14 Lamulo la Boyle Lamulo la Charles Lamulo la Gay-Lussac - Mavuto ndi Mayankho
1. Mpweya wothamanga wa tayala la galimoto ndi 432 kPa ndipo kutentha kwake ndi 15 o C. Patatha maola angapo, mpweya wothamanga ndi 492 kPa. Ngati kukulitsa sikunyalanyazidwa , kodi kutentha kwa mpweya mu tayala ndi kotani ?
Zodziwika:
Kupanikizika koyambirira (P 1 ) = 432 kPa
Kupanikizika komaliza (P2 ) = 492 kPa
Kutentha koyambirira (T 1 ) = 15 o C
Kufunidwa: Kutentha komaliza ( T2 )
Yankho:
Kuyerekeza kwa lamulo la Gay-Lussac :
2. Mpweya wabwino kwambiri mu chidebe chotsekedwa chokhala ndi voliyumu V, kupanikizika P, ndi kutentha T. Ngati voliyumu yake ikhala ndi nthawi ½ kuposa voliyumu yoyamba ndipo kutentha kwake kukakhala kowirikiza kanayi kuposa kutentha koyamba , kodi kupanikizika kwa mpweya mu dongosolo ndi kotani?
Zodziwika:
Kuchuluka koyambirira kwa mpweya (V 1 ) = V
Voliyumu yomaliza ya mpweya (V 2 ) = ½ V
Kutentha koyambirira kwa mpweya (T1 ) = T
Kutentha komaliza kwa mpweya (T2 ) = 4T
Kupanikizika koyambirira kwa mpweya (P 1 ) = P 1
Kufunidwa: Kupanikizika komaliza kwa mpweya ( P2 )
Yankho:
3. Mpweya wabwino poyamba mu chidebe chokhala ndi voliyumu V, kutentha T, ndi kupanikizika P. Ngati mpweya watenthedwa kotero kutentha kwake kumakhala 3/2 T ndipo kupanikizika kwake kumakhala 4/3 P, kodi voliyumu ya mpweya ndi yotani?
Zodziwika:
Kuchuluka koyambirira kwa mpweya (V 1 ) = V
Kutentha koyambirira kwa mpweya (T1 ) = T
Kutentha komaliza kwa mpweya (T2 ) = 3/2 T
Kupanikizika koyambirira kwa mpweya (P 1 ) = P
Kupanikizika komaliza kwa mpweya (P2 ) = 4/3 P
Kufunidwa: Kuchuluka kwa mpweya komaliza (V 2 )
Yankho:
4. Mpweya wabwino poyamba mu chidebe chokhala ndi voliyumu V ndi kupanikizika P. Ngati kutentha kwa mpweya kumakhala 5/4 T ndipo voliyumu yake imakhala ¾ V, kodi kupanikizika komaliza kwa mpweya ndi kotani?
Zodziwika:
Kuchuluka koyambirira kwa mpweya (V 1 ) = V
Voliyumu yomaliza ya mpweya (V 2 ) = 3/4 V
Kutentha koyambirira kwa mpweya (T1 ) = T
Kutentha komaliza kwa mpweya (T2 ) = 5/4 T
Kupanikizika koyambirira kwa mpweya (P 1 ) = P
Kufunidwa: Kupanikizika komaliza kwa mpweya ( P2 )
Yankho:
5. Mpweya wabwino poyamba mu chidebe chokhala ndi voliyumu V kutentha kwa T ndi kupanikizika kwa P. Ngati kutentha kwa mpweya kumakhala 3/2 T ndipo kupanikizika kwake kukhala 2P, kodi voliyumu yomaliza ya mpweya ndi yotani?
