Chitsanzo cha funso loti mudziwe malo a chinthu chomwe chikuyenda mu parabola

Zitsanzo zitatu za mafunso okhudza kudziwa malo a chinthu chomwe chikuyenda mu parabola

1. Mpirawo umaponyedwa mmwamba pa ngodya ya 60^o mopingasa ndi liwiro loyambirira la 12 m/s. Dziwani malo a chinthucho mutasuntha kwa sekondi imodzi! Kuthamanga kwa mphamvu yokoka = 10 m/s²
Zokambirana
Amadziwika kuti:
Ngodya (θ) = 60^o
Kecepatan chiyambi (v)_o) = 12 m/s
Nthawi yopuma (t) = masekondi 1
Kuthamanga chifukwa cha mphamvu yokoka (g) = 10 m/s²
Anafunsa kuti: Malo a mpira mutasuntha kwa sekondi imodzi
Yankho:
Choyamba werengani magawo oyamba a liwiro la mpirawo m'njira zopingasa komanso zoyimirira.
Liwiro loyamba la mpira mbali yopingasa:
v_ox =v_o cos θ = (12 m/s)(cos 60^o) = (12 m/s)(0,5) = 6 m/s

Liwiro loyamba la mpira mbali yowongoka:
v_oy =v_o uchimo θ = (12 m/s)(uchimo 60^o) = (12 m/s)(0,5√3) = 6√3 m/s

Kuyenda kwa parabolic kumaonedwa ngati kuphatikiza kuyenda kolunjika ndi kolunjika. Kuyenda kolunjika kumasanthulidwa motere: mayendedwe ofanana a mzere, pomwe kayendetsedwe ka mbali yoyimirira kakusanthulidwa ngati kuyenda koyima mmwambaMalo a chinthu cholunjika molunjika amawerengedwa ngati kudziwa mtunda wa chinthu choyenda molunjika pa liwiro losasintha, mosiyana malo a chinthu cholunjika amawerengedwa ngati kudziwa kutalika kwa chinthu choyenda molunjika mmwamba.

Malo a mpira mbali yopingasa:
Amadziwika kuti:
Liwiro la mpira mbali yopingasa (v)_x) = 6 m/s
Poyenda molunjika mofanana, liwiro la chinthucho limakhala losasintha kotero kuti liwiro loyambirira la chinthucho likhale lofanana ndi liwiro la chinthucho.
Nthawi yopuma (t) = masekondi 1
Anafunsa kuti: Mtunda wa zinthu
Yankho:
Liwiro la mamita 6 pa sekondi limatanthauza kuti mpira umayenda mamita 6 pa sekondi iliyonse. Mtunda umene mpira umayenda pambuyo pa sekondi imodzi ndi mamita 6. Chifukwa chake, malo opingasa a mpira ndi mamita 6.

Malo a mpirawo molunjika:
Pothetsa vuto la kuyenda molunjika mmwamba, kuchuluka kwa vekitala Vekitala yomwe imayang'ana mmwamba imapatsidwa chizindikiro chabwino, vekitala yomwe imayang'ana pansi imapatsidwa chizindikiro choipa.
Amadziwika kuti:
Liwiro loyamba la mpira (v)_o) = 6√3 m/s (zabwino chifukwa chiwongolero cha liwiro loyambirira chili mmwamba)
Nthawi yopuma (t) = masekondi 1
Kuthamanga chifukwa cha mphamvu yokoka (g) = -10 m/s² (zoipa chifukwa mphamvu yokoka imatsika pansi kupita pakati pa dziko lapansi)
Anafunsa kuti: Kutalika kwa mpira mutasuntha kwa sekondi imodzi (h)
Yankho:
Zikudziwika kuti v_o, t, g ndipo anafunsa h kotero njira yomwe yagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi h = v_o t + 1/2 gt²
h = v_o t + 1/2 gt² = (6√3)(1) + 1/2 (-10)(1)²) = 6√3 + (-5)(1) = 6√3 – 5 = 6(1,7) – 5 = 10,2 – 5 = 5,2 mamita.

Malo a mpira mutasuntha kwa sekondi imodzi:
Malo a mpira mbali yopingasa (x) = mamita 6
Malo a mpirawo mbali yowongoka (y) = mamita 5,2
Kotero ma coordinates a malo a mpira ndi (x; y) = (6; 5,2)

2. Chipolopolocho chimawomberedwa mmwamba pa ngodya ya 30°^o Kuthamanga mopingasa kuchokera pamalo okwana mamita 20 kuchokera pansi. Liwiro loyamba la chipolopolo ndi 50 m/s. Kodi kutalika kwa chipolopolocho ndi kotani mutasuntha kwa sekondi imodzi? Kuthamanga chifukwa cha mphamvu yokoka ndi 10 m/s²
Zokambirana
Amadziwika kuti:
Ngodya (θ) = 30^o
Kutalika koyambirira kwa chipolopolo (h_o) = mamita 20
Liwiro loyamba la chipolopolo (v)_o) = 50 m/s
Nthawi yopuma (t) = masekondi 1
Kuthamanga chifukwa cha mphamvu yokoka (g) = 10 m/s²
Anafunsa kuti: Kutalika kwa zipolopolo
Yankho:
Liwiro loyamba la chipolopolo mbali yowongoka:
Choyamba werengani gawo loyambirira la liwiro la mpirawo molunjika.
v_oy =v_o uchimo θ = (50 m/s)(uchimo 30^o) = (50 m/s)(0,5) = 25 m/s

Kutalika kwa chipolopolo:
Kutalika kwa chipolopolo kumawerengedwa ngati kudziwa kutalika kwake poyenda molunjika mmwamba.
Pothetsa mavuto oyenda molunjika mmwamba, kuchuluka kwa vekitala komwe kumatsogozedwa mmwamba kumapatsidwa chizindikiro chabwino, kuchuluka kwa vekitala komwe kumatsogozedwa pansi kumapatsidwa chizindikiro choipa.
Amadziwika kuti:
Liwiro loyamba la chipolopolo (v)_o) = 25 m/s (zabwino chifukwa chiwongolero cha liwiro loyambirira chili mmwamba)
Nthawi yopuma (t) = masekondi 1
Kuthamanga chifukwa cha mphamvu yokoka (g) = -10 m/s² (zoipa chifukwa njira yokoka mphamvu imalowera pansi kupita pakati pa dziko lapansi)
Anafunsa kuti: Kutalika kwa chipolopolo (h)
Yankho:
Zikudziwika kuti v_o, t, g ndipo anafunsa h kotero njira yomwe yagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi h = v_o t + 1/2 gt²
h = v_o t + 1/2 gt² = (25)(1) + 1/2 (-10)(1)²) = 25 + (-5)(1) = 25 – 5 = mamita 20.
Kutalika kwa chipolopolo chikayenda kwa sekondi imodzi kumakhala mamita 20 pamwamba pa malo omwe chipolopolocho chinawomberedwa kapena mamita 40 pamwamba pa nthaka.

3. Marble imaponyedwa mopingasa kumanja kuchokera kutalika kwa mamita 10 ndi liwiro loyambirira la 10 m/s. Dziwani komwe marble ili mutasuntha kwa sekondi imodzi! Kuthamanga chifukwa cha mphamvu yokoka = 10 m/s²
Zokambirana
Amadziwika kuti:
Kutalika koyambirira (h) = mamita 10
Liwiro loyambirira (v)_o) = 10 m/s
Nthawi yopuma (t) = masekondi 1
Kuthamanga chifukwa cha mphamvu yokoka (g) = 10 m/s²
Anafunsa kuti: Malo a marble mutasuntha kwa sekondi imodzi
Yankho:
Njira ya miyala yamtengo wapatali ndi monga momwe zasonyezedwera pachithunzichi. Ngati njirayo ndi yophiphiritsira monga momwe zasonyezedwera pachithunzichi, malo a chinthucho mbali yowongoka amatsimikiziridwa ngati kuwerengera kutalika mu kugwa kwaulere, pomwe malo a chinthucho mbali yowongoka amatsimikiziridwa ngati kuwerengera mtunda molunjika mofanana.
Poyamba miyala ya marble imayenda molunjika kotero kuti liwiro loyamba la miyala ya marble limayenda molunjika (v)_ox) ndi 10 m/s, pomwe liwiro loyambirira la marble limakhala molunjika (v_oy) ndi 0 m/s.

Malo a mabulo mbali yopingasa:
Amadziwika kuti:
Liwiro la miyala ya marble mbali yopingasa (v_x) = 10 m/s
Poyenda molunjika mofanana, liwiro la chinthucho limakhala losasintha kotero kuti liwiro loyambirira la chinthucho likhale lofanana ndi liwiro la chinthucho.
Nthawi yopuma (t) = masekondi 1
Anafunsa kuti: Mtunda wa zinthu
Yankho:
Liwiro la mamita 10 pa sekondi limatanthauza kuti marble imayenda mamita 10 pa sekondi iliyonse. Mtunda umene marble imayenda itatha kusuntha kwa sekondi imodzi ndi mamita 10. Chifukwa chake, malo opingasa a marble ndi mamita 10.

Malo a mabulo mbali yoyimirira:
Kusanthulidwa ngati kuyenda kwaulere kwa kugwa.
Amadziwika kuti:
Nthawi yopuma (t) = masekondi 1
Kuthamanga chifukwa cha mphamvu yokoka (g) = 10 m/s²
Anafunsa kuti: Kutalika kwa miyala ya marble itatha kusuntha kwa sekondi imodzi (h)
Yankho:
Popeza t, g ndipo anafunsa h kotero fomula yomwe yagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi h = 1/2 gt²
h = 1/2 gt² = 1/2 (10)(1)²) = (5)(1) = mamita 5.
Pambuyo pa sekondi imodzi, marble imagwa mamita 5. Kutalika kwa marble pamwamba pa nthaka ndi mamita 10 - mamita 5 = mamita 5.

Malo a marble mutasuntha kwa sekondi imodzi:
Malo a miyala ya marble mbali yopingasa (x) = mamita 10
Malo a miyala ya marble mbali yolunjika (y) = mamita 5
Kotero ma coordinates a malo a marble ndi (x; y) = (10; 5)

[Chingerezi: Kuthetsa mavuto oyenda ndi zinthu zozungulira - kudziwa malo a chinthucho]