Kuzindikira Matenda a Khungu mwa Agalu: Buku Lophunzitsira
Agalu ndi amodzi mwa ziweto zodziwika kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, zomwe zimayamikiridwa chifukwa cha kukhulupirika kwawo, ubwenzi, komanso kusewera kwawo. Komabe, monga anthu, agalu amatha kudwala matenda osiyanasiyana a pakhungu. Kuzindikira msanga ndi chithandizo choyenera ndikofunikira kwambiri pa thanzi la galu komanso thanzi lake. M'nkhaniyi, tikambirana za matenda ena omwe amapezeka pakhungu mwa agalu, momwe mungawazindikire, komanso njira zomwe mungachite kuti muwathetse ndikupewa.
1. Matenda a Khungu (Allergy Dermatitis)
Zizindikiro: Matenda a ziwengo ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa kuyabwa ndi dermatitis mwa agalu. Zizindikiro zake ndi monga kuyabwa kwambiri, kufiira, kutupa, matuza, ndi zilonda pakhungu. Agalu amatha kukanda, kuluma, kapena kunyambita malo omwe akhudzidwawo pafupipafupi.
Zifukwa: Kusamvana kumeneku kungayambitsidwe ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana kuphatikizapo kusamvana ndi chakudya, mungu, fumbi la m'nyumba, mankhwala omwe amapezeka mu zotsukira kapena zotsukira agalu, komanso kulumidwa ndi tizilombo monga utitiri kapena udzudzu.
Kuzindikira ndi Kuchiza: Dokotala wanu wa ziwengo akhoza kuchita mayeso a ziwengo kuti adziwe chomwe chimayambitsa ziwengo. Chithandizocho chimaphatikizapo mankhwala oletsa kutupa, corticosteroids, mankhwala odzola ndi shampoo, komanso kusintha zakudya. Pa ziwengo zachilengedwe, kusunga ukhondo wabwino komanso kuchepetsa kufalikira kwa ziwengo ndi njira zofunika kwambiri zopewera.
2. Matenda a Bowa (Dermatophytosis)
Zizindikiro: Matenda a bowa mwa agalu angayambitse kutayika kwa tsitsi, kutupa, zilonda zozungulira, khungu lokhala ndi zipsera, komanso kuyabwa. Matendawa nthawi zambiri amawonekera pankhope, m'makutu, pamapazi, ndi mchira.
Chifukwa: Dermatophytosis imayamba chifukwa cha bowa wa dermatophyte, womwe umakula bwino m'malo otentha komanso onyowa. Kukhudzana mwachindunji ndi spores za bowa zomwe zili m'malo kapena kukhudzana ndi nyama zina zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka kungayambitse matenda.
Kuzindikira ndi Kuchiza: Kuzindikira kumachitika kudzera mu kufufuza kwa microscope, kukulitsa bowa, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito nyali ya Wood (kuwala kwa ultraviolet). Kuchiza kumaphatikizapo shampu yopaka bowa, mafuta opaka pakhungu, ndipo nthawi zina, mankhwala opaka bowa pakamwa. Kuyeretsa bwino malo ndi zinthu za galu kumalimbikitsidwanso kwambiri.
3. Matenda a bakiteriya (Pyoderma)
Zizindikiro: Pyoderma imadziwika ndi kutupa pakhungu, madontho ofiira, mafinya, ndipo nthawi zina kutuluka mafinya. Agalu amatha kuyabwa ndi kusasangalala, nthawi zambiri kukanda kapena kuluma malo okhudzidwawo.
Zifukwa: Matenda a pakhungu la bakiteriya amatha kuchitika pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo mabala otseguka, kulumidwa ndi tizilombo, kapena matenda ena a pakhungu omwe amachititsa kuti khungu likhale losavuta kugwidwa ndi mabakiteriya. Staphylococcus intermedius ndiye mtundu wofala kwambiri wa mabakiteriya.
Kuzindikira ndi Kuchiza: Dokotala wanu wa ziweto nthawi zambiri amatenga chitsanzo kuchokera pamalo omwe ali ndi kachilomboka kuti akawunikenso ndi microscope kapena kuti akapange mabakiteriya. Chithandizo nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi maantibayotiki opaka pakhungu kapena pakamwa komanso kuyeretsa khungu nthawi zonse.
4. Mange (Sarcoptic ndi Demodectic)
Zizindikiro: Mange amayamba ndi mitundu iwiri yosiyana ya nthata: Mange a Sarcoptic amadziwika ndi kuyabwa kwambiri, pomwe mange a demodectic nthawi zambiri amayambitsa kutaya tsitsi, ziphuphu pakhungu, ndi matenda ena.
Zimayambitsa: Matenda a Sarcoptic mange amayamba chifukwa cha nthata ya Sarcoptes scabiei, yomwe imafalikira kwambiri. Matenda a Demodectic mange amayamba chifukwa cha nthata ya Demodex, yomwe nthawi zambiri imayambitsa mavuto mwa agalu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka kapena mitundu ina.
