Njira Yoyenera Yodzalira Sipinachi Yamadzi
Sipinachi yamadzi ndi ndiwo zamasamba zopatsa thanzi kwambiri zomwe zimakonda kwambiri m'madera osiyanasiyana a ku Asia, kuphatikizapo Indonesia. Sipinachi yamadzi (Ipomoea reptans) ndi mtundu wa sipinachi yamadzi yomwe imamera pansi, mosiyana ndi sipinachi yamadzi, yomwe imakula bwino m'malo okhala ndi madzi monga maiwe kapena mitsinje. Kulima sipinachi yamadzi kungakhale ntchito yosangalatsa yolima m'munda ndipo kumabala ndiwo zamasamba zatsopano zofunikira panyumba. Nayi chitsogozo chathunthu cha momwe mungakulire sipinachi yamadzi moyenera.
1. Kusankha Malo ndi Kukonzekera Malo
Lokasi
Sankhani malo omwe amalandira kuwala kokwanira kwa dzuwa, osachepera maola 4-6 patsiku. Madzi sipinachi imafuna kuwala kwa dzuwa mwachindunji kuti ikule bwino. Komanso, onetsetsani kuti malowo ali ndi madzi abwino otulutsira madzi kuti asaume, zomwe zingawononge zomera.
Kukonzekera Dziko
Dothi labwino kwambiri polima sipinachi m'madzi ndi lotayirira, lopanda chonde komanso pH pakati pa 6 ndi 7. Mutha kuwona chonde cha nthaka pongoyang'ana ngati zomera zina zikukula bwino m'deralo, kapena pogwiritsa ntchito choyezera pH cha nthaka.
Chotsani udzu ndi miyala yomwe ingalepheretse kukula kwa sipinachi m'madzi. Kenako, sakanizani feteleza wachilengedwe monga manyowa kapena manyowa m'nthaka kuti muwonjezere chonde. Kulima kuyenera kuchitika pafupifupi milungu iwiri musanabzale kuti muwonetsetse kuti michere yomwe ili m'nthaka yakonzeka kuti zomera zizitha kuyamwa.
2. Kusankha Mbewu ndi Kubzala
Kusankha Mbewu
Sankhani mbewu zabwino za sipinachi zamadzi, zochokera ku zomera zathanzi komanso zobereka. Mutha kugula mbewu ku sitolo yogulitsa zinthu pafamu kapena kuphika yanu kuchokera ku zomera za sipinachi zamadzi zomwe mudalima kale.
Kubzala
Malo ndi mbewu zikakonzeka, gawo lotsatira ndi njira yobzala. Nazi njira:
1. Pangani bedi: Bedi limawongolera madzi ndipo limachepetsa chiopsezo cha kudzaza madzi. Pangani bedi la pafupifupi 100 cm mulifupi ndi 20 cm kutalika, ndi mtunda wa pafupifupi 20-30 cm pakati pa bedi lililonse.
2. Bzalani Mbewu: Bzalani mbewu mofanana pa bedi, kuzitalikirana ndi mtunda wa pafupifupi masentimita 5 kuti zomera zikule bwino. Mukhozanso kukumba mabowo obzalamo okhala ndi kuya kwa masentimita 1-2 ndikubzala mbewu ziwiri kapena zitatu pa dzenje lililonse.
3. Phimbani mbewu: Mbewu zikafesedwa, phimbani mbewuzo ndi dothi lochepa, pafupifupi 0.5 cm, kuti muteteze mbewuzo ku chisokonezo cha nyama kapena kuulutsidwa ndi mphepo.
3. Kusamalira Zomera
Kuthirira
Sipinachi yobzalidwa m'munda imafuna kuthirira mokwanira, makamaka kumayambiriro kwa kukula. Thirirani zomera tsiku lililonse, m'mawa ndi madzulo, koma samalani kuti musathirire kwambiri kuti madzi asalowe, zomwe zingayambitse kuvunda kwa mizu.
Feteleza
Kuti zikule bwino, ikani feteleza wowonjezera ndi feteleza wamadzimadzi kapena feteleza wa NPK zomera zikatha masiku 10-15. Feteleza ukhoza kubwerezedwa sipinachi ikatha masiku 25.
Kupalira
Udzu uyenera kuchotsedwa nthawi zonse chifukwa ukhoza kupikisana ndi zomera za kale kuti utenge michere kuchokera m'nthaka. Upalireni milungu 1-2 iliyonse.
Kupewa Tizilombo ndi Matenda
Zomera za sipinachi zam'madzi zimakhudzidwa ndi tizilombo monga mbozi, nsabwe za m'masamba, ndi matenda a bowa. Kuti mupewe kuwonongeka kwina, yang'anirani masamba ndi tsinde la chomera nthawi zonse. Ngati tizilombo kapena matenda apezeka, chitanipo kanthu mwachangu, monga kupopera mankhwala achilengedwe kapena kuchotsa ziwalo za chomera zomwe zakhudzidwa.
4. Kukolola
Sipinachi yobzalidwa m'munda ikhoza kukolola patatha masiku 20-30 mutabzala, kutengera momwe imakulira komanso chisamaliro chake. Umu ndi momwe mungakolole sipinachi yobzalidwa m'munda:
1. Gwiritsani ntchito mpeni kapena lumo: Dulani tsinde la chomera ndi mpeni kapena lumo pafupifupi 3-5 cm kuchokera pamwamba pa nthaka. Dulani m'mawa kapena madzulo mutathirira chomera, pamene madzi mu chomera ali okwanira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kudula kukhale kosavuta.
2. Samalani momwe chomera chilili: Dulani zomera zokha zomwe zili zazikulu mokwanira komanso zathanzi. Kudulira pafupipafupi kapena mwachangu kwambiri zomera zomwe sizinakonzekere kungayambitse kupsinjika.
Sipinachi ikangokololedwa, ingagwiritsidwe ntchito mwachindunji m'mbale zosiyanasiyana kapena kugulitsidwa pamsika. Muthanso kusunga sipinachi yamadzi yokololedwa m'matumba apulasitiki obowoka ndikuisunga mufiriji kuti ikhale yatsopano kwa nthawi yayitali.
5. Kusamalira Pambuyo pa Kukolola
Kuti sipinachi yokolola ikhale yabwino, nayi malangizo ena ogwiritsira ntchito mukamakolola:
1. Tsukani ndi Kuumitsa: Tsukani kale nthawi yomweyo ndi madzi oyera kuti muchotse dothi ndi zinyalala zilizonse. Umitsani kale ndi nsalu yoyera kapena muipukute.
2. Kusunga: Sungani kale yotsukidwa mu thumba la pulasitiki lobowoka mufiriji kuti ikhale yatsopano. Kale ikhoza kusungidwa kwa masiku 3-5 mufiriji kutentha kochepa.
Kulima sipinachi ya m'madzi ndi njira yothandiza komanso yosangalatsa yopezera ndiwo zamasamba zatsopano paokha. Potsatira njira zomwe zili pamwambapa, mutha kusangalala ndi kukolola sipinachi ya m'madzi yambiri komanso yapamwamba. Tikukhulupirira kuti bukuli ndi lothandiza kwa inu omwe mukufuna kuyesa kulima m'nyumba. Zabwino zonse ndikusangalala ndi kukolola zambiri!
