Zitsanzo zitatu za mafunso okhudza magalasi owoneka
1. Tiyerekeze kuti mnzanu wavala magalasi okhala ndi magalasi okhala ndi mphamvu ya -2 diopters. Magalasi a maso Kawirikawiri 2 cm kuchokera m'diso.
(a) Bwenzi lanu lili ndi magalasi mandala opindika kapena mandala ozungulira ?
(b) Kodi kutalika kwa lenzi ndi kotani?
(c) Maso a mnzanu kuwona pafupi kapena kuwona patali Ngati mukuona pafupi, kodi mtunda wakutali kwambiri ndi uti umene maso anu angathe kuwona? Ngati mukuona pafupi, mtunda wapafupi kwambiri womwe maso anu amawona ndi uti?
Zokambirana
Ndizodziwika kuti :
Mphamvu ya lenzi (P) = -2 diopters
Yankhani :
(a) Lenzi yopindika kapena yopingasa?
Mphamvu ya lenzi ndi yoipa, motero lenzi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi lenzi yoipa, yomwe imatchedwanso lenzi yokhotakhota, yomwe imatchedwanso lenzi yosiyana.
(b) Kodi kutalika kwa lenzi ndi kotani?
P = 1/f
-2 = 1/f
f = 1/-2 = -0,5 mamita = -50 cm
Kutalika kwa lenzi yozungulira ndi 50 cm.
(c) Kodi mnzanuyo saona patali kapena saona patali?
Ngati lenzi yomwe yagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi yopindika ndiye kuti maso a mnzanu adzakhala kuwona pafupiNgati ali ndi vuto loona pafupi, kodi ndi mtunda wotani umene maso a mnzanuyo angaone?
Malo akutali a diso labwinobwino ndi osatha, pomwe mnzanuyo amaona patali kotero mtunda wakutali kwambiri womwe diso la mnzanuyo limaona ndi wocheperapo kuposa wosatha. Kuti diso la mnzanu lizitha kuwona zinthu patali kwambiri ngati diso labwinobwino, lenzi yagalasi iyenera kupanga chithunzi cha chinthucho patali ndi x cm kutsogolo kwa lenzi. Chithunzicho chili patsogolo pa lenzi yagalasi kotero chithunzicho chili choyima komanso chowoneka bwino (yerekezerani kufotokozera kwa nkhaniyi). chithunzi cha lenzi yopingasa)Chifukwa chithunzicho ndi cha pa intaneti, mtunda (s) wa chithunzicho ndi woipa. Momwemonso, kutalika kwa lenzi ndi koipa chifukwa magalasi ali ndi mandala opindika.
-1/s' = 1/f – 1/s
-1/s' = -1/50 – 1/~ = -1/50 – 0
-1/s' = -1/50
s' = 50 cm
Mtunda wa chithunzi chomwe chili patsogolo pa lenzi ya magalasi ndi 50 cm. Magalasi ali 2 cm patsogolo pa diso kotero mtunda wa chithunzi chomwe chili patsogolo pa diso ndi 50 cm + 2 cm = 52 cm. 52 cm ndiye mtunda wautali kwambiri womwe ungawonekere ndi diso loona pafupi muvuto lomwe lili pamwambapa. Mtunda wautali kwambiri womwe ungawonekere ndi diso labwinobwino ndi wosatha.
2. Tiyerekeze kuti chibwenzi chanu chavala magalasi okhala ndi ma lens a diopta anayi. Ma lens nthawi zambiri amakhala 2 cm patsogolo pa maso ake.
(a) Kodi magalasi a chibwenzi chanu amagwiritsa ntchito magalasi ozungulira kapena ozungulira?
(b) Kodi kutalika kwa lenzi ndi kotani?
(c) Kodi chibwenzi chanu chimaona pafupi kapena patali? Ngati mukuona pafupi, kodi mtunda wakutali bwanji umene maso anu amatha kuwona? Ngati mukuona pafupi, mtunda wapafupi bwanji umene maso anu amatha kuwona?