Zodziwika:
Kuchuluka koyambirira kwa mpweya (V 1 ) = V
Kutentha koyambirira kwa mpweya (T1 ) = T
Kutentha komaliza kwa mpweya (T2 ) = 3/2 T
Kupanikizika koyambirira kwa mpweya (P 1 ) = P
Kupanikizika komaliza kwa mpweya (P2 ) = 2P
Kufunidwa: Kuchuluka kwa mpweya komaliza (V 2 )
Yankho:
6. Poyamba ndimagawa mpweya m'chidebe chokhala ndi voliyumu V kutentha kwa T ndi kupanikizika kwa P. Ngati kutentha kwa mpweya kumakhala 2T ndipo kupanikizika kwa mpweya kumakhala 3/2 P, kodi voliyumu yomaliza ya mpweya ndi yotani?
Zodziwika:
Voliyumu yoyambirira (V 1 ) = V
Kutentha koyambirira (T 1 ) = T
Kupanikizika koyambirira (P 1 ) = P
Kutentha komaliza (T2 ) = 2T
Kupanikizika komaliza (P2 ) = 3/2 P
Kufunidwa: Kuchuluka kwa mpweya komaliza (V 2 )
Yankho:
7. Kutentha koyambirira kwa mpweya wabwino kwambiri mu chidebe chotsekedwa ndi 27°C. Ngati kuthamanga komaliza kuli kowirikiza kanayi kuposa kuthamanga koyambirira, kodi kutentha komaliza kwa chidebecho ndi kotani?
Yankho:
Chidebe chotsekedwa = voliyumu yosasintha = njira ya isochoric
Zodziwika:
Kutentha koyambirira kwa mpweya (T 1 ) = 27 o C + 273 = 300 K
Kupanikizika koyambirira kwa mpweya (P 1 ) = P
Kupanikizika komaliza kwa mpweya (P2 ) = 4P
Kufunidwa: Kutentha komaliza kwa mpweya ( T2 )
Yankho:
8. Mu chidebe chotsekedwa, kuchuluka kwa mpweya kumawonjezeka kufika kuwirikiza kawiri kuchuluka kwa mpweya woyambirira (Vo = voliyumu yoyamba , Po = kupanikizika koyamba ) ndipo kutentha kwa mpweya kumakhala kuwirikiza kanayi kutentha koyambirira. Kodi kupanikizika komaliza kwa mpweya ndi kotani?
Zodziwika:
Kuchuluka koyambirira kwa mpweya (V 1 ) = V o
Voliyumu yomaliza ya mpweya (V 2 ) = 2V o
Kutentha koyambirira kwa mpweya (T1 ) = T
Kutentha komaliza kwa mpweya (T2 ) = 4T
Kupanikizika koyambirira kwa mpweya (P 1 ) = P o
Kufunidwa: Kupanikizika komaliza kwa mpweya ( P2 )
Yankho:
9. Mpweya wabwino kwambiri m'mabotolo otsekedwa poyamba pa 27°C. Ngati kupanikizika komaliza kuli kowirikiza kanayi kuposa kupanikizika koyambirira, kodi kutentha kwa chidebecho ndi kotani?
Yankho:
Chidebe chotsekedwa = voliyumu yosasintha = njira ya isochoric.
Zodziwika:
Kutentha koyambirira kwa mpweya (T 1 ) = 27 o C + 273 = 300 K
Kupanikizika koyambirira kwa mpweya (P 1 ) = P
Kupanikizika komaliza kwa mpweya (P2 ) = 4P
Kufunidwa: Kutentha komaliza kwa mpweya ( T2 )
Yankho:
10. Mpweya wabwino umadutsa mu njira ya isothermal , kotero kuthamanga kwake kumakhala kawiri kuposa kuthamanga koyamba. Kodi voliyumu yomaliza ndi yotani?
Kutentha kwa Isothermal = kutentha kosalekeza
Zodziwika:
Kuchuluka koyambirira kwa mpweya (V 1 ) = V
Kupanikizika koyambirira kwa mpweya (P 1 ) = P
Kupanikizika komaliza kwa mpweya (P2 ) = 2P
Kufunidwa: Kuchuluka kwa mpweya komaliza (V 2 )
Yankho:
P 1 V 1 = P 2 V 2
PV = (2P) V 2
V = (2) V 2
V 2 = V / 2
V 2 = ½ V
11. Mpweya wabwino kwambiri womwe uli mu chidebe chotsekedwa ndi mphamvu P, kuchuluka V ndi kutentha T. Kutentha komaliza ndi 2T ndipo buku lomaliza ndi 3/2 V. Kodi chiŵerengero cha kuthamanga koyamba ndi chiyani? (P1) mpaka kukakamizidwa komaliza (P2).
Zodziwika:
Kupanikizika koyambirira ( P 1 ) = P
Voliyumu yoyambirira (V 1 ) = V
Voliyumu yomaliza (V 2 ) = 3/2 V
Kutentha koyambirira (T 1 ) = T
Kutentha komaliza (T2 ) = 2T
Chifuniro: Chiŵerengero cha kupanikizika koyambirira (P 1 ) ndi kupsinjika komaliza (P 2 )
Yankho:
Chiŵerengero cha kupanikizika koyamba ndi kupsinjika komaliza:
P 1 : P 2
P: 4P/3
1: 4/3
3 (1): (3) 4/3
3: 4
1 2. Mpweya wa okosijeni wokhala ndi voliyumu V, kutentha T ndi kupanikizika P mu chidebe chotsekedwa. Voliyumu yomaliza ya mpweya wa okosijeni ndi 3/4 V ndipo kutentha komaliza ndi 3/2 T. Kodi chiŵerengero cha kupanikizika koyambirira ndi kupsinjika komaliza ndi chiyani?
Zodziwika:
Kupanikizika koyambirira (P 1 ) = P
Voliyumu yoyambirira (V 1 ) = V
Voliyumu yomaliza (V 2 ) = 3/4 V
Kutentha koyambirira (T 1 ) = T
Kutentha komaliza (T2 ) = 3/2 T
Chifuniro: Chiŵerengero cha kupanikizika koyambirira (P 1 ) ndi kupsinjika komaliza (P 2 )
Yankho:
Chiŵerengero cha kupanikizika koyamba ndi kupsinjika komaliza:
P 1 : P 2
P: 2P
1: 2
13. Mpweya woyenera poyamba mu chidebe chokhala ndi voliyumu ya V, kutentha kwa T ndi kupanikizika kwa P. Ngati mpweya woyenera watenthedwa kotero kutentha kwake kumakhala 3/2 T ndipo kupanikizika kwake kumakhala 4/3 P, ndiye kuti voliyumu yomaliza ya mpweya woyenera ndi yotani?
Zodziwika:
Voliyumu yoyambirira (V 1 ) = V
Kutentha koyambirira (T 1 ) = T
Kupanikizika koyambirira (P 1 ) = P
Kutentha komaliza (T2 ) = 3/2 T
Kupanikizika komaliza (P2 ) = 4/3 P
Kufunidwa: Voliyumu Yomaliza (V 2 )
Yankho:
14. Gasi wabwino kwambiri m'chidebe chokhala ndi voliyumu ya V1, kutentha kwa T1 ndi pressure ya P1. Kenako mpweya umatenthedwa kotero kuti voliyumu yake imakhala Ndemanga ya 4/3 V1 ndipo kupanikizika kwake kumakhala 5/2 P1. Dziwani ckufananiza kwa yomaliza kutenthandindi gawo loyamba kutentha kwa mpweya.
Zodziwika:
Voliyumu yoyamba = V 1
Kutentha koyambirira = T 1
Kupanikizika koyamba = P 1
Voliyumu yomaliza = 4/3 V 1
Kupanikizika komaliza = 5/2 P 1
Kufunidwa : kuyerekeza kutentha komaliza ndi kutentha koyambirira kwa mpweya
Yankho:
