Kuwonjezera pa kupanikizika, chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zimasonyeza mtundu waukulu wa mpweya ndi kutentha (T). Equation ya kupanikizika kwa mpweya:
Phatikizani equation 1 ndi equation 2 :
Iyi ndi equation ya avareji ya kinetic energy ya mpweya poyerekeza ndi kutentha konse kwa mpweya.
Kutentha kumafanana mwachindunji ndi mphamvu yapakati ya kinetic ya mamolekyu a mpweya. Kutentha kukakhala kwakukulu, mphamvu yapakati ya kinetic ya kumasulira imakhala yokwera, kutentha kumakhala kochepa, mphamvu yapakati ya kinetic ya kumasulira imakhala yotsika. Titha kunena kuti kutentha ndi muyeso wa mphamvu yapakati ya kinetic ya kumasulira kwa mamolekyu.
Mtundu wina wa equation wa mphamvu yapakati ya kinetic ya mpweya:
n = nambala ya mole (mol), R = mpweya wosasintha wa chilengedwe chonse (R = 8.315 J / mol. K = 8315 kJ / kmol. K), T = kutentha kwathunthu (Kelvin), EK = mphamvu yapakati yosinthira ya mpweya wa molekyulu (Joule).
k = Boltzmann's constant, R = universal gas constant, NA = nambala ya Avogadro, M = molecular mass, m = mass, n = chiwerengero cha ma moles.
Choyamba, mphamvu ya kinetic yomasulira ndi mphamvu ya kinetic yomwe ili ndi zinthu kapena mamolekyu. Mayendedwe omasulira akhoza kukhala mu mawonekedwe a kuyenda molunjika, kuyenda kwa parabolic. Pomwe mphamvu ya kinetic yozungulira = mphamvu ya kinetic yomwe ili ndi zinthu kapena mamolekyu omwe amapanga kuyenda kozungulira.
Chachiwiri, mphamvu yapakati yomasulira ya kinetic mu equation yomwe ili pamwambapa imagwira ntchito pa mpweya wa monatomic wokha. Zitsanzo za mpweya wa monatomic ndi He (helium), Ar (Argon), ndi zina zotero. Kuwonjezera pa mpweya wa monatomic, palinso mpweya wa diatomic. Zitsanzo za mpweya wa diatomic ndi O2 (oxygen), N2 (nayitrogeni), CO (carbon monoxide), ndi zina zotero. Palinso mpweya wa polyatomic. Mwachitsanzo, CO2 (carbon dioxide) ndi zina zotero. Mpweya wa monatomic uli ndi atomu imodzi yokha; mpweya wa diatomic uli ndi ma atomu awiri, ndipo mpweya wa polyatomic uli ndi ma atomu ambiri.
Chachitatu, kutentha kotheratu kuyenera kufotokozedwa pa sikelo ya Kelvin (K). Ngati kutentha kukadali mu sikelo ya Celsius ( o C), sinthani kaye ku sikelo ya Kelvin (K).
Chachinayi, equation 1 ndi equation yachiwiri pamwambapa sizigwira ntchito pa zinthu za mpweya zokha, komanso pa zinthu zamadzimadzi ndi za mpweya.
Chitsanzo cha vuto:
Kodi mphamvu yapakati ya kinetic ya mamolekyu mu mpweya pa 40 °C ndi yotani?
Yankho:
