NJIRA ZABWINO

Filosofi ya Albert Camus ya Existentialist Albert Camus (1913–1960) nthawi zambiri amaikidwa m'makambirano okhudza existentialism ya m'zaka za m'ma 20, pamodzi ndi Jean-Paul Sartre ndi Søren Kierkegaard. Komabe, Camus mwiniwake anakana dzina lakuti "existentialist." Iye ankakonda kutchedwa woganiza wopanda nzeru—lingaliro lomwe limachokera ku chidziwitso chofunikira kwambiri cha anthu: chikhumbo cha tanthauzo, dongosolo, ndi cholinga, chokumana ndi dziko losasamala… Werengani zambiri

Kufunika kwa Filosofi mu Maphunziro Maphunziro si nkhani yongosamutsa chidziwitso kuchokera kwa mphunzitsi kupita kwa wophunzira. Zimadzutsa mafunso ofunikira: chifukwa chiyani anthu amaphunzira, makhalidwe abwino omwe ayenera kukulitsidwa, luso ndi makhalidwe omwe ayenera kukulitsidwa, ndi momwe njira yophunzirira iyenera kupitira. Mafunso awa sangayankhidwe ndi njira zophunzitsira kapena... Werengani zambiri

Chiphunzitso cha Marxist cha Maganizo: Pokambirana za sayansi ya chikhalidwe cha anthu ndi nzeru zandale, mawu akuti malingaliro nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza momwe anthu amamvetsetsera dziko lapansi, kuweruza chabwino ndi choipa, komanso kulungamitsa dongosolo la chikhalidwe lomwe lilipo. Komabe, mu chikhalidwe cha Marxist, malingaliro samveka ngati gulu la malingaliro osalowerera ndale kapena "malingaliro adziko" okha. Malingaliro amamveka ngati chinthu chogwirizana kwambiri... Werengani zambiri

Kutsutsa kwa Akazi pa Filosofi Filosofi nthawi zambiri imamveka ngati kuyesetsa kwa anthu kufunafuna choonadi cha anthu onse: chidziwitso, makhalidwe abwino, chilungamo, ndi chibadwa cha anthu n’chiyani. Komabe, kutsutsa kwa akazi—monga gulu lanzeru ndi ndale lomwe limasonyeza ubale wamphamvu pakati pa amuna ndi akazi—kumabweretsa funso lofunika kwambiri: kodi ndi la ndani? Kutsutsa kwa akazi pa filosofi sikungodzudzula “afilosofi aamuna” akale, koma m’malo mwake kumafufuza momwe miyambo ya filosofi, … Werengani zambiri

Lingaliro la Mulungu mu Filosofi Lingaliro la Mulungu mu filosofi ndi limodzi mwa mitu yakale kwambiri komanso yofunika kwambiri m'mbiri ya maganizo a anthu. Mafunso akuti "Kodi Mulungu alipo kapena ayi?", "Ngati ndi choncho, umunthu wake ndi wotani?", ndi "Kodi anthu angadziwe bwanji Mulungu?" akhudza chiyambi cha masukulu osiyanasiyana a filosofi, kuyambira ku Greece Yakale mpaka ku filosofi yamasiku ano. Mosiyana ndi zaumulungu, zomwe... Werengani zambiri

Lingaliro la Chowonadi Malinga ndi Socrates Socrates (469–399 BC) ndi m'modzi mwa anthu otchuka kwambiri m'mbiri ya filosofi ya Kumadzulo. Ngakhale kuti sanasiye zolemba zilizonse, malingaliro ake amatha kutsatiridwa kudzera m'ntchito za ophunzira ake, makamaka Plato ndi Xenophon, komanso kudzera mu kutsutsa ndi zithunzi za Aristophanes. Pakati pa cholowa cha nzeru za Socrates, chidwi pa funso lakuti "chowonadi n'chiyani?" chili ndi malo ofunikira. Kwa Socrates, ... Werengani zambiri

Kuyerekeza kwa Kant ndi Hegel: Immanuel Kant (1724–1804) ndi Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770–1831) ndi anthu awiri akuluakulu mu miyambo yamakono ya filosofi ya ku Germany. Onsewa ankafuna kuyankha mafunso akuluakulu okhudza chidziwitso, zenizeni, ufulu, ndi kulingalira bwino. Komabe, kumvetsetsa kwawo malire a kulingalira, malo a munthu, ndi ubale pakati pa maganizo ndi dziko lapansi kunali kosiyana kwambiri. Kant nthawi zambiri amamveka bwino… Werengani zambiri

Tanthauzo la Moyo Malinga ndi Nietzsche Mafunso okhudza tanthauzo la moyo nthawi zambiri amabuka anthu akamakumana ndi mavuto, kulephera, kumva kuti alibe kanthu, kapena pamene zikhulupiriro zakale sizikugwiranso ntchito. Friedrich Nietzsche (1844–1900) anali m'modzi mwa akatswiri afilosofi omwe adasintha kwambiri malingaliro achikhalidwe okhudza tanthauzo. Sanapereke "njira" yopezera chitonthozo, koma m'malo mwake adapereka vuto: maziko akale akagwa, anthu ayenera… Werengani zambiri

Chiphunzitso cha Choonadi Chokhudzana ndi Kugwirizana kwa Zinthu Mu filosofi, funso lakuti "chowonadi n'chiyani?" lakhala poyambira pa mikangano yambiri yayikulu. Ena amaona kuti chowonadi ndi chokhazikika komanso chofala, pomwe ena amachiona kuti chimadalira pa mikhalidwe inayake: chikhalidwe, chilankhulo, malingaliro, kapena nthawi. Apa ndi pomwe chiphunzitso cha choonadi chokhudzana ndi kusagwirizana kwa zinthu chimayambira. Chiphunzitso cha choonadi chokhudzana ndi kusagwirizana kwa zinthu chimanena kuti... Werengani zambiri

Filosofi ya Makhalidwe Abwino ya Immanuel Kant Immanuel Kant (1724–1804) ndi m'modzi mwa anthu otchuka kwambiri m'mbiri ya filosofi yamakono, makamaka chifukwa cha khama lake lokhazikitsa maziko apadziko lonse komanso anzeru a makhalidwe abwino. Mosiyana ndi njira zamakhalidwe abwino zomwe zimadalira miyambo, chipembedzo, kapena zotsatira za zochita, Kant ankakhulupirira kuti muyeso wolimba kwambiri wamakhalidwe abwino uyenera kukhazikika mu kulingalira ndi… Werengani zambiri