Kuyenda kwa mzere - mavuto ndi mayankho

Kuyenda kwa mzere - mavuto ndi mayankho

1. Chithunzi cha liwiro (v) poyerekeza ndi nthawi (t) chomwe chawonetsedwa pachithunzi chili pansipa. Kodi kuchepa kwa liwiro ndi chiyani malinga ndi graph?

Anakonza

AB = kuyenda pa liwiro losalekeza , BC = kuyenda pa liwiro losalekeza , CD = kuyenda pa liwiro losalekeza.

2. Chithunzi cha mayendedwe olunjika chomwe chawonetsedwa pachithunzi chili pansipa. Kodi mtunda womwe chinthu chinayenda kuchokera pa masekondi 0 ndi masekondi 8 ndi uti?

Anakonza

Malo 1 = malo a katatu = ½ (4-0)(12-0) = ½ (4)(12) = (2)(12) = 24

Malo 2 = malo ozungulira = (8-4)(12-0) = (4)(12) = 48

Mtunda woyenda mu masekondi 8 = mamita 24 + mamita 48 = mamita 72.

3. Chithunzi cha liwiro (v) motsutsana ndi nthawi (t) ya kayendedwe kolunjika komwe kwawonetsedwa pachithunzi pansipa. Kodi mtunda womwe wayenda mu masekondi 12 ndi wotani?

Anakonza

Malo 1 = dera la katatu = ½ (2-0) (4-0) = ½ (2) (4) = 4

Gawo 2 = dera la rectangle = (6-2)(4-0) = (4)(4) = 16

Malo 3 = dera la katatu = ½ (8-6) (4-0) = ½ (2) (4) = 4

Malo 4 = dera la katatu = ½ (10-8) (4-0) = ½ (2) (4) = 4

Malo 5 = malo a sikweya = (12-10)(4-0) = (2)(4) = 8

Mtunda woyenda m'masekondi 12 = 4 + 16 + 4 + 4 + 8 = mamita 36

4. Chinthu chimayenda pa liwiro losasintha la 36 km/ola kwa masekondi 5, kenako chimathamanga 1 m/s ² kwa masekondi 10 kenako chimathamanga 2 m/s ² mpaka chipumule. Ndi graph iti (vt) yomwe ikuwonetsa maulendo a chinthucho.

Zodziwika:

Kuyenda 1 = liwiro losasintha

Liwiro lokhazikika (v) = 36 km/h = 36 (1000 m) / 3600 s = 36,000 m / 3600 s = 10 m/s

Nthawi yopuma (t) = masekondi 5

Kusuntha 2 = kuthamanga kosalekeza

Liwiro loyambirira (vo _o ) = liwiro loyenda 1 = 10 m/s

Kuthamanga (a) = 1 m/s ²

Nthawi yopuma (t) = masekondi 10

Kusuntha 3 = kuchepetsa liwiro nthawi zonse

Kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya flue (a) = -2 m/s ²

Liwiro lomaliza (v _t ) = 0 m/s

Kufunidwa: ndi graph iti yomwe ikuwonetsa maulendo a chinthucho

Yankho:

Liwiro lomaliza la kuyenda 2:

v _t = vo ₊ pa

v _t = 10 + (1)(10) = 10 + 10 = 20 m/s

Liwiro lomaliza la kuyenda 2 (v _t ) = liwiro loyambirira la kuyenda 3 (v _o ) = 20 m/s

Nthawi yoyenda 3:

v _t = vo ₊ pa

0 = 20 + (-2)(t)

0 = 20 – 2t

20 = 2t

t = 20/2

t = masekondi awiri

Kayendedwe 1: Chinthu chimayenda pa liwiro losasintha la 10 m/s mu masekondi 5

Kayendedwe 2: Chinthucho chinafulumizitsidwa mu masekondi 10 mpaka liwiro lake = 20 m/s.

Kayendedwe kachitatu: Chinthucho chachepetsedwa mphamvu mu masekondi 10 mpaka chipumule.

Chithunzi B chikuwonetsa maulendo a chinthucho.

5. Galimoto imayenda pa liwiro losasintha la 5 m/s mu masekondi 10, kenako imathamanga 1 m/s ² mu masekondi 5. Kenako imatsika mpaka itapuma galimoto ikayenda mamita 137.5. Ndi graph iti (vt) yomwe ikuwonetsa maulendo a chinthucho.

