Njira Zosamalira Zomera za Mwezi wa Orchid
Maluwa a orchid otchedwa mwezi orchid (Phalaenopsis) ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya maluwa a orchid ku Indonesia chifukwa cha maluwa ake okongola komanso okhalitsa komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokongola. Ngakhale kuti amaoneka ngati "apamwamba", maluwa a orchid amatha kusamalidwa kunyumba malinga ngati tikumvetsa zosowa zake zofunika: kuunikira koyenera, malo okulirapo otulutsa madzi bwino, kuthirira bwino, mpweya wabwino, komanso feteleza nthawi zonse. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza njira zothandiza zosamalira maluwa a orchid athanzi komanso obala zipatso.
1. Kumvetsetsa Khalidwe la Maluwa a Mwezi
Maluwa a Moon orchid ndi maluwa a epiphytic, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti amamatira ku mitengo kapena nthambi zomwe amakhala, m'malo momera m'nthaka. Chifukwa chake, mizu yawo imafuna mpweya wambiri ndipo singathe kupirira nyengo yonyowa. Mizu ya maluwa a Moon orchid imayamwanso madzi ndi michere pamene ikupanga photosynthesis (yomwe imaonekera ndi mtundu wobiriwira wa mizu yathanzi). Kumvetsetsa chikhalidwe cha epiphytic ichi ndikofunikira chifukwa kumasankha njira yobzala, mphika, ndi njira yothirira.
2. Kusankha Malo ndi Mphamvu ya Kuwala
Kuwala ndiye chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimalimbikitsa maluwa a mwezi kukula ndi kutulutsa maluwa. Maluwa a mwezi amakonda kuwala kowala koma sakonda kuwala kwa dzuwa mwachindunji komanso kotentha.
– Malo abwino: pafupi ndi zenera lomwe limalandira kuwala kwa m'mawa kapena kuwala kosefedwa bwino.
– Zizindikiro za kuwala kosakwanira: masamba obiriwira kwambiri, kukula pang'onopang'ono, kutulutsa maluwa nthawi zambiri.
– Zizindikiro za kuwala kochuluka: masamba achikasu, kutentha kwa dzuwa, nsonga za masamba ouma.
Ngati mukubzala panja, gwiritsani ntchito ukonde wophimba mthunzi kapena uikeni pamalo amthunzi omwe amalola mphepo kuwomba koma dzuwa sililola kuti masamba agwere mwachindunji masana.
3. Kutentha Koyenera ndi Chinyezi
Maluwa a ku mwezi amakula bwino m'malo otentha. Kutentha komwe kumakondedwa kwambiri ndi 24–30°C masana ndipo kumazizira pang'ono usiku. Kusiyana kwa kutentha pakati pa usana ndi usiku kumathandiza kuti zomera zikhazikike bwino.
Chinyezi chabwino ndi pafupifupi 50–70%. Ngati nyumba yanu ndi youma (mwachitsanzo, chifukwa cha mpweya wozizira), mutha:
– ikani thireyi yodzaza ndi miyala ndi madzi pafupi ndi mphika (osanyowetsa pansi pa mphika),
- kuchita chifunga pang'ono m'mawa,
- onjezerani mpweya kuti masamba asakhale onyowa kwa nthawi yayitali.
Chofunika kwambiri ndi kukhala ndi chinyezi chokwanira popanda mpweya wabwino kungayambitse nkhungu ndi kuvunda.
4. Sankhani Mphika Woyenera ndi Zida Zobzala
Popeza mizu yawo imafuna mpweya, maluwa a orchid ayenera kubzalidwa m'miphika yokhala ndi mabowo ambiri, miphika yapulasitiki yowonekera bwino (kuti mizu ikhale yopepuka komanso yosavuta kuyang'anira), kapena miphika yadothi yomwe imanyowa madzi mwachangu.
Pobzala, sankhani imodzi yokhala ndi mabowo, yotulutsa madzi mwachangu, komanso yosalimba mosavuta. Mitundu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi iyi:
- khungwa la paini,
– makala,
- fern wodulidwa,
- tchipisi ta koko,
– onjezerani sphagnum moss pang'ono (pokhapokha ngati malo ouma kwambiri, chifukwa moss imasunga madzi mosavuta).
Pewani dothi la m'munda lokhazikika, chifukwa ndi lolimba kwambiri ndipo limasunga madzi kwa nthawi yayitali. Chomera chabwino chimasunga mizu yonyowa ikathirira koma chimailola kupumanso mwachangu.
5. Njira Zothirira Madzi Motetezeka
Cholakwika chofala kwambiri posamalira maluwa a mwezi ndikuwathirira madzi pafupipafupi. Maluwa a mwezi ndi okoma kwambiri akamakhala ouma pang'ono kuposa onyowa kwambiri.
Mfundo zothirira:
– Thirirani madzi pamene chotsukiracho chili pafupi kuuma, osati pamene chikadali chonyowa.
– Gwiritsani ntchito madzi oyera (makamaka madzi ozizira owiritsa kapena madzi a matope).
– Tsukani mpaka madzi atatuluka m'mabowo a mphika, kenako mulole kuti atuluke.
Kuchuluka kwa nthawi kungasiyane malinga ndi nyengo ndi malo ochezera, koma nthawi zambiri:
- kawiri mpaka katatu pa sabata nthawi yotentha,
– 1–2 pa sabata nthawi yamvula kapena yamvula.
Pewani kulola madzi kubwera pamwamba pa masamba (pakati pa rosette), chifukwa izi zingayambitse kuvunda kwa korona. Ngati madzi alowa, aumitseni ndi pepala kapena pukutani pang'onopang'ono.
6. Feteleza Kuti Ikule Ndi Kutulutsa Maluwa
Maluwa a orchid a ku mwezi amafunikira zakudya zowonjezera chifukwa malo awo okulirapo alibe michere yambiri. Gwiritsani ntchito feteleza makamaka wa maluwa a orchid kapena feteleza wa NPK wokwanira wokhala ndi mlingo wochepa.
Njira zodziwika bwino zoberekera:
- Feteleza wokulira (wokhala ndi nayitrogeni wambiri) panthawi ya kukula kwa zomera kuti masamba ndi mizu ziwonjezeke.
– Feteleza wa maluwa (wokhala ndi phosphorous ndi potaziyamu wambiri) pamene chomeracho chakhwima mokwanira kuti chilimbikitse mapesi a maluwa.
Lamulo labwino ndikuthirira pang'ono komanso nthawi zambiri: 1/4–1/2 ya mlingo woyenera milungu 1-2 iliyonse. Milungu ingapo iliyonse, thirirani nthaka popanda feteleza kuti muchotse mchere wotsala womwe ungawononge mizu.
7. Kudulira ndi Kusamalira Pambuyo pa Maluwa
Maluwa a ku mwezi amadziwika ndi maluwa awo okhalitsa. Maluwa akagwa, mutha kuchita zinthu zingapo:
– Ngati tsinde likadali lobiriwira komanso lolimba, mutha kulidula pamwamba pa mfundo inayake kuti mulimbikitse nthambi zatsopano za maluwa.
– Ngati tsinde layamba kusanduka lachikasu kapena louma, liduleni pansi pogwiritsa ntchito lumo losaphwanyika.
Komanso, chotsani masamba aliwonse ouma kapena owola. Musachotse masamba obiriwira mwamphamvu, chifukwa izi zitha kuwononga minofu ya chomera.
8. Kubwezeretsa (Kusintha Zida) Nthawi ndi Nthawi
Malo obzalamo mbewu amawola ndi kukhuthala pakapita nthawi. Kubzalanso m'miphika yobzala n'kofunika kwambiri kuti mizu isaume komanso kuti isawole.
Nthawi yabwino yobwezeretsanso:
- zaka 1-2 zilizonse, kapena
– pamene cholumikizira chaphwanyika, mphika umakhala wodzaza ndi mizu yambiri, kapena fungo loipa limaonekera.
Njira yobwezera mwachangu:
1. Chotsani chomera pang'onopang'ono.
2. Tsukani zinthu zakale.
3. Dulani mizu yowola (yofiirira, yofewa) pogwiritsa ntchito zida zosabala.
4. Bzalaninso m'malo atsopano, musaphimbe korona wa chomera.
5. Mukabzalanso mbande, chepetsani kuthirira kwa masiku angapo kuti mabala a mizu aume.
9. Kupewa Tizilombo ndi Matenda
Maluwa a ku Moon orchid amatha kuukiridwa ndi tizilombo monga mealybugs, nthata, thrips, ndi nkhono. Matenda ofala kwambiri ndi bowa ndi kuvunda kwa mizu/korona.
Kupewa kogwira mtima:
- kusunga mpweya wozungulira,
- pewani kunyowa kwambiri masamba usiku,
- yang'anani pansi pa masamba ndi pakati pa tsinde nthawi zonse,
- yika zomera zatsopano m'malo obisika musanaziike pafupi ndi malo osonkhanitsira.
Ngati mwapeza tizilombo ta mealybugs, tichotseni ndi thonje lonyowa ndi mowa kapena thirani mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe salowa m'maluwa pa mlingo woyenera. Pa bowa, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo ngati pakufunika kutero ndikuwongolera njira zothirira madzi.
10. Malangizo Oti Maluwa a Mwezi Aziphuka Kawirikawiri
Kuwonjezera pa chisamaliro choyambira, "machenjerero" angapo angathandize kuyambitsa maluwa:
– Onetsetsani kuti chomeracho chakhwima mokwanira (masamba osachepera 4–6 athanzi).
- Perekani kuwala kowala komanso kosefedwa nthawi zonse.
– Sungani zakudya zoyenera, makamaka potaziyamu ndi phosphorous nyengo isanayambe maluwa.
- Perekani kusiyana pang'ono kwa kutentha pakati pa usana ndi usiku (popanda kutentha kwambiri) chifukwa maluwa ena a orchid amaphuka mosavuta usiku ukakhala wozizira pang'ono.
Kuleza mtima n'kofunikanso. Maluwa a ku mwezi saphuka chaka chonse, koma akakhala ndi nyengo yabwino, amatha kuphukanso nthawi zonse, ndipo maluwa awo amatha kukhala kwa miyezi ingapo.
Kutseka
Kusamalira maluwa a mwezi sikuyenera kukhala kovuta. Chofunika kwambiri ndikumvetsetsa kuti maluwa a mwezi awa amafunika malo otseguka, kuwala kowala, kosadziwika bwino, kuthirira pang'ono, kuthirira koyezedwa, komanso mpweya wabwino. Mwa kuyang'anira mizu, masamba, ndi chinyezi cha maluwa a mwezi nthawi zonse, maluwa a mwezi adzakula bwino ndipo adzakupatsani maluwa okongola komanso okhalitsa. Ndi njira zoyenera zowasamalira, maluwa a mwezi amatha kukhala chomera chachikulu m'nyumba komanso gwero la chikhutiro kwa aliyense amene amawasamalira.
