funso: Kodi kudziphunzitsa wekha n’chiyani?
Yankho: Kudzipangitsa wekha kumachitika pamene mphamvu yosintha mu coil imayambitsa EMF mu coil yomweyo chifukwa cha mphamvu yake ya maginito yosintha.
14. Funso: Kodi kuchuluka kwa ma turn mu coil kumakhudza bwanji maginito induction?
Yankho: Kuchulukitsa kuchuluka kwa ma turn mu coil kumawonjezera EMF yomwe imayambitsa, chifukwa cha kusintha kosalekeza kwa maginito.
15. Funso: Kodi mphamvu ya maginito imagwira ntchito yotani mu majenereta amagetsi?
Yankho: Mu majenereta amagetsi, kuyenda kwa makina (nthawi zambiri kozungulira) kumayambitsa kusintha kwa maginito mu ma coil, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magetsi ayambe kugwira ntchito komanso kupanga mphamvu yosinthira magetsi (AC).
16. Funso: Kodi maginito angalowetsedwe ndi maginito osasinthasintha ndi ma conductor osasinthasintha?
Yankho: Ayi, kuti maginito alowe m'malo mwake, payenera kukhala kuyenda pakati pa maginito ndi kondakitala, apo ayi mphamvu ya maginito yokha iyenera kusintha.
17. Funso: Kodi kulowetsedwa kwa maginito kumakhudzana bwanji ndi kulowetsedwa kwa maginito?
Yankho: Kutha kwa maginito kumayesa kuthekera kwa chinthu kuthandizira kupangidwa kwa mphamvu ya maginito. Zipangizo zomwe zimakhala ndi mphamvu ya maginito yambiri zimatha kukhazikika mizere ya mphamvu ya maginito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu ya maginito ikhale yowonjezereka.
18. Funso: Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ndi EMF yomwe yayambitsidwa pamene kondakitala ikuyenda mofulumira kudzera mu mphamvu ya maginito?
Yankho: EMF yomwe imayambitsa imawonjezeka ndi liwiro la kondakitala akuyenda kudzera mu mphamvu ya maginito, chifukwa cha mphamvu ya mphamvu ya maginito yosasintha.
19. Funso: Kodi ma coil awiri okhala ndi madera osiyanasiyana opingasa angakhale ndi maginito ofanana?
Yankho: Inde, mphamvu ya maginito (B) siimasiyana ndi dera la coil koma imadalira mphamvu ya mphamvu ya maginito ndi momwe coil imayendera poyerekeza ndi munda.
20. Funso: Kodi chodabwitsa cha kulowetsedwa kwa maginito chimathandizira bwanji mfundo yosungira mphamvu?
Yankho: Kulowetsa mphamvu zamagetsi m'maginito kumasintha mphamvu ya makina (kuyenda) kukhala mphamvu yamagetsi (ndi mosemphanitsa). Ngakhale kuti mphamvu imasintha, mphamvu yonse imasungidwabe.
Kumvetsetsa kulowetsedwa kwa maginito ndi mfundo zake kumathandiza kupita patsogolo mu ukadaulo wosiyanasiyana, kuyambira pakupanga magetsi mpaka zida zamagetsi.