Zodziwika:

Kusuntha 1 = kuyenda pa liwiro losasintha

Liwiro lokhazikika (v) = 5 m/s

Nthawi yopuma (t) = masekondi 10

Kusuntha 2 = kuyenda kothamanga nthawi zonse

Liwiro loyambirira (vo _o ) = liwiro loyenda 1 = 5 m/s

Kuthamanga (a) = 1 m/s ²

Nthawi yopuma (t) = masekondi 5

Liwiro lomaliza (v _t ) = 0 m/s

Mtunda wonse (s) = 137.5 m/s

Akufuna: Chithunzi chikuwonetsa ulendo wa galimoto

Yankho:

Mtunda wa kayendedwe 1:

s = vt = (5)(10) = mamita 50

Mtunda wa kayendedwe 2:

s = vot ₊ ½ pa ² = (5)(5) + ½ (1)(5) ² = 25 + ½ (25) = 25 + 12.5 = 37.5 mamita

Mtunda wa kayendedwe 3:

137.5 – (50 + 37.5) = 137.5 – 87.5 = mamita 50

Liwiro lomaliza la kuyenda 2:

Liwiro lomaliza la kuyenda 2 linawerengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito deta ya kuyenda 2:

v _t = vo ₊ pa

v _t = 5 + (1)(5) = 5 + 5 = 10 m/s

Liwiro lomaliza la kuyenda 2 (v _t ) = liwiro loyambirira la kuyenda 3 (v _o ) = 10 m/s

Nthawi yoyendera 3:

Nthawi yowerengera pambuyo popeza kuchepa kwa liwiro. Kuchepa kwa liwiro (a) ndi nthawi yowerengera (t) kumawerengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito deta ya mayendedwe 3.

Kuchepa kwa chiwongolero cha chinthu chomwe chikuyenda 3:

v _t ² = vo _o ² + 2 malonda

0 ² = 10 ² + 2 a (50)

0 = 100 + 100 a

100 = -100 a

a = – 100/100

a = – 1 m/s ²

Nthawi yoyenda 3:

v _t = vo ₊ pa

0 = 10 + (-1) t

0 = 10 – t

t = masekondi awiri

Kayendedwe 1: Chinthu chimayenda pa liwiro losasintha la 5 m/s mu masekondi 10.

Kayendedwe 2: Chinthucho chimayenda kwa masekondi 5 mpaka liwiro lake = 10 m/s.

Kayendedwe kachitatu: Chinthucho chachepetsedwa mphamvu kwa masekondi 10 mpaka chipumule.

6. Galimoto yolemera makilogalamu 800 imayenda molunjika ndi liwiro loyambirira la makilomita 36 pa ola limodzi. Pambuyo poyenda mamita 150, liwiro la galimotoyo ndi makilomita 72 pa ola limodzi. Dziwani nthawi yomwe ili pakati.

Zodziwika:

v _o = 36 km/ola = 36,000 mamita / 3600 s = 10 m/s

v _t = 72 km/ola = 72,000 mamita / 3600 s = 20 m/s

d = mamita 150

Kufunidwa: nthawi yopuma (t)

Yankho:

Ma equation atatu a kuyenda pa liwiro losalekeza:

v _t = vo ₊ pa

d = vot ₊ ½ pa ²

v _t ² = vo _o ² + 2 malonda

Kufulumizitsa:

v _t ² = vo _o ² + 2 malonda

20 ² = 10 ² + 2 a (150)

400 = 100 + 300 a

400 – 100 = 300 a

300 = 300 a

a = 300 / 300

a = 1 m/s ²

Nthawi yopuma:

v _t = vo ₊ pa

20 = 10 + (1) t

20 - 10 = t

t = masekondi awiri

7. Galimoto imayenda pa liwiro losasintha la 20 m/s. Galimoto imapuma pakatha masekondi 5 itatha kutsika. Kodi mtunda woyenda ndi galimoto ndi wotani?

Zodziwika:

Liwiro loyambirira (v _o ) = 20 m/s

Liwiro lomaliza (v _t ) = 0 m/s

Nthawi yopuma (t) = masekondi 5

Akufuna: mtunda (d)

Yankho:

kuchepetsa liwiro:

v _t = vo ₊ pa

0 = 20 + a 5

-20 = 5a

a = -20/5

a = -4 m/s ²

Mtunda woyenda ndi galimoto:

d = vot ₊ 1/2 pa ²

d = (20)(5) + 1/2 (-4)(5) ² = (20)(5) + (-2)(25)

d = 100 - 50

d = mamita 50

8. Mtunda ndi nthawi ya chinthu choyenda zawonetsedwa mu tebulo ili m'munsimu.

Dziwani mitundu ya mayendedwe omwe zinthu 1 ndi 2 zimakumana nawo…

Anakonza

Chinthu 1:

v = s / t

v = liwiro , s = mtunda , t = nthawi yopuma

v = 60/15 = 4 cm/s

v = 80/20 = 4 cm/s

v = 100/25 = 4 cm/s

Liwiro lokhazikika = kuyenda kofanana kwa mzere.

Chinthu 2:

v = s / t

v = liwiro, s = mtunda , t = nthawi yopuma

v = 4/2 = 2 cm/s

v = 9/3 = 3 cm/s

v = 25/5 = 5 cm/s

Kuthamanga kumawonjezeka = kuyenda kosagwirizana kwa mzere, kofulumira.

1. funso: Kodi n’chiyani chimasiyanitsa kuyenda kolunjika ndi mitundu ina ya kuyenda? Yankho: Kuyenda kwa mzere kumatanthauza kuyenda kwa chinthu molunjika mbali imodzi. Mosiyana ndi kuyenda kozungulira kapena kozungulira, palibe kusintha kwa njira ya chinthu choyenda molunjika.
2. funso: Kodi mtunda umasiyana bwanji ndi kusuntha kwa kayendedwe kolunjika? Yankho: Mtunda ndi kutalika konse kwa njira yomwe chinthu chikuyenda, pomwe kusuntha ndi mtunda wolunjika pakati pa malo oyamba ndi omaliza, pamodzi ndi komwe akupita. Kusuntha ndi kuchuluka kwa vekitala, pomwe mtunda ndi scalar.
3. funso: Nchifukwa chiyani liwiro ndi liwiro zingakhale ndi ma values ​​osiyana pa kayendedwe komweko? Yankho: Liwiro ndi muyeso wa scalar wa momwe chinthu chikuyendera mwachangu popanda kuganizira komwe chikupita, pomwe liwiro ndi kuchuluka kwa vekitala komwe kumaphatikizapo kukula ndi komwe chikupita. Pa kayendedwe kolunjika, ngati pali kusintha kulikonse komwe kukupita, liwiro lapakati lingakhale losiyana ndi kukula kwa liwiro lapakati.
4. funso: Kodi zikutanthauza chiyani tikamanena kuti chinthu chili ndi kayendedwe kofanana kolunjika? Yankho: Chinthu chomwe chimayenda molunjika mofanana chimayenda molunjika pa liwiro losasintha. Izi zikutanthauza kuti liwiro lake ndi komwe chikupita sizisintha pakapita nthawi.
5. funso: Kodi chinthu chingakhale bwanji ndi liwiro losasintha koma liwiro losinthasintha mu kayendedwe ka mzere? Yankho: Pa chinthu chomwe chikuyenda molunjika, njira yokhayo yomwe izi zingachitikire ndi ngati njira yoyendera ikusintha. Komabe, munjira yeniyeni yolunjika, njirayo imakhalabe yofanana. Ngati njirayo isintha, kwenikweni sikuyenda molunjika kokha.
6. funso: Kodi kuthamanga kwa magazi kumagwira ntchito yotani pakuyenda molunjika? Yankho: Kuthamanga kumasonyeza kusintha kwa liwiro pakapita nthawi. Mu kuyenda kolunjika, izi zitha kutanthauza kuwonjezeka kapena kuchepa kwa liwiro kapena kusintha kwa njira (ngati kuyendako sikuli kolunjika kokha). Kuthamanga kosakhala zero kumasonyeza kuti liwiro la chinthucho likusintha.
7. funso: Kodi kufulumira kolakwika, kapena kuchedwetsa liwiro, kumaonekera bwanji mu kuyenda kolunjika? Yankho: Pankhani ya kuyenda kolunjika, kufulumira kolakwika (komwe nthawi zambiri kumatchedwa kuchedwetsa liwiro) kumatanthauza kuchepa kwa liwiro m'njira yowongoka yomweyo. Ndi kufulumira kolunjika mbali yotsutsana ndi kuyendako.
8. funso: Kodi pali ubale wotani pakati pa mphamvu ya ukonde ndi kufulumira kwa kayendedwe kolunjika malinga ndi lamulo lachiwiri la Newton? Yankho: Malinga ndi lamulo lachiwiri la Newton, mphamvu yogwira ntchito pa chinthu imagwirizana ndi kuthamanga komwe imadutsa ndipo imagwira ntchito mbali yomweyo. $F=ma$, kumene $F$ ndi mphamvu ya ukonde, $m$ ndi kulemera kwa chinthucho, ndipo $a$ ndi kufulumira kwake.
9. funso: Ngati galimoto ikuyenda molunjika ndipo yaima, kodi tinganene kuti kusuntha kwake komaliza ndi zero? Yankho: Ayi. Kusamuka kumatanthauza mtunda wolunjika pakati pa malo oyamba ndi omaliza ndi komwe akupita. Ngati galimoto yasuntha kuchokera pamalo ake oyamba isanayime, kusamuka si zero; koma liwiro lake lomaliza ndi lokha.

10. Funso: Kodi lingaliro la inertia likugwirizana bwanji ndi kuyenda kolunjika? Yankho: Inertia ndi kukana kwa chinthu kusintha kwa kayendedwe kake. Pa chinthu chomwe chili mu kuyenda kolunjika, inertia imatanthauza kuti chinthucho chidzapitiriza kuyenda molunjika pa liwiro losasintha pokhapokha ngati mphamvu yakunja ichitapo kanthu.