Kuzindikira ndi Kuchiza: Kukanda khungu ndiyo njira yoyamba yodziwira matenda. Chithandizo chimasiyana pakati pa mitundu iwiri ya mange. Pa mange a sarcoptic, mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda monga ivermectin kapena selemectin nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mange a demodectic angafunike chithandizo cha nthawi yayitali ndi kusamba ndi mankhwala ochiritsira.
5. Mphutsi ya m'mphuno
Zizindikiro: Ngakhale dzina lake ndi loti mphutsi ya m'mphutsi ndi matenda a bowa, osati mphutsi. Zizindikiro zake ndi monga zozungulira, ziphuphu, khungu lofiira, komanso tsitsi lotayika m'dera lomwe lakhudzidwa.
Choyambitsa: Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya bowa wa dermatophyte, monga Microsporum canis. Bowa uwu ndi wofala kwambiri ndipo ukhoza kufalikira kudzera mu kukhudzana mwachindunji kapena kudzera mu chilengedwe.
Kuzindikira ndi Kuchiza: Veterinarian wanu adzachita mayeso a labotale monga chitukuko cha bowa. Chithandizo nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi shampu yopaka bowa, mafuta odzola, ndipo nthawi zina, mankhwala omwa.
6. Folliculitis
Zizindikiro: Folliculitis ndi kutupa kwa ma follicle a tsitsi komwe kumayambitsa madontho ang'onoang'ono, ofiira, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mafinya pakhungu. Agalu amatha kutaya tsitsi ndi kukwiya m'malo okhudzidwawo.
Zifukwa: Folliculitis imatha kuyambitsidwa ndi matenda a bakiteriya, bowa, kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda monga nthata. Kuvulala pakhungu kapena kukwiya kungayambitsenso vutoli.
Kuzindikira ndi Kuchiza: Dokotala wanu wa ziweto adzafufuza thupi ndipo angafunike kuchitidwa biopsy pakhungu. Chithandizocho chimaphatikizapo maantibayotiki kapena mankhwala ophera bowa komanso chisamaliro choyenera cha khungu.
7. Malo Otentha (Acute Wet Dermatitis)
Zizindikiro: Malo otentha ndi malo otupa, ofiira, okhuthala, komanso onyowa pakhungu. Agalu omwe ali ndi matendawa nthawi zambiri amakanda kapena kuluma malowo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matendawa achuluke kwambiri.
Zomwe zimayambitsa: Zomwe zimayambitsa mawanga a pakhungu ndi monga kuyabwa pakhungu (monga kulumidwa ndi tizilombo), ziwengo, kapena matenda ena. Agalu okhala ndi ubweya wokhuthala kapena omwe amasambira pafupipafupi amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu.
Kuzindikira ndi Kuchiza: Kuzindikira nthawi zambiri kumadalira zizindikiro zachipatala. Kuchiza kumaphatikizapo kuyeretsa malo omwe akhudzidwa, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opha tizilombo kapena ma steroids, komanso mwina chithandizo chamankhwala chokhudza thupi.
8. Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE)
Zizindikiro: DLE ndi matenda omwe amayambitsa chitetezo chamthupi chomwe chimakhudza khungu. Zizindikiro zake ndi monga kuchotsedwa kwa utoto, kutumphuka, ndi zilonda, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri mphuno ndi nkhope.
Choyambitsa: DLE imachitika pamene chitetezo cha mthupi chiukira maselo abwinobwino a khungu. Choyambitsa chenicheni sichikudziwika, koma akukhulupirira kuti chikuphatikizapo majini ndi zinthu zachilengedwe.
Kuzindikira ndi Kuchiza: Veterinarian wanu adzakujambulani khungu kuti adziwe matenda. Chithandizo nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi mankhwala oletsa chitetezo cha mthupi, ma steroid, ndi chitetezo cha dzuwa.
Kupewa ndi Kuchiza Kwambiri
Kuzindikira ndi kuchiza matenda a khungu mwa agalu kumafuna chisamaliro ndi chidziwitso chozama. Njira zina zodzitetezera komanso zochizira zomwe zingathandize ndi izi:
1. Chithandizo cha utitiri ndi nthata: Utitiri ndi nthata zingayambitse mavuto osiyanasiyana pakhungu. Kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse mankhwala oletsa utitiri ndi nthata n'kofunika kwambiri.
2. Zakudya Zopatsa Thanzi: Kupereka chakudya chabwino komanso chopatsa thanzi kungathandize kuti khungu ndi ubweya wa galu wanu ukhale wathanzi.
3. Kusamba ndi Kudzikongoletsa Nthawi Zonse: Njira zabwino zodzisamalira, kuphatikizapo kusamba ndi shampu yoyenera, zimathandiza kuti khungu likhale loyera komanso kupewa matenda.
4. Malo Oyera: Kupanga malo oyera kudzachepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda ndi ziwengo mwa agalu.
5. Kuyezetsa Kawirikawiri: Kupita kwa dokotala wa ziweto nthawi zonse kuti akayezetse thanzi kungathandize kuzindikira mavuto a khungu msanga.
Podziwa bwino matenda osiyanasiyana a khungu la agalu, eni ziweto angachitepo kanthu kuti asamalire ndikuteteza agalu awo, kuonetsetsa kuti ali ndi thanzi labwino komanso osangalala.
