Malangizo Azachuma kwa Ophunzira
Kukhala wophunzira nthawi zambiri kumatanthauza kukhala ndi bajeti yochepa. Ndalama zimaoneka ngati zokwera—kuyambira chakudya ndi mayendedwe mpaka deta ya pa intaneti mpaka zinthu zaku koleji—pomwe ndalama zimachepa chifukwa cha ndalama zomwe makolo amapereka, maphunziro, kapena ntchito yanthawi yochepa. Komabe, izi sizikutanthauza kuti ophunzira sangakhale ndi ndalama zokwanira. Ndipotu, koleji ndi nthawi yabwino kwambiri yopangira zizolowezi zachuma zomwe zidzakhala zofunika kwambiri mukamaliza maphunziro. Nazi malangizo ena azachuma kwa ophunzira omwe mungagwiritse ntchito tsopano kuti musamale bwino ndalama zanu zam'thumba, kuonetsetsa kuti zimakhala nthawi yayitali, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mukusungabe ndalama.
1. Mvetsetsani momwe ndalama zanu zilili: ndalama zomwe mumapeza komanso zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito
Gawo loyamba lofunika kwambiri ndikumvetsetsa ndalama zomwe mumapeza. Ophunzira ambiri amaona kuti ndalama zawo "zikutha" chifukwa satsatira ndalama zomwe amawononga. Yambani powerengera ndalama zomwe mumapeza pamwezi: ndalama zomwe mumapeza m'thumba, maphunziro, ntchito yodziyimira pawokha, kapena ntchito yanthawi yochepa. Kenako, lembani ndalama zonse zomwe mumawononga, ngakhale zazing'ono monga khofi, zokhwasula-khwasula, kapena malo oimika magalimoto. Izi zikuthandizani kuzindikira kutuluka kwakukulu kwa ndalama.
Njira yosavuta ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yotsatirira ndalama kapena spreadsheet yosavuta. Ngati zimenezo zikukuvutani kwambiri, ingogwiritsani ntchito njira yolembera tsiku ndi tsiku mu zolemba za foni yanu. Chinsinsi si chida, koma kusinthasintha. Ndi deta yomveka bwino, mutha kupanga zisankho zomveka bwino, osati kutengera momwe mukumvera mumtima mwanu.
2. Pangani bajeti yeniyeni ya mwezi uliwonse
Mukamvetsetsa momwe mumagwiritsira ntchito ndalama, pangani bajeti ya mwezi uliwonse. Bajeti sikutanthauza kuti muyenera kukhala moyo wosalira zambiri moti mumakhala ndi chisoni, koma imatanthauza kukhazikitsa malire omveka bwino kuti musathe ndalama pakati pa mwezi. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mfundo yosavuta monga kugawa ndalama zanu m'magulu angapo: chakudya, mayendedwe, zosowa za koleji, mabilu (lendi, magetsi, deta), ndalama zosungira, ndi zosangalatsa.
Onetsetsani kuti bajeti yanu ndi yokwanira. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mwazolowera kudya kunja, musamaganizire kuphika 100% kunyumba nthawi yomweyo. Yambani ndi kusintha pang'ono: kuphika kawiri mpaka katatu pa sabata, kapena kuchepetsa zakumwa zanu zokhala ndi shuga kumapeto kwa sabata. Bajeti yocheperako ingakhale yovuta kusamalira ndipo ingayambitse kubwezera kugula pambuyo pake.
3. Ikani patsogolo zosowa kuposa zofuna
Chimodzi mwa zovuta zazikulu zomwe ophunzira amakumana nazo ndi kusiyanitsa pakati pa zosowa ndi zomwe akufuna. Zosowa ndi zinthu zomwe, ngati sizikwaniritsidwa, zingasokoneze zochitika zazikulu, monga chakudya, mayendedwe, mabuku, ndi ndalama zolipirira labu. Zosowa nthawi zambiri zimakhala zowonjezera ndipo zimatha kuchedwetsedwa, monga kusintha zida zamagetsi, kucheza kwambiri, kapena kugula zinthu zamakono.
Izi sizikutanthauza kuti simuyenera kukwaniritsa zomwe mukufuna. Mutha kusangalalabe, koma onetsetsani kuti zosowa zanu zakwaniritsidwa kaye. Dziphunzitseni kudzifunsa musanagule: "Kodi izi ndizofunikira sabata ino?" kapena "Kodi ndingathe kuzichedwetsa mpaka mwezi wamawa?" Zizolowezi zazing'onozi zingakupulumutseni ku kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama mosasamala.
4. Tsatirani malamulo osungira ndalama kuyambira pachiyambi
Kusunga ndalama ukali wophunzira nthawi zambiri kumaonedwa kuti n'kovuta chifukwa cha ndalama zochepa zomwe umagwiritsa ntchito posungira ndalama. Komabe, kusunga ndalama sikutanthauza ndalama zambiri, koma chizolowezi. Gwiritsani ntchito mfundo yakuti "dzilipireni kaye": mukangolandira ndalama zanu kapena malipiro anu, nthawi yomweyo sungani ndalama zina kuti musunge. Ngati mukuyembekezera "ndalama zotsala" kumapeto kwa mwezi, nthawi zambiri simudzakhala ndi chilichonse chotsala.
Yambani ndi ndalama zochepa, mwachitsanzo, 5–10% ya ndalama zomwe mumapeza. Ngati ndalama zomwe mumapeza ndi Rp1.000.000 pamwezi, kusunga Rp50.000–Rp100.000 ndi lingaliro labwino. Chofunika ndikukhala okhazikika. Ndalama zimenezi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ndalama zochepa zogulira zinthu mwadzidzidzi monga matenda, kukonza laputopu, kapena ndalama zina zowonjezera pantchito za ku koleji.
5. Konzani mtundu wa ophunzira wa thumba ladzidzidzi
Ndalama zothandizira anthu osowa thandizo siziyenera kukhala zofanana ndi ndalama zomwe zimafunika kwa miyezi itatu mpaka isanu ndi umodzi, monga momwe antchito amalangizira. Monga wophunzira, mutha kupanga ndalama zothandizira anthu osowa thandizo pang'onopang'ono, mwachitsanzo, ndi cholinga choyamba cha Rp 300.000–Rp 1.000.000. Musasakanize ndalamazi ndi ndalama zomwe mumalandira tsiku lililonse kuti mupewe kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama mopitirira muyeso.
Sungani ndalama zanu zadzidzidzi pamalo osavuta kuzipeza koma osakopa kwambiri, monga akaunti ina kapena chikwama chamagetsi chomwe simuchipeza kawirikawiri. Cholinga chake n'chomveka: chigwiritseni ntchito pazadzidzidzi zenizeni, osati pazamtengo wotsika.
6. Chepetsani moyo wa "kutsata khamu la anthu"
Gulu la anzanu limakhudza kwambiri ndalama zomwe mumawononga. Anzanu akamacheza nthawi zambiri m'malo okwera mtengo, zimakhala zosavuta kumva chisoni ndi kuchepa kwa ndalama. Komabe, kutsatira moyo wa munthu wina kungakuwonongereni ndalama.
Phunzirani kukhala oona mtima komanso aulemu. Mungapereke njira zina: kucheza m'malo otsika mtengo, kuphika limodzi kunyumba kwanu yogona, kapena kusankha zochita zaulere monga kuyenda masana, kuphunzira m'magulu, kapena masewera. Mabwenzi abwino adzalemekeza momwe mulili pazachuma, ndipo mutha kuchezerana popanda kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zambiri.
7. Gwiritsani ntchito mwayi wopeza kuchotsera kwa ophunzira ndi zinthu zina zofunika
Ophunzira ali ndi maubwino ambiri omwe nthawi zambiri amanyalanyazidwa: kuchotsera mayendedwe, kuchotsera mafomu ofunsira, mwayi wolowa mu laibulale, magazini a pasukulu, komanso zotsatsa zakudya. Khalani ndi chizolowezi chofufuza zinthu zakusukulu zomwe zingakupulumutseni ndalama. Mwachitsanzo, m'malo mogula buku lokwera mtengo, yang'anani ngati laibulale ili ndi buku la e-book kapena kubwereka kwa wophunzira wachikulire.
