Njira Zosamalira Khungu kwa Odwala Omwe Ali ndi Zilonda Zopanikizika
Chilonda cha kupanikizika ndi kuwonongeka kwa khungu ndi minofu yapansi komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kupanikizika kwa nthawi yayitali, kukangana, kapena kudulidwa, makamaka pa mafupa monga tailbone, zidendene, chiuno, zigongono, ndi msana. Matendawa nthawi zambiri amakhudza odwala omwe ali pabedi, omwe ali pampando wa olumala, omwe ali ndi vuto loyenda pang'ono, omwe ali ndi vuto la kutopa, omwe ali ndi vuto la kudya zakudya m'thupi, kapena omwe ali ndi matenda osatha. Kusamalira khungu moyenera ndikofunikira kwambiri popewa zilonda za kupanikizika kuti zisakule, kufulumizitsa kuchira, kuchepetsa ululu, komanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza njira zosamalira khungu zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito mwadongosolo kwa odwala omwe ali ndi zilonda za kupanikizika.
1. Kumvetsetsa zolinga za chisamaliro cha khungu la zilonda zopanikizika
Kusamalira khungu la odwala omwe ali ndi zilonda za m'mimba sikuti ndi kungoyeretsa bala, koma ndi njira zingapo zochitira izi: (1) kusunga ukhondo ndi chinyezi chokwanira pakhungu, (2) kuteteza khungu ku madzi otupa m'thupi, (3) kuchepetsa kuvulala chifukwa cha kukangana ndi mphamvu zodula, (4) kupanga malo abwino ochiritsira mabala, ndi (5) kuzindikira zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda kapena kuwonongeka kwatsopano pakhungu. Pomvetsetsa zolinga izi, anamwino ndi mabanja amatha kupanga zisankho zodziwa bwino, monga nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito mafuta oteteza khungu, nthawi yosinthira mavalidwe, komanso nthawi yofunsira kwa dokotala.
2. Kuwunika khungu nthawi zonse ndikuwunika zoopsa zake
Njira yofunikira kwambiri ndi kuwunika khungu nthawi zonse, kamodzi patsiku, ndipo nthawi zambiri kwa odwala omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu (monga omwe ali ndi vuto losadziletsa kapena thukuta kwambiri). Kuwunikako kuyenera kuphatikizapo: kufiira komwe kumapitirira ndi kupanikizika pang'ono, kutentha, kutupa, kufewa, malo owala, matuza, kapena kusintha kwa khungu lakuda (nthawi zambiri lofiirira kapena labuluu). Malo oti muwone ndi monga sacrum/tailbone, matako, zidendene, akakolo, chiuno, ntchafu, msana, mapewa, komanso kumbuyo kwa mutu mwa odwala omwe akhala akugona kwa nthawi yayitali. Kuwunika zoopsa pogwiritsa ntchito zida monga Braden scale (ngati ilipo) kumathandiza kudziwa kuchuluka kwa malo osinthira, kufunikira kwa ma padding apadera, komanso mphamvu ya chisamaliro cha khungu.
3. Ukhondo wa pakhungu: yeretsani m'njira "yofatsa"
Khungu la odwala omwe ali ndi zilonda za m'mimba ndi lofooka kwambiri. Kutsuka mwamphamvu kungawononge chitetezo cha khungu ndikukulitsa bala. Chofunika kwambiri ndikukhala wofatsa, wodekha, komanso wolondola.
1. Gwiritsani ntchito chotsukira chokhala ndi pH yokwanira (bwino kuposa sopo wouma) kuti muchepetse kukwiya.
2. Pewani madzi otentha kwambiri chifukwa amatha kuchotsa mafuta achilengedwe a khungu.
3. Pukuta pang'onopang'ono, osapukuta. Kupukuta kumawonjezera kukangana ndipo kungayambitse kuvulala kwatsopano, makamaka m'malo ofiira.
4. Tsukani malo a bala motsatira ndondomeko: nthawi zambiri gwiritsani ntchito madzi omwe dokotala wakupatsani (nthawi zambiri ndi saline solution), osati mankhwala amphamvu opha tizilombo popanda malangizo, chifukwa mankhwala ena opha tizilombo amatha kuwononga minofu yathanzi ngati atagwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika.
