Physiotherapy mu Chithandizo cha Matenda a Kumva
Kutaya kumva nthawi zambiri kumamveka ngati vuto la khutu—mwachitsanzo, kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yomvera, matenda, kapena ukalamba. Komabe, luso la kumva limakhudzidwanso ndi machitidwe ena omwe amagwira ntchito limodzi, monga kulamulira mawonekedwe, kulinganiza, kuzindikira (mphamvu ya thupi yozindikira malo), ntchito ya vestibular, ndi momwe ubongo umagwirira ntchito polankhula. Apa ndi pomwe physiotherapy imakhala yofunika: osati "kuchiritsa" mitundu yonse ya kutayika kwa kumva, koma kuthandiza kuthana ndi mavuto okhudzana ndi kulinganiza, chizungulire (vertigo), tinnitus yomwe imayamba chifukwa cha kupsinjika kwa minofu, ndi zofooka zina zomwe zimayenderana ndi kutayika kwa kumva. Ndi njira yoyenera, physiotherapy imatha kusintha kwambiri moyo wa wodwala.
Kumvetsetsa vuto la kumva ndi zotsatira zake
Kawirikawiri, kutayika kwa kumva kumagawidwa m'magulu oyambitsa (zolepheretsa kutulutsa mawu, monga kutsekeka kwa sera ya khutu, otitis media, mavuto a ossicles omvetsera), sensorineural (kulephera kwa cochlea kapena mitsempha yomvera), ndi zosakanikirana. Kuwonjezera pa kutayika kwa kumva, odwala ambiri amakumana ndi zizindikiro zina: kumva kudzaza m'khutu, tinnitus (kulira), mavuto olinganiza, nseru, kuvutika kuyang'ana, kutopa, komanso nkhawa yocheza ndi anthu chifukwa cha zovuta zolankhulirana. Mwa okalamba, kutayika kwa kumva nthawi zambiri kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha kugwa chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kulinganiza bwino komanso kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya kumva kuchokera ku chilengedwe.
Chifukwa chake, chithandizo cha kuvutika kumva chimakhala ndi magulu osiyanasiyana. Madokotala a ENT amachita gawo lofunika kwambiri pakupeza matenda ndi chithandizo chamankhwala, akatswiri a zakumva amathandiza ndi mayeso a kumva ndi zothandizira kumva, akatswiri olankhula amathandiza ndi kulankhulana, ndipo akatswiri a physiotherapy amayang'ana kwambiri pakubwezeretsa kayendedwe ka thupi, kulinganiza bwino, komanso kuzolowera zochita za tsiku ndi tsiku.
Kodi ndi liti pamene physiotherapy imagwira ntchito pa nkhani ya kutayika kwa kumva?
Kuchiza ndi physiotherapy nthawi zambiri kumachitika pa matenda omwe amabwera ndi ma vestibular kapena matenda ena a minofu ndi mafupa omwe amakhudza zizindikiro za khutu. Matenda ena ofala omwe amakhudza physiotherapy ndi awa:
1. Chizungulire chosaopsa cha paroxysmal positional (BPPV)
BPPV imadziwika ndi chizungulire chomwe chimachitika mukasintha mutu (monga kudzuka kuchokera ku tulo, kuyang'ana mmwamba, kapena kuyang'ana pansi). Ngakhale kuti si vuto lenileni la kumva, vutoli nthawi zambiri limapangitsa odwala kumva ngati ali ndi "vuto ndi makutu awo" ndipo limatha kutsagana ndi nseru ndi kusakhazikika.
2. Vestibular neuronitis ndi labyrinthitis
Kutupa kwa vestibular system kungayambitse chizungulire chachikulu, pomwe labyrinthitis ikhoza kutsagana ndi kutaya kumva. Pambuyo pa gawo loopsa, physiotherapy imathandiza kubwezeretsa bwino kudzera mu masewera olimbitsa thupi osinthika.
3. Matenda a Ménière
Izi zimazindikirika ndi nthawi ya chizungulire, tinnitus, ndi kusinthasintha kwa kumva. Pa vutoli, physiotherapy siithetsa chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli, koma ingathandize odwala kuthana ndi kusalinganika, kukulitsa kulekerera kuyenda, komanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kugwa.