Komabe, kumbukirani: kuchotsera si chifukwa chogulira zinthu zomwe simukuzifuna kwenikweni. Gwiritsani ntchito zotsatsa kuti zigwirizane ndi zosowa zanu, osati kuti muwonjezere ndalama zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito.
8. Yang'anani ndalama zowonjezera malinga ndi luso lanu
Ngati ndandanda yanu ya kalasi ilola, kupeza ndalama zowonjezera kungakhale yankho. Ntchito zambiri ndizoyenera ophunzira, monga kupanga mapulani odziyimira pawokha, kulemba, kumasulira, kuphunzitsa, kuyang'anira malo ochezera a pa Intaneti, kapena kugwira ntchito yanthawi yochepa ku cafe. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito luso losavuta monga kusintha makanema, kupanga mawonetsero, kapena kukhala wojambula zithunzi za zochitika ku sukulu.
Chofunika kwambiri ndi kusankha ntchito yomwe singasokoneze maphunziro anu ndi thanzi lanu. Musalole kuti kufunafuna ndalama kukupangitseni kumaliza maphunziro anu mochedwa kapena kukhala ndi nkhawa kwambiri. Ndalama zowonjezera ziyeneranso kukhala ndi cholinga: zina zosungira ndalama, zina zolipirira koleji, ndi zina zosangalalira ndi zipatso za ntchito yanu.
9. Pewani ngongole za ogula
Ngongole ikhoza kukhala msampha, makamaka ngati ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zogulira. Ophunzira ayenera kusamala ndi mapulani olipira, ngongole za pa intaneti, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito makhadi ena a ngongole ochokera kwa makolo awo. Kubweza ndalama mosavuta nthawi zambiri kumapangitsa anthu kumva kuti ndi "otsika mtengo," pomwe kwenikweni, akungoyimitsa katunduyo mwezi wotsatira, zomwe zingabweretse chiwongola dzanja ndi zilango.
Ngati muyenera kubwereka, onetsetsani kuti ndi chifukwa cha zosowa zanu ndipo muli ndi dongosolo loyenera lobwezera. Ndi bwino kuchedwetsa kugula kusiyana ndi kusonkhanitsa ndalama zomwe zingakupangitseni kukhala ndi mavuto.
10. Kuwunika ndalama sabata iliyonse kapena mwezi uliwonse
Ndalama zabwino zimafuna kuyesedwa. Ikani pambali mphindi 15-30 kumapeto kwa sabata kapena mwezi uliwonse kuti muwunikenso: kodi bajeti yanu ikugwira ntchito? Kodi ndalama zanu zazikulu ndi ziti? Kodi kusunga ndalama kukupita patsogolo? Kuchokera pamenepo, mutha kusintha njira yanu ya mwezi wotsatira.
Kuwunikanso kumakuthandizani kuzindikira kupita patsogolo. Mwina poyamba munkagwiritsa ntchito ndalama zambiri, koma patatha miyezi iwiri mwasunga ndalama nthawi zonse. Kusintha pang'ono kumeneku n'kofunika kuyamikira chifukwa kumasonyeza kusintha kwa zizolowezi.
Kutseka
Kusamalira ndalama zanu monga wophunzira sikutanthauza kupulumuka mpaka kumapeto kwa mwezi, komanso kumanga maziko a zizolowezi zachuma zomwe zingakuthandizeni moyo wanu wonse. Yambani ndi zinthu zosavuta: tsatirani ndalama zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito, pangani bajeti, siyanitsani pakati pa zosowa ndi zosowa, ndikupanga kusunga ndalama kukhala chizolowezi. Ndi maphunziro ang'onoang'ono komanso okhazikika, mudzakhala ndi chidziwitso cha ku koleji chodekha, mantha ochepa mukakumana ndi ndalama zosayembekezereka, ndikukonzekera bwino mtsogolo.
Ngati mumachita zinthu mosasinthasintha, mudzazindikira kuti kukhala moyo wosalira zambiri sikutanthauza kukhala moyo wosasangalala kwenikweni—kutanthauza kukhala ndi moyo wokonzekera bwino komanso wopanda mavuto azachuma.
