Maphunziro Oyambira a Fiziki

Tanthauzo la kuyenda kofanana kwa mzere

Chinthu chimakumana ndi kayendedwe kofanana kolunjika ngati liwiro la chinthucho silisintha. Liwiro limaphatikizapo kukula ndi njira ya liwiro. Njira ya liwiro = njira ya kusamuka = njira yoyendera. Njira yoyendera liwiro la chinthu chokhazikika = njira yoyendera chinthu chokhazikika, kapena njira yoyendera chinthu chokhazikika = chinthucho chikuyenda molunjika. Kukula kwa liwiro kapena liwiro ndi kokhazikika = liwiro nthawi zonse limakhala lofanana nthawi zonse.

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Tanthauzo la kayendedwe kosagwirizana

Kuyenda kosagwirizana ndi mzere ndi kuyenda kosinthasintha. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, kuyenda kosagwirizana ndi mzere = kuyenda ndi kukula kwa kuthamanga kumakhala kosasunthika ndipo njira yofulumira imakhala yokhazikika. Njira yofulumira ndi yokhazikika = njira ya liwiro ndi yokhazikika = njira ya kusamuka ndi yokhazikika = njira yoyendera ndi yokhazikika = chinthucho chimayenda molunjika. Kukula kwa kuthamanga kosalekeza zikutanthauza kuti kukula kwa liwiro kapena liwiro kumawonjezeka nthawi zonse.

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Nkhani yokhudza kuyenda kwa Free fall

Mu moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, nthawi zambiri timawona zinthu zomwe zimagwa momasuka, mwachitsanzo, kuyenda kwa zipatso zikugwa kuchokera mumtengo, kuyenda kwa zinthu zomwe zimagwa kapena kugwetsedwa kuchokera kutalika kwina. N’chifukwa chiyani zinthu zimagwa momasuka? Ngati ziwonedwa pang’onopang’ono, chinthucho chimagwa momasuka ngati kuti chili ndi liwiro lokhazikika, kapena mwa kuyankhula kwina chinthucho sichimathamanga. Chowonadi n’chakuti, chinthu chilichonse chomwe chimagwa momasuka chimathamanga nthawi zonse. Chifukwa ichi chimayambitsa kuyenda momasuka, kuphatikizapo chitsanzo cha kuyenda kosagwirizana. Momwe mungatsimikizire kuti zinthu zomwe zimagwa momasuka zimakumana ndi kuthamanga kosalekeza kapena kukwera kwake kwa liwiro?

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Nkhani yokhudza kuyenda kozungulira kofanana

Mu moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, nthawi zambiri timakumana ndi zinthu zomwe zimayenda mozungulira mofanana. Chitsanzo chimodzi cha chinthu chomwe chimadutsa mu yunifolomu zoyenda zozungulira ndi dzanja lachiwiri, dzanja la mphindi, ndi singano ya wotchi pa wotchi ya analog. Singano yachiwiri nthawi zonse imazungulira pa ngodya ya 360^o kwa 60 masekondi (mphindi imodzi) kapena kuzungulira pa 6^o ngodya kwa sekondi imodzi. Singano ya mphindi nthawi zonse imazungulira pa 360^o ngodya kwa mphindi 60 (ola limodzi) kapena zungulirani pa 6^o ngodya kwa mphindi imodzi. Singano ya ola nthawi zonse imazungulira 360^o kwa maola 24 (tsiku limodzi). Ngati chinthu chikuyenda mozungulira monga singano yachiwiri, singano ya mphindi, kapena singano ya wotchi ndiye kuti zinthuzo zimanenedwa kuti zikuyenda mozungulira. Kodi mungaganizire zitsanzo za zinthu zomwe zimayenda mozungulira?

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Kuchuluka kwa fizikisi mu kayendedwe kozungulira kumaphatikizapo kusuntha kwa angular, liwiro la angular, ndi kuthamanga kwa angular.

1. Kusamuka kwa ngodya (θ)

Kusuntha kwa angular mozungulira kumatchedwa kusuntha kwa angular. Chifukwa chake, kusuntha kwa angular kuphatikiza kuchuluka kwa ma vector kumakhala ndi kukula ndi njira. Njira yosunthira angular nthawi zambiri imawonetsedwa mozungulira (mozungulira kapena mozungulira).

Pali mayunitsi atatu a angular displacement. Choyamba, digiri (o). Mzere umodzi wa bwalo ndi wofanana ndi 360^oChachiwiri, kuzungulira. Mzere umodzi wa bwalo ndi wofanana ndi kuzungulira kamodzi. Chachitatu, ma radians. Yang'anani chithunzi chomwe chili pansipa. Ngati chinthu chikuyenda mozungulira ndiye kuti r = utali wa bwalo, x = kutalika kwa njira yozungulira yomwe chinthucho chimadutsa = kuzungulira kwa bwalo.

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Nkhani yokhudza kuyenda kwa Projectile ndi mavuto a zitsanzo ndi mayankho

Liwiro loyambirira (v)_o) ndi gawo la liwiro loyambirira (v_ox ndi v_oy)

Chinthu chomwe mayendedwe ake a parabolic nthawi zonse amakhala ndi liwiro loyambirira. Chifukwa mayendedwe a parabolic ndi kuphatikiza mayendedwe m'njira zopingasa ndi zoyimirira, liwiro loyambirira limakhalanso ndi zigawo zopingasa ndi zoyimirira.