Zokambirana
Ndizodziwika kuti :
Mphamvu ya lenzi (P) = 4 diopters
Yankhani :
(a) Lenzi yopindika kapena yopingasa?
Mphamvu ya lenzi ndi yabwino, motero lenzi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi lenzi yabwino, yomwe imatchedwanso lenzi yozungulira, yomwe imatchedwanso lenzi yolumikizana.
(b) Kodi kutalika kwa lenzi ndi kotani?
P = 1/f
4 = 1/f
f = 1/4 = mamita 0,25 = 25 cm
Kutalika kwa lenzi yozungulira ndi 25 cm.
(c) Kodi mnzanuyo saona patali kapena saona patali?
Ngati lenzi yomwe yagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi yozungulira ndiye kuti maso a chibwenzi chanu adzakhala osalala. kuwona pataliNgati muli ndi vuto loona pafupi, kodi mtunda wapafupi kwambiri umene maso anu angaone ndi wotani?
Malo oyandikira a diso labwinobwino ndi 25 cm. Kuti maso a chibwenzi chanu athe kuwona chinthu chomwe chili pa 25 cm kutali monga momwe diso labwinobwino lingachitire, lenzi yagalasi iyenera kupanga chithunzi pamtunda wa x cm kutsogolo kwa lenzi. Lenzi yagalasi ili patsogolo pa diso 2 cm, kotero mtunda wa chinthucho patsogolo pa lenzi ndi 25 cm - 2 cm = 23 cm. Chithunzicho chili patsogolo pa lenzi yagalasi, kotero chithunzicho chili choyimirira komanso chowoneka bwino (yerekezerani kufotokozera kwa nkhaniyi). chithunzi cha lenzi yozungulira)Chithunzicho ndi cha pa intaneti, choncho mtunda wa chithunzi (s') uli ndi chizindikiro chotsutsa.
-1/s' = 1/f – 1/s
-1/s' = 1/25 – 1/23 = 23/575 – 25/575 = -2/575
-s' = 575/-2 = -287,5 cm = -2,875 mamita
s' = 287,5 cm = 2,875 mamita
Mtunda wa chithunzi patsogolo pa lenzi yagalasi ndi 287,5 cm. Mtunda wa chithunzi patsogolo pa diso ndi 287,5 cm + 2 cm = 289,5 cm. 289,5 cm ndi mtunda wapafupi kwambiri womwe ungawoneke ndi diso loona pafupi muvuto lomwe lili pamwambapa. Mtunda wapafupi kwambiri womwe ungawoneke ndi diso labwinobwino ndi 25 cm.
3. Munthu amatha kuwerenga bwino pa mtunda wa masentimita 50 pafupi kwambiri. Kuti athe kuwerenga bwino pa mtunda wa masentimita 30, mphamvu ya lenzi yofunikira ndi…
A. 1/3 diopta
B. 2/3 diopters
C. 3/4 diopters
D. 4/3 diopters
Zokambirana
Munthuyo ali ndi vuto la kuwona pafupi, magalasi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza maso owonera pafupi ndi magalasi ozungulira kapena magalasi ozungulira kapena magalasi abwino.
Kuti chinthu chomwe chikuwonedwa chikhale pa 30 cm patsogolo pa diso, lenzi iyenera kupanga chithunzi pa mtunda wa 50 cm patsogolo pa diso. Chifukwa chake chithunzicho chili patsogolo pa lenzi. chithunzicho chili cholunjika komanso chowoneka bwino.
Amadziwika kuti:
Mtunda wa chinthu = 30 cm
Mtunda wa chithunzi (s') = -50 cm (woipa chifukwa ndi weniweni)
Anafunsa kuti: Mphamvu ya lenzi (P)
Yankho:
Kutalika kwa lenzi (f):
1/f = 1/s + 1/s'
1/f = 1/30 + 1/-50
1/f = 5/150 – 3/150
1/f = 2/150
f = 150/2 = 75 cm = 0,75 mamita = 75/100 mamita
Kutalika kwa focal kumatanