Kupangidwa kwa chithunzi ndi galasi lozungulira

Nkhani yokhudza kupangidwa kwa chithunzi ndi galasi lozungulira

Kuti mumvetse kapangidwe ka chithunzi pogwiritsa ntchito galasi lopindika, phunzirani zitsanzo za mavuto ndi mayankho omwe ali pansipa. Pankhaniyi, chinthu chimaganiziridwa kuti chili patali pang'ono ndi galasi lopindika,

Kenako jambulani mawonekedwe a chithunzicho pogwiritsa ntchito galasi lozungulira, mtunda wa chithunzicho kuchokera pagalasi lozungulira ndi kukula kwa chithunzicho pogwiritsa ntchito galasi lozungulira.

Tiyerekeze kuti galasi lozungulira lili ndi utali wa masentimita 30. Jambulani kapangidwe ka chithunzicho kenako dziwani mtunda wa chithunzicho ndi kukula kwa chithunzicho, ngati:

a) Mtunda wa chinthu ndi wocheperako kuposa kutalika kwa focal (do < f)

b) Mtunda wa chinthu ndi wofanana ndi kutalika kwa focal (do = f)

c) Mtunda wa chinthucho ndi waukulu kuposa kutalika kwa focal ndipo ndi wocheperako kuposa radius ya kupindika kwa galasi (f < do

d) Mtunda wa chinthucho ndi wofanana ndi utali wa kupindika kwa galasi (do = R)

e) Mtunda wa chinthucho ndi waukulu kuposa utali wa kupindika kwa galasi (do > R)

Zodziwika:

Utali wozungulira wa galasi lozungulira (R) = 30 cm

Kutalika kwa galasi lozungulira (f) = R / 2 = 30/2 = -15 cm

Malo owunikira ali kumbuyo kwa galasi lozungulira, komwe kuwala sikudutsa pamalo owunikira. Chifukwa chake, malo owunikira a galasi lozungulira amapatsidwa chizindikiro choyipa.

Yankho:

Mtunda wa chinthucho ndi wocheperako kuposa kutalika kwa galasi lozungulira (do < f)

Tiyerekeze kuti mtunda wa chinthucho kuchokera pagalasi ndi 5 cm ndi 10 cm.

  1. Utali wolunjika (f) = -15 cm ndipo ngati mtunda wa chinthu (d)o) = 5 cm

Kupangidwa kwa chithunzi pogwiritsa ntchito galasi lozungulira 1

Mtunda wa chithunzi (di) :

1/di = 1/f – 1/s = -1/15 – 1/5 = -1/15 – 3/15 = -4/20

pa = -20/4 = -5 cm

Mtunda wa chithunzi (di) uli ndi chizindikiro chotsutsa chomwe chimatanthauza kuti chithunzicho ndi chenicheni, kapena chithunzicho chili kumbuyo kwa galasi, komwe kuwala sikudutsa mu chithunzicho.

Mtunda wa chithunzi (d) 5 cm ndi wofanana ndi mtunda wa chinthu (d) 5 cm

Kukula kolunjika kwa chithunzicho (M) :

M = -di / do = -(-5)/5 = 5/5 = 1 nthawi

Kukula kolunjika kwa chithunzi (M) 1 kumatanthauza kukula kwa chithunzicho kuli kofanana ndi kukula kwa chinthucho.

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Kukula kolunjika kwa chithunzi (M) kuli ndi chizindikiro chabwino, kutanthauza kuti chithunzicho chili choyima.

  1. Utali wa focal (f) = -15 cm ndipo ngati chinthucho chili mtunda (do) = 10 cm

Kupangidwa kwa chithunzi pogwiritsa ntchito galasi lozungulira 2

Mtunda wa chithunzi (di) :

1/di = 1/f – 1/do = -1/15 – 1/10 = -2/30 – 3/30 = -5/30

pa = -30/5 = -6 cm

Mtunda wa chithunzi (di) uli ndi chizindikiro chotsutsa chomwe chimatanthauza kuti chithunzicho ndi chenicheni, kapena chithunzicho chili kumbuyo kwa galasi lozungulira, komwe kuwala sikudutsa mu chithunzicho.

Mtunda wa chithunzi (di) 6 cm ndi wocheperako kuposa mtunda wa chinthu (do) 10 cm.

Kukula kolunjika kwa chithunzicho (M) :

M = -di / do = -(-6)/10 = 6/10 = nthawi 0.6

Kukula kwa mzere wa chithunzi (M) ndi kochepa kuposa 1 kutanthauza kuti kukula kwa chithunzicho ndi kochepa kuposa kukula kwa chinthucho.

Kukula kolunjika kwa chithunzi (M) kuli ndi chizindikiro chabwino chomwe chimatanthauza kuti chithunzicho chili choyima.

Mtunda wa chinthucho ndi wofanana ndi kutalika kwa galasi lozungulira (do = f)

Kupangidwa kwa chithunzi pogwiritsa ntchito galasi lozungulira 3

Kutalika kwa focal (f) = mtunda wa chinthu (do) = 15 cm.

Mtunda wa chithunzi (di) :

1/di = 1/f – 1/do = -1/15 – 1/15 = -2/15

pa = -15/2 = -7.5 cm

Mtunda wa chithunzi (di) uli ndi chizindikiro chotsutsa chomwe chimatanthauza kuti chithunzicho ndi chenicheni, kapena chithunzicho chili kumbuyo kwa galasi lozungulira, komwe kuwala sikudutsa mu chithunzicho.

Mtunda wa chithunzi (di) 7.5 cm ndi wocheperako kuposa mtunda wa chinthu (do) 15 cm

Kukula kolunjika kwa chithunzicho (M) :

M = -di / do = -(-7,5)/15 = 7.5 / 15 = nthawi 0.5

Kukula kwa mzere wa chithunzi (M) ndi kochepa kuposa 1 kutanthauza kuti kukula kwa chithunzicho ndi kochepa kuposa kukula kwa chinthucho.

Kukula kolunjika kwa chithunzi (M) kuli ndi chizindikiro chabwino, kutanthauza kuti chithunzicho chili choyima.

The chinthu Mtunda ndi wokulirapo kuposa kutalika kwa focal ndipo ndi wocheperako kuposa utali wa kupindika kwa galasi lozungulira (f < do

Tiyerekeze kuti mtunda wa chinthucho kuchokera pagalasi ndi 20 cm ndi 25 cm.

  1. Utali wa focal (f) = -15 cm ndipo ngati chinthucho chili mtunda (do) = 20 cm

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Kupangidwa kwa chithunzi pogwiritsa ntchito galasi lozungulira 4

Mtunda wa chithunzi (di) :

1/di = 1/f – 1/do = -1/15 – 1/20 = -4/60 – 3/60 = -7/60

pa = -60/7 = -8.6 cm

Mtunda wa chithunzi (di) uli ndi chizindikiro chotsutsa chomwe chimatanthauza kuti chithunzicho ndi chenicheni, kapena chithunzicho chili kumbuyo kwa galasi lozungulira pomwe kuwala sikudutsa mu chithunzicho.

Mtunda wa chithunzi (di) 8.6 cm ndi wocheperako kuposa mtunda wa chinthu (do) 20 cm

Kukula kolunjika kwa chithunzicho (M) :

M = -di / do = -(-8.6)/20 = 8.6 / 20 = nthawi 0.4

Kukula kwa mzere wa chithunzi (M) ndi kochepa kuposa 1, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kukula kwa chithunzicho ndi kochepa kuposa kukula kwa chinthucho.

Kukula kolunjika kwa chithunzi (M) kuli ndi chizindikiro chabwino chomwe chimatanthauza kuti chithunzicho chili choyima.

  1. Utali wa focal (f) = -15 cm ndipo ngati chinthucho chili mtunda (do) = 25 cm

Kupangidwa kwa chithunzi pogwiritsa ntchito galasi lozungulira 5

Mtunda wa chithunzi (di) :

1/di = 1/f – 1/do = -1/15 – 1/25 = -25/375 – 15/375 = -35/375

pa = -375/35 = -10.7 cm

Mtunda wa chithunzi (di) uli ndi chizindikiro chotsutsa chomwe chimatanthauza kuti chithunzicho ndi chenicheni, kapena chithunzicho chili kumbuyo kwa galasi lopindika, komwe kuwala sikudutsa pachithunzicho.

Mtunda wa chithunzi (di) 10.7 cm, wocheperako kuposa mtunda wa chinthu (do) 25 cm

Kukula kolunjika kwa chithunzicho (M) :

M = -di / do = -(-10.7) / 25 = 10.7 / 25 = nthawi 0.4

Kukula kwa mzere wa chithunzi (M) ndi kochepa kuposa 1 kutanthauza kuti kukula kwa chithunzicho ndi kochepa kuposa kukula kwa chinthucho.

Kukula kolunjika kwa chithunzi (M) kuli ndi chizindikiro chabwino chomwe chimatanthauza kuti chithunzicho chili choyima.

Mtunda wa chinthucho ndi wofanana ndi utali wa kupindika kwa galasi lozungulira (do = R)

Kupangidwa kwa chithunzi pogwiritsa ntchito galasi lozungulira 6

Utali wa kupindika kwa galasi (R) = mtunda wa chinthu (do) = 30 cm.

Mtunda wa chithunzi (di) :

1/di = 1/f – 1/do = -1/15 – 1/30 = -2/30 – 1/30 = -3/30

pa = -30/3 = -10 cm

Mtunda wa chithunzi (di) uli ndi chizindikiro chotsutsa chomwe chimatanthauza kuti chithunzicho ndi chenicheni, kapena chithunzicho chili kumbuyo kwa galasi lozungulira, komwe kuwala sikudutsa mu chithunzicho.

Mtunda wa chithunzi (di) 10 cm, wocheperako kuposa mtunda wa chinthu (do) 30 cm

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Kukula kolunjika kwa chithunzicho (M) :

M = -di / do = -(-10)/30 = 1/3

Kukula kwa mzere wa chithunzi (M) ndi kochepa kuposa 1, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kukula kwa chithunzicho ndi kochepa kuposa kukula kwa chinthucho.

Kukula kolunjika kwa chithunzi (M) kuli ndi chizindikiro chabwino chomwe chimatanthauza kuti chithunzicho chili choyima.

Mtunda wa chinthucho ndi waukulu kuposa utali wa kupindika kwa galasi lozungulira (do > R)

Tiyerekeze kuti mtunda wa chinthucho kuchokera pagalasi ndi 40 cm ndi 50 cm.

  1. Utali wa focal (f) = -15 cm ndipo ngati chinthucho chili mtunda (do) = 40 cm

Mtunda wa chithunzi (di) :

1/di = 1/f – 1/do = -1/15 – 1/40 = -8/120 – 3/120 = -11/120

pa = -120/11 = -10.9 cm

Mtunda wa chithunzi (di) uli ndi chizindikiro chotsutsa chomwe chimatanthauza kuti chithunzicho ndi chenicheni, kapena chithunzicho chili kumbuyo kwa galasi lozungulira pomwe kuwala sikudutsa mu chithunzicho.

Mtunda wa chithunzi (di) 10.9 cm, wocheperako kuposa mtunda wa chinthu (do) 40 cm

Kukula kwa chithunzicho molunjika (M) :

M = -di / do = -(-10.9) / 40 = 10.9 / 40 = nthawi 0.3

Kukula kwa mzere wa chithunzi (M) ndi kochepa kuposa 1 kutanthauza kuti kukula kwa chithunzicho ndi kochepa kuposa kukula kwa chinthucho.

Kukula kolunjika kwa chithunzi (M) kuli ndi chizindikiro chabwino chomwe chimatanthauza kuti chithunzicho chili choyima.

  1. Utali wa focal, f) = -15 cm ndi mtunda wa chinthu (do) = 50 cm

Mtunda wa chithunzi (di) :

1/di = 1/f – 1/di = -1/15 – 1/50 = -10/150 – 3/150 = -13/150

pa = -150/13 = -11.5 cm

Mtunda wa chithunzi (di) uli ndi chizindikiro chotsutsa chomwe chimatanthauza kuti chithunzicho ndi chenicheni, kapena chithunzicho chili kumbuyo kwa galasi lozungulira, komwe kuwala sikudutsa mu chithunzicho.

Mtunda wa chithunzi (mkati) 11.5 cm, wocheperako kuposa mtunda wa chinthu (mpaka) 50 cm

Kukula kolunjika kwa chithunzicho (M) :

M = -di / do = -(-11.5) / 50 = 11.5 / 50 = nthawi 0.2

Kukula kwa mzere wa chithunzi (M) ndi kochepa kuposa 1, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kukula kwa chithunzicho ndi kochepa kuposa kukula kwa chinthucho.

Kukula kolunjika kwa chithunzi (M) kuli ndi chizindikiro chabwino, kutanthauza kuti chithunzicho chili choyima.

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