Lamulo la Zeroth la Zinthu za Thermodynamics
Mpaka pano, tangoganizira za mgwirizano wa kutentha womwe umakumana ndi zinthu ziwiri zomwe zakhudzana. Kuti timvetse bwino lingaliro la mgwirizano wa kutentha, tiyeni tione zinthu zitatu (tizitchule chinthu A, chinthu B, ndi chinthu C). Mwachitsanzo, zinthu B ndi C sizikugwirizana, koma chinthu A chikukhudzana ndi chinthu B ndipo chinthu A chikukhudzana ndi chinthu C. Onani chithunzi chili pansipa.
Chifukwa chakuti zikugwirana, zinthu A ndi B zili mu mgwirizano wa kutentha, ndipo zinthu A ndi C zili mu mgwirizano wa kutentha. Kodi zinthu B ndi C, zomwe sizikugwirana, zilinso mu mgwirizano wa kutentha?
Ngati tigwiritsa ntchito logic yokha, tinganene kuti chinthu B ndi chinthu C nazonso zili mu thermal equilibrium, ngakhale sizikukhudza. Chinthu A ndi chinthu B zili mu thermal equilibrium, kutanthauza kutentha kwa chinthu A = kutentha kwa chinthu B. Chinthu A ndi chinthu C zilinso mu thermal equilibrium, kutentha kwa chinthu A = kutentha kwa chinthu C. Popeza T A = T B ndi T A = T C , ndiye T B = T C.
Popeza fizikisi siidalira kokha pa logic, imafunika kutsimikiziridwa kudzera mu zoyeserera. Kutengera ndi zotsatira za zoyeserera, zapezeka kuti zinthu B ndi C nazonso zili mu thermal equilibrium. Pankhaniyi, kutentha kwa chinthu B = kutentha kwa chinthu C. Chifukwa chake ngakhale zinthu B ndi C sizikugwirizana, koma chifukwa zonse zimagwirizana ndi chinthu A, zinthu B ndi C zilinso mu thermal equilibrium. Izi zatsirizidwa mu mzere wokongola wa ziganizo izi: Ngati zinthu ziwiri zili mu thermal equilibrium ndi chinthu chachitatu, ndiye kuti zinthu zitatuzo zili mu thermal equilibrium wina ndi mnzake.
Lamulo la zeroth la thermodynamics limafotokoza mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya thermometer , chida choyezera kutentha. Taganizirani za thermometer ya mercury kapena thermometer ya mowa. Mowa kapena mercury imakhudzana ndi galasi ndipo galasi limakhudzana ndi chinthu chomwe kutentha kwake kumayesedwa, mwachitsanzo mpweya, madzi kapena thupi la munthu. Ngakhale kuti mercury siikhudzana ndi mpweya kapena madzi kapena thupi la munthu, chifukwa mercury imakhudzana ndi galasi, pamene galasi ndi mpweya kapena madzi kapena thupi la munthu zili mu thermal equilibrium, ndiye kuti mercury ndi mpweya kapena madzi kapena thupi la munthu zili mu thermal equilibrium.
Malamulo a fizikisi nthawi zambiri amayamba pa 1, nthawi zambiri pa 0. Amatchedwa lamulo la zero la thermodynamics chifukwa malamulo oyamba, achiwiri, ndi achitatu a thermodynamics atapangidwa, asayansi anazindikira kuti pali lamulo lofunika kwambiri lomwe silinapangidwebe. Chifukwa chake, asayansi amatcha lamuloli lamulo la zero la thermodynamics.