4. Kumva kulira kwa tinnitus ndi matenda a minofu ya TMJ/khosi
Kwa odwala ena, tinnitus imatha kukhudzidwa ndi kupsinjika kwa minofu m'khosi, nsagwada (temporomandibular joint/TMJ), kapena kaimidwe ka mutu kutsogolo. Njira zothandizira thupi zomwe zimayang'ana madera awa nthawi zina zingathandize kuchepetsa mphamvu kapena kuchuluka kwa zizindikiro.
5. Kuopsa kwa kugwa ndi kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito kwa ogwiritsa ntchito zida zothandizira kumva kapena okalamba
Kutaya kumva kumayenderana ndi kuchepa kwa malo ozungulira komanso kusamalira chilengedwe. Physiotherapy ingapereke mapulogalamu olimbikitsa, maphunziro olinganiza bwino, komanso njira zopewera kugwa.
Kuyezetsa thupi: zambiri osati "masewera olimbitsa thupi" okha
Katswiri wa physiotherapist asanasankhe pulogalamu, adzachita kafukufuku wokwanira womwe ungaphatikizepo:
– Mbiri ya madandaulo: pamene inayamba, imayambitsa chizungulire, nthawi, zizindikiro zotsatizana nazo (nseru, kulira m'makutu, kumva kukhuta m'khutu).
- Mayeso okhazikika komanso osinthasintha: kuthekera koyima ndi mwendo umodzi, kuyenda molunjika, kuyenda uku ukutembenuza mutu wako, ndi zina zotero.
- Kuwunika momwe maso amagwirira ntchito: momwe maso amakhazikitsira maso mutu ukasuntha.
- Kuwunika kayendedwe ka khosi, kaimidwe ka thupi, ndi minofu ya nsagwada (ngati mukukayikira kuti minofu ndi mafupa zikugwira ntchito).
- Dziwani zinthu zomwe zingakuchititseni kugwa: mphamvu ya miyendo, liwiro loyenda, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala enaake, ndi mavuto a kunyumba.
Kufufuza kumeneku kumathandiza kusiyanitsa ngati madandaulo ali makamaka m'mbali, pakati, kapena m'malo osakanikirana a vestibular, ndikuwona ngati kufunikira kowonjezera kukufunika.
Njira zochiritsira thupi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri
1. Kuyikanso ngalande ya BPPV
Kwa BPPV, katswiri wochita masewera olimbitsa thupi amatha kuchita njira zosinthira njira monga Epley kapena Semont, zomwe cholinga chake ndi kubwezera tinthu tating'onoting'ono (otoconya) pamalo ake oyenera mkati mwa khutu lamkati. Odwala ambiri amawona kusintha kwakukulu pambuyo pa magawo 1-3, ngakhale kuti milandu ina imafuna kubwerezabwereza kapena kubwerezanso.
2. Chithandizo cha Kubwezeretsa Ma Vestibular (VRT)
VRT ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pa ntchito ya physiotherapy pa matenda okhudzana ndi kukhazikika kwa khutu lamkati. Mapulogalamu angaphatikizepo:
- Masewero olimbitsa thupi: phunzitsani vestibulo-ocular reflex kuti maso anu akhale olimba mutu wanu ukasuntha.
- Kuzolowera: kukumana pang'onopang'ono ndi mayendedwe omwe amayambitsa chizungulire kuti muchepetse kukhudzidwa ndi zinthu zina.
- Maseŵero olimbitsa thupi: kuyambira kuimirira ndi maziko ochepa ochirikiza, maseŵero olimbitsa thupi pamalo osakhazikika, mpaka maseŵero olimbitsa thupi a ntchito ziwiri (monga kuyenda uku mukuwerenga).
- Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi oyenda ndi kuyang'ana malo: makamaka kwa odwala omwe amaopa kusuntha pambuyo pa chizungulire.
Cholinga cha VRT si kuchotsa chizungulire nthawi yomweyo, koma kulimbikitsa ubongo kuti usinthe (kubweza) kuti ntchito yolinganiza zinthu ikhale yabwino.
3. Kaimidwe, khosi ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi a TMJ
Kwa odwala omwe ali ndi tinnitus chifukwa cha kupsinjika kwa minofu kapena khosi, physiotherapy ingaphatikizepo:
- Kukonza kaimidwe ka mutu ndi phewa (kuchepetsa kaimidwe ka mutu kutsogolo).
- Kuyenda bwino kwa minofu ya khosi ndi mapewa komanso kutambasula thupi.
