Nyali Zosungira Mphamvu Zosungira Mphamvu
Pakati pa kufunikira kwa magetsi komanso chidziwitso cha anthu pa nkhani zachilengedwe, nkhani yokhudza kuunikira kwapakhomo ikadali yofunika kwambiri. Kwa zaka zambiri, mababu a incandescent akhala chisankho chofala kwambiri chifukwa cha mtengo wawo wotsika, kuwala kofunda, komanso kupezeka mosavuta. Komabe, mababu a incandescent achizolowezi amadziwika kuti amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri: magetsi ambiri omwe amagwiritsa ntchito amasanduka kutentha, osati kuwala. Apa ndi pomwe lingaliro lodabwitsa koma losangalatsa linabuka: mababu a incandescent osagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri. Kodi n'zotheka kuti mababu a incandescent akhale ogwira ntchito bwino? Ndi ukadaulo uti womwe ukuwabweretsa pafupi ndi "osagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri"? Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza za lingaliro, chitukuko, ubwino, kuipa, ndi malangizo osankha kuunikira kwanzeru.
Kumvetsetsa Mababu a Incandescent Light ndi Chifukwa Chake Amawononga Mphamvu
Mababu a incandescent amagwira ntchito motsatira mfundo yosavuta. Pamene magetsi akuyenda kudzera mu ulusi (nthawi zambiri tungsten), amatentha mpaka atayatsa ndikupanga kuwala. Vuto ndilakuti, ulusi wowala umatulutsa mphamvu zambiri, kuphatikizapo kuwala kwa infrared, komwe timakuwona ngati kutentha. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mphamvu zambiri "zimawonongeka" ngati kutentha, pomwe gawo laling'ono limakhala kuwala kooneka.
Kawirikawiri, mphamvu ya mababu achikhalidwe a incandescent ndi yotsika kwambiri kuposa ya ukadaulo wamakono wowunikira monga ma LED. Zotsatira zake zimawonekera bwino pogwiritsa ntchito magetsi: kuti akwaniritse kuwala kopatsidwa, mababu a incandescent amafunika mphamvu zambiri (wattage). Chifukwa chake, mawu akuti "mababu a incandescent osunga mphamvu" nthawi zambiri samatanthauza mababu achikhalidwe a incandescent, koma mitundu yabwino kapena mababu omwe "amaoneka ngati incandescent" pankhani ya mtundu wowala ndi mawonekedwe, koma amagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wothandiza kwambiri.
Kodi tanthauzo la "nyali zosungira mphamvu" ndi chiyani?
Mu msika, mawuwa angatanthauze zinthu zingapo:
1. Nyali ya halogen (chowunikira cha halogen)
Halogen ndi njira yopangira nyali yoyatsira magetsi. Imagwiritsabe ntchito ulusi wa tungsten, koma babuyo ili ndi mpweya wa halogen (monga ayodini kapena bromine) womwe umathandizira "kayendedwe ka halogen," zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ulusiwo uzigwira ntchito kutentha kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ukhale ndi moyo wautali komanso kuwala kowala kwambiri pa mphamvu yomweyo. Poyerekeza ndi nyali zachikhalidwe zoyatsira magetsi, ma halogen nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito bwino, ngakhale kuti amatsalirabe ndi ma LED.
2. Nyali zowala kwambiri zokhala ndi kapangidwe kowala kapena ukadaulo wokutira
Zinthu zina zatsopano zimayesa "kubwezera" kutentha kwa infrared ku ulusi pogwiritsa ntchito utoto wapadera (infrared coating). M'malingaliro, kutentha komwe kumawonetsedwa kungathandize kusunga kutentha kwa ulusi, kumafuna magetsi ochepa kuti apange kuwala kofanana. Mtundu uwu waukadaulo wapangidwa m'mapulojekiti osiyanasiyana ofufuza, ngakhale kuti kugwiritsa ntchito kwake sikuli kofala nthawi zonse pamsika wogulitsa.