Ngati chinthucho chikuyenda mophiphiritsira monga momwe zilili mu Zithunzi 1 ndi 3, ndiye kuti liwiro loyambirira limayenda mopingasa (v)._ox) ndi liwiro loyambirira kumbali yolunjika (v_oy) amawerengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito equation:

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Nkhani yokhudza lamulo la Newton loyendetsa zinthu

1. Tanthauzo la mphamvu

Mphamvu ndi chinthu chomwe chimapangitsa kuti zinthu ziziyenda mofulumira. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, mphamvu ndi chinthu chomwe chimayenda, kuyimitsa, kapena kusintha njira yoyendera chinthu. Mphamvu ndi kuchuluka kwa vekitala, motero, ili ndi kukula ndi njira. Chizindikiro cha mphamvu ndi F (Mphamvu). F ndi chizindikiro cha mphamvu. Pali mitundu ingapo ya mphamvu ndipo si mphamvu zonse zomwe zili ndi chizindikiro F. Gawo la dongosolo lapadziko lonse lapansi ndi kg m/s2 aka Newton.

2. Tanthauzo la mphamvu ya ukonde

Mphamvu yochokera (ΣF) ndi chiŵerengero cha mphamvu zonse zomwe zimagwira ntchito pa chinthu. Mphamvu ndi kuchuluka kwa vekitala, kotero mphamvu yonse imawerengedwa kutengera lamulo lowonjezera vekitala.

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1. Tanthauzo la mphamvu yokangana

Kukangana ndi kukoka komwe kumagwira ntchito pakati pa zinthu zomwe zimagwirizana. Munkhaniyi, mphamvu yokangana yomwe yaphunziridwa ikugwirizana ndi mphamvu yokangana yomwe imagwira ntchito pakati pa malo awiri olimba a thupi omwe amakhudza. Monga kukangana pakati pa maziko a mtengo ndi pansi, kukangana pakati pa maziko a nsapato ndi pansi, kukangana pakati pa mawilo a galimoto ndi pamwamba pa msewu.

Mphamvu yokangana nthawi zonse imagwira ntchito pamwamba pa zinthu zolimba zomwe zimakhudzana, ngakhale zinthuzo zili zosalala kwambiri. Ngakhale malo osalala kwenikweni amakhala okhwima kwambiri pa sikelo ya microscopic. Chinthu chikasuntha, mitsinje iyi ya microscopic imasokoneza kayendedwe kake. Pa mulingo wa atomiki, kutuluka pamwamba kumapangitsa maatomu kukhala pafupi kwambiri ndi malo ena, kotero kuti mphamvu zamagetsi pakati pa maatomu zimatha kupanga ma bond a mankhwala, monga mgwirizano pakati pa malo awiri a chinthu choyenda. Chinthu chikasuntha, mwachitsanzo mukakankhira buku pamwamba pa tebulo, kuyenda kwa buku kumakumana ndi zopinga ndipo pamapeto pake kumayima. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kupangika ndi kumasulidwa kwa bond.

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Nkhani yokhudza lamulo la Newton la mphamvu yokoka padziko lonse lapansi

Mu nkhani ya lamulo la Newton, tinaphunzira kuti chinthu chilichonse chomwe poyamba chimakhala mpumulo chimakhala mayendedwe, kapena chinthu chilichonse chomwe chimayamba kuyenda chimakhala mpumulo ngati pali "chinachake" chomwe chimayenda kapena kuyimitsa chinthucho. Chinachake chimatchedwa "mphamvu". Nchifukwa chiyani chipatso chimagwa kapena kuyenda kupita pamwamba pa dziko lapansi chikatulutsidwa kuchokera ku tsinde? Lamulo la Newton limati ngati chipatsocho chiyenda, payenera kukhala mphamvu yogwira ntchito pa chipatsocho. Mphamvu yomwe imapangitsa chipatso kapena chinthu chilichonse kugwa pamwamba pa dziko lapansi imatchedwa mphamvu yokoka.

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Nkhani yokhudza mphamvu yokoka ndi mphamvu yokoka

Mukakankhira buku pamwamba pa tebulo mpaka buku litasuntha, dzanja lanu limakhudza bukulo. Momwemonso, mukamangirira chinthu ndi chingwe, kenako n’kuchikoka mpaka chitasuntha, dzanja lanu litakhudza chingwe, chingwecho chimakhudza chinthucho. Pankhaniyi, mphamvu yokankhira, mphamvu yokoka, mphamvu yokakamiza ya chingwe, ndi mphamvu ngati izi zimatchedwa mphamvu zogwira kapena mphamvu zolumikizirana. Mphamvu yokoka ya Dziko lapansi yomwe imakoka chipatso chogwera pamwamba pa dziko lapansi. Kapena, mphamvu yokoka ya dziko lapansi yomwe imakoka mwezi kupita ku mlengalenga wa dziko lapansi imachitika popanda kukhudza pakati pa dziko lapansi ndi chipatso ndi mwezi.

Chifukwa chake, mphamvu yokoka kapena mphamvu ngati izi zimatchedwa mphamvu zosakhudza. Kodi zipatso zingagwe bwanji ndipo mwezi "ungagwe" ku dziko lapansi popanda kukhudza pakati pa dziko lapansi ndi zipatso ndi mwezi? Asayansi, kuphatikizapo Newton, zimavuta kuganiza za mphamvu yosakhudza. Kuti mumvetse mosavuta ndikumvetsetsa mphamvu yosakhudza, lingaliro la munda limakwezedwa.

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