- Masewero olimbitsa thupi oletsa kuyenda kwa khosi lamkati.
- Maphunziro a ergonomics pantchito (malo owunikira, mpando, zizolowezi zogona).
- Kuchiza matenda okhudzana ndi nsagwada pamaso pa vuto la TMJ, mogwirizana ndi dokotala wa mano kapena katswiri wofanana naye.
Ngakhale kuti si aliyense amene amamva kulira kwa tinnitus, odwala ena amanena kuti kupsinjika maganizo kumachepa, kugona bwino, komanso zizindikiro zina zimatha kuthetsedwa mosavuta.
4. Kuteteza ndi kulimbitsa kugwa
Kwa okalamba kapena odwala osakhazikika, akatswiri a physiotherapy amapanga pulogalamu yolimbitsa minofu ya miyendo, kuphunzitsa bwino komanso kuchitapo kanthu, komanso kuphunzitsa zachitetezo kunyumba (kuwala, kugwiritsa ntchito zimbudzi, komanso kuchepetsa makapeti oterera). Izi ndizofunikira chifukwa zotsatira za kulephera kumva nthawi zambiri zimawonjezeka chifukwa chosowa chidaliro pakuyenda.
5. Maphunziro ndi kasamalidwe ka ntchito
Odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la vestibular nthawi zambiri amapewa kuyenda chifukwa choopa chizungulire. Komabe, kupewa kuyenda kwambiri kungachedwetse kubweza ndalama. Akatswiri a physiotherapy angathandize kusintha mlingo wa masewera olimbitsa thupi, njira zopumira komanso zopumulira, ndikukonzekera kubwerera pang'onopang'ono ku zochita za tsiku ndi tsiku.
Kugwirizana ndi ogwira ntchito zina zaumoyo
Kuchiza ndi physiotherapy kumathandiza kwambiri ngati mutagwiritsa ntchito chithandizo chamankhwala. Kuyeza kwa ma audiometry, kuwunika kwa ENT, ndi kusintha kwa chithandizo cha kumva kumakhalabe maziko a kasamalidwe ka vuto la kumva. Ngati zizindikiro monga kutayika mwadzidzidzi kwa kumva, kupweteka kwambiri m'makutu, kutuluka m'makutu, kufooka mbali imodzi ya thupi, kupweteka mutu mwadzidzidzi, kapena kusokonezeka kwa maso, wodwalayo ayenera kutumizidwa kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Madokotala a physiotherapy amachita gawo lofunika kwambiri poonetsetsa kuti zizindikiro zomwe zingasonyeze vuto lalikulu sizinyalanyazidwa.
Zoyembekezera zenizeni: zomwe physiotherapy ingachite ndi zomwe singachite
Ndikofunikira kuika physiotherapy pamalo oyenera. Mu vuto la kumva kosatha, physiotherapy "sibwezeretsa" maselo a tsitsi a cochlear omwe awonongeka. Komabe, physiotherapy ingathe:
- Amachepetsa chizungulire ndipo amathandiza kuti munthu akhale bwino
- Imathandizira kuchira msanga pambuyo pa zovuta za vestibular
- Kuchepetsa zoletsa zochita ndi chiopsezo cha kugwa
- Zimathandiza kuthana ndi madandaulo okhudzana ndi kaimidwe/khosi/nsagwada zomwe zimawonjezera zizindikiro zina
- Kulimbitsa kudzidalira, kuyenda bwino, komanso moyo wabwino
Mwa kuyankhula kwina, chithandizo cha thupi chimayang'ana kwambiri pa ntchito ndi kusintha kwa thupi, osati zizindikiro za khutu zokha.
Kutseka
Physiotherapy imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pothana ndi matenda okhudzana ndi kumva, makamaka ikaphatikizidwa ndi chizungulire, kusalinganika, chiopsezo chogwa, kapena mavuto ena a minofu ndi mafupa. Kudzera mu njira zapadera za BPPV, kukonzanso vestibular, kuphunzitsa bwino, kulimbitsa thupi, ndi maphunziro a zochita, physiotherapy imathandiza odwala kuyambiranso kuyenda mosamala komanso molimba mtima. Kudzera mu njira zosiyanasiyana ndi madokotala a ENT, akatswiri a zomvera, ndi akatswiri ena azaumoyo, physiotherapy imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakubwezeretsa magwiridwe antchito ndikukweza moyo wa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la kumva.