3. Ma LED okhala ndi mawonekedwe ndi mtundu wofanana ndi incandescent
Anthu ambiri amatcha magetsi a LED kuti "ma incandescent osawononga mphamvu" chifukwa amapanga kuwala koyera kofunda kofanana ndi mababu a incandescent (pafupifupi 2700K), ndipo mababu awo amafanana ndi mababu akale a incandescent. Ngakhale kuti si mababu a incandescent kwenikweni, ndi njira yotchuka kwambiri yopezera kuwala kwa incandescent popanda kuwononga mphamvu.
Motero, "kusunga mphamvu" pankhani ya nyali zoyatsira magetsi nthawi zambiri kumatanthauza kusintha nyali zoyatsira magetsi zachizolowezi ndi ukadaulo womwe umagwirizana ndi mawonekedwe awo a kuwala, kaya ma halogen abwino kapena ma LED ogwira ntchito bwino kwambiri.
Kuyerekeza Mwachangu: Incandescent, Halogen, CFL, ndi LED
Kuti zikhale zosavuta kumvetsetsa, nayi chitsanzo chosavuta:
– Nyali zachizolowezi zowala: kuwala kofunda, CRI yabwino kwambiri (kulondola kwa mitundu), yotsika mtengo, koma yosagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yayitali komanso yosakhalitsa.
– Halogen: kuwala kofanana ndi incandescent, kugwira ntchito bwino pang'ono, kukhala ndi moyo wautali kuposa incandescent, koma kumaperekabe kutentha kwakukulu.
– CFL (nyali yosunga mphamvu yozungulira): kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kochepa, koma kumatha kukhala ndi mercury ndipo mtundu wa kuwala umasiyana.
– LED: imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri, imakhala nthawi yayitali, kutentha kochepa, mitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso kuwala kosiyanasiyana, koma ubwino wa chinthucho umadalira kwambiri mtundu/dalaivala.
Ngati cholinga chanu chachikulu ndicho kusunga mphamvu, ma LED nthawi zambiri amakhala chisankho chabwino kwambiri. Ngati mukufuna mawonekedwe a kuwala kwa incandescent ndipo mukufunabe kusunga ndalama zambiri kuposa ma incandescent achikhalidwe, ma halogen akhoza kukhala "mlatho," ngakhale kuti kusunga ndalama sikofunikira kwambiri ngati ma LED.
N’chifukwa Chiyani Mithunzi ya Kuwala kwa Incandescent Ikufunidwabe?
Ngakhale kuti nyali zotentha zimakhala zodula, zimakondedwa pazifukwa zingapo:
1. Mitundu yowala yofunda komanso yofewa
Mababu oyaka moto amapanga kuwala kosalekeza, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu ziwoneke zachilengedwe kwambiri. Izi nthawi zambiri zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi mlengalenga "wofunda" wapakhomo.
2. Yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito m'maso nthawi zina
Mu chipinda chochezera, chipinda chogona, kapena lesitilanti, kuwala kofunda nthawi zambiri kumakhala kotonthoza kuposa koyera kozizira.
3. Yosavuta kufewetsa (yofewetsa)
Mababu ambiri otulutsa kuwala amaphatikizidwa mosavuta ndi choyezera kuwala chosavuta. Ma LED amathanso kuchepetsedwa, koma amafunika chowongolera chogwirizana ndi choyezera kuwala kuti chisagwedezeke.
Pazifukwa izi, zatsopano za "incandescent yosunga mphamvu" nthawi zambiri zimafuna kusunga kuwala kwabwino komanso chitonthozo chowoneka bwino komanso kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu.
Momwe Mungasankhire Kuwala Kogwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu Moyenera Ndi Kumveka "Kowala"
Ngati mukufuna kuwala kwa incandescent koma kotsika mtengo, ganizirani mfundo izi:
1. Yang'anani kwambiri pa ma lumens, osati ma watts
Mphamvu yamagetsi imasonyeza kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, osati kuwala. Kuti muyerekeze kuwala, yang'anani ma lumens. Mwachitsanzo, babu yowunikira yomwe ili ndi ma lumens pafupifupi 800 nthawi zambiri imakhala yofanana ndi kuwala kwa incandescent ya 60W (manambala amatha kusiyana malinga ndi zomwe zapangidwa).
2. Sankhani kutentha kwa mtundu (Kelvin) 2700K–3000K
Kuti mupange mtundu wowala, yang'anani chizindikiro cha Warm White pafupifupi 2700K. Ngati mukufuna mtundu wowala pang'ono koma wofunda, 3000K ingakhale yoyenera.
3. Samalani ndi CRI (Color Rendering Index)
Mababu a incandescent amadziwika ndi CRI yawo yokwera. Sankhani mababu okhala ndi CRI ya 80 kapena kupitirira apo, ndipo ngati n'kotheka, CRI ya 90 kapena kupitirira apo kuti mupeze mitundu yolondola, makamaka m'zipinda zodyera, zipinda zopumira, kapena malo owonetsera.
4. Onetsetsani kuti "kung'anima" kuli kochepa
Ma LED ena otsika mtengo amakhala ndi kuwala kochepa komwe kungathe kutopa maso anu mwachangu. Yang'anani zinthu zomwe zimalengeza kuwala kochepa kapena gwiritsani ntchito madalaivala apamwamba.
5. Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito choyezera kuwala (dimmer), onetsetsani kuti chikugwirizana ndi zomwe mukufuna.
Gwiritsani ntchito ma LED otha kuzimitsidwa ndi choyezera kuwala choyenera. Kuphatikiza kolakwika kungayambitse kuthwanima, kulira, kapena kulephera kwa nyali msanga.
6. Taganizirani mawonekedwe a babu
Ma LED ambiri amakono amabwera mu mawonekedwe a mababu akale (A60), makandulo, kapena ulusi wa LED womwe umaoneka ngati ulusi wa incandescent. Izi ndizoyenera kuunikira kokongoletsera.
Sungani Mphamvu Osati Kuchokera ku Magetsi Okha
Kupatula kusintha nyali, kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi kungachepetsedwenso kudzera mu zizolowezi ndi kapangidwe kake:
- Gwiritsani ntchito magetsi ozikidwa pa malo: yatsani magetsi m'malo omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito okha.
- Yesetsani kuwala kwachilengedwe kwambiri: tsegulani makatani, gwiritsani ntchito mitundu yowala kwambiri ya khoma.
- Gwiritsani ntchito nyali yoyenera: mthunzi womwe umawunikira bwino kuwala ukhoza kuwonjezera "kumverera kwa kuwala" popanda kuwonjezera mphamvu yamagetsi.
- Tsukani malo ogwirira ntchito nthawi zonse: fumbi pa chivundikiro ndi babu limachepetsa kutulutsa kwa kuwala.
Ndi njira iyi, mphamvu yofunikira pakuunikira imatha kuchepetsedwa popanda kuwononga chitonthozo.
Mapeto
Mawu akuti "Mababu Ogwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu Moyenera" kwenikweni amafotokoza cholinga chokwaniritsa mawonekedwe ofunda komanso olondola a kuwala kwa incandescent, koma ndi mphamvu yochepa yogwiritsira ntchito. Mwachizolowezi, zosankha zodziwika kwambiri ndi mababu a halogen (ogwira ntchito bwino kuposa mababu wamba a incandescent) kapena mababu a LED okhala ndi utoto wa incandescent (otsika mtengo komanso okhalitsa). Ngati mumakonda kuwala kwa incandescent, sankhani LED yoyera yofunda ya 2700K yokhala ndi CRI yapamwamba komanso chowongolera chabwino. Mwanjira imeneyi, mutha kusunga malo ofunda m'nyumba mwanu pamene mukusunga ndalama zamagetsi ndikuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe.
Ngati mukufuna, ndingakuthandizeni kusintha nkhaniyi kukhala mawu oyenera 1000 (pakadali pano ili pafupi ndi 1000), kapena kuisintha kukhala yasayansi/yodziwika bwino, yokhala ndi zitsanzo za kuwerengera ndalama zosungira magetsi.