4. Sungani chinyezi: tetezani khungu kuti lisakhale lonyowa kwambiri kapena louma kwambiri.
Kunyowa kwambiri (monga thukuta, mkodzo, kapena ndowe) kumayambitsa maceration: khungu limawoneka loyera, lofewa, komanso losweka mosavuta. Komabe, khungu louma kwambiri limakhalanso ndi ming'alu ndi kuvulala. Chifukwa chake, kulinganiza bwino ndikofunikira.
– Pakhungu louma: Pakani mafuta odzola nthawi zonse pakhungu lomwe latsala, makamaka mukatha kusamba. Sankhani mafuta odzola opanda fungo kuti muchepetse kukwiya.
– Pakhungu lomwe limapezeka nthawi zambiri ku mkodzo/ndowe: Gwiritsani ntchito kirimu woteteza monga zinc oxide kapena dimethicone pamalo ovuta (monga m'mimba, matako, ndi m'mimba). Kugwiritsa ntchito kirimu woteteza kumachepetsa kukhudzana mwachindunji ndi madzi okwiyitsa pakhungu.
– Sinthani matewera/mapepala akangonyowa kapena kuipitsidwa. Kuchedwetsa kusintha matewera kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha dermatitis yokhudzana ndi kusadziletsa komanso kumathandizira kukula kwa zilonda.
Kusamalira chinyezi ndiye maziko a chisamaliro cha khungu chifukwa zilonda zambiri za kupanikizika zimakula osati chifukwa cha kupanikizika kokha, komanso chifukwa khungu limakhala lonyowa komanso lokwiya nthawi zonse.
5. Chepetsani kuthamanga kwa magazi: kusintha malo ake ndikugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zothandizira
Palibe chithandizo chosamalira khungu chomwe chingathandize ngati kupanikizika pamalo a bala sikulamuliridwa. Njira zosamalira khungu ziyenera kugwirizana ndi kusamalira kupanikizika.
– Kusintha malo ogona: Odwala omwe ali pabedi nthawi zambiri amafunika kusintha malo awo nthawi ndi nthawi (monga maola awiri aliwonse, kutengera momwe alili). Ogwiritsa ntchito mipando ya olumala angafunike kusintha malo awo pafupipafupi.
- Gwiritsani ntchito pilo kapena "wedge" kuti muchepetse kupanikizika pa fupa lomwe likutuluka, mwachitsanzo, gwirizirani msana wanu pa ngodya ya madigiri 30 kuti sacrum isakanizidwe mwachindunji.
– Tetezani zidendene zanu: Chidendene ndi malo ofala kwambiri a zilonda zomwe zimakhala zovuta kuchiritsa. Gwiritsani ntchito chothandizira chomwe "chimakweza" chidendene chanu kuchokera pa matiresi (kutulutsa chidendene).
- Pewani "ma cushion a donut" a sacrum/matako chifukwa amatha kuwonjezera kupanikizika m'mbali ndikusokoneza kuyenda kwa magazi.
- Gwiritsani ntchito matiresi kapena pedi yoletsa kupanikizika (thovu lapadera, kupanikizika kosinthasintha) malinga ndi zosowa ndi kuthekera kwa malo ogwirira ntchito.
Cholinga chachikulu ndikubwezeretsa kuyenda kwa magazi kumalo opanikizika kuti minofu ilandire mpweya ndi michere.
6. Chepetsani kukangana ndi kumeta minofu mukasuntha odwala.
Kukangana ndi kudulidwa kwa bere nthawi zambiri kumachitika wodwala akakokedwa pa nsalu zogona kapena pamene mutu wake uli wokwera kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti thupi ligwedezeke. Kuwonongeka kwa zilonda kungayambitse zilonda kukulirakulira.
– Gwiritsani ntchito pepala losonyeza momwe wodwalayo akuonekera.
– Nyamulani, musakoke thupi la wodwalayo mukamasintha malo.
- Sinthani mutu wa bedi kufika pamalo oyenera, osati okwera kwambiri kwa nthawi yayitali ngati sikofunikira, kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chogwa.
- Valani zovala zosalala, zopanda makwinya; konzani mapepala anu kuti pasakhale mikwingwirima pakhungu lanu.
Njira imeneyi nthawi zambiri imaoneka yosavuta, koma ndi yofunika kwambiri, makamaka kwa okalamba omwe ali ndi khungu lochepa thupi.
7. Kusamalira mabala ndi mavalidwe: kusankha yoyenera ndikuisintha bwino
Ma dressing amasunga malo onyowa omwe amathandiza kuchira, kuyamwa madzi ochulukirapo, kuteteza ku kuipitsidwa, komanso kuchepetsa ululu. Ma dressing amasiyana (thovu, hydrocolloid, alginate, ndi ena) ndipo ayenera kutsimikiziridwa ndi katswiri wa zaumoyo kutengera gawo la bala, kuchuluka kwa exudate, fungo, ndi momwe khungu lozungulira lilili.
Mfundo zofunika pa chisamaliro chotetezeka cha zovala:
– Sambani m'manja musanayambe komanso mutalandira chithandizo.
- Sinthani kuvala monga momwe zakonzedwera kapena mwamsanga ngati kwanyowa, kwadetsedwa, kapena kotayirira.
- Tetezani khungu lozungulira bala ndi filimu/kirimu yoteteza ngati nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi madzi a bala.
– Musachotse chidebecho mwamphamvu. Ngati chikumatira, chinyowetseni monga momwe mwalangizidwira kuti musawononge minofu yatsopano.
Kuphatikiza apo, ngati pali minofu yakufa (necrosis) kapena zizindikiro za matenda, wodwalayo amafunika kuunikiridwa ndi akatswiri chifukwa angafunike kuchotsedwa m'thupi kapena chithandizo chapadera.
8. Thandizo la zakudya komanso madzi okwanira pakhungu labwino
Khungu ndi zilonda zimafuna mapuloteni, ma calories, mavitamini, ndi mchere kuti zimange minofu. Kusadya bwino kumapangitsa kuti zilonda zisachiritse ndipo kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda. Kawirikawiri:
– Mapuloteni okwanira kupanga minofu yatsopano.
– Imwani madzi okwanira kuti khungu lanu lisaume mosavuta komanso kuti magazi aziyenda bwino.
– Zakudya zochepa monga vitamini C ndi zinc nthawi zambiri zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi machiritso, koma zowonjezera ziyenera kutengera kuwunika kwa katswiri wa zaumoyo kuti apewe zizindikiro zopitirira muyeso kapena zosayenera.
Ngati wodwala akuvutika kudya chifukwa cha nseru, mavuto omeza, kapena matenda ena, kufunsa dokotala za zakudya ndikofunikira kuti apange njira (kapangidwe ka chakudya, kudya pang'ono pafupipafupi, kapena kudya zakudya zamkati ngati pakufunika).
9. Zizindikiro zoopsa: nthawi yoti mupeze thandizo lachipatala nthawi yomweyo
Kusamalira khungu kunyumba kuyenera kuchitika mosamala nthawi zonse. Funsani katswiri wa zaumoyo nthawi yomweyo ngati:
– Chilondacho chimakula kwambiri kapena kukulirakulira, kapena mabala atsopano amaonekera.
- Pali mafinya, fungo lamphamvu, kufiira kwambiri, kutentha kwa khungu lozungulira, kapena kupweteka kowonjezereka.
– Wodwalayo ali ndi malungo, kuzizira, kapena akuoneka wofooka.
– Chovalacho nthawi zonse chimadzaza ndi madzi kapena kutuluka magazi kumachitika.
– Madera akuda amaonekera pakhungu (mwina necrosis) kapena matuza akuluakulu.
Kulandira chithandizo msanga kungateteze matenda aakulu komanso mavuto omwe angaike moyo pachiswe.
Mapeto
Njira zosamalira khungu la odwala omwe ali ndi zilonda zapakhungu zimaphatikizapo kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse, ukhondo wofatsa, kusamalira chinyezi, kuchepetsa kupanikizika kudzera mukusintha malo ndi zida zothandizira, kupewa kukangana ndi kudula khungu panthawi yoyenda, komanso kusankha zovala zoyenera. Izi ziyenera kuthandizidwa ndi zakudya zokwanira komanso madzi okwanira, komanso kuyang'anira zizindikiro zochenjeza zomwe zimafuna kuwunika kwa dokotala. Ndi njira yonse komanso yokhazikika, zilonda zapakhungu zimatha kupewedwa kuti zisakule kwambiri ndipo mwayi wochira umawonjezeka kwambiri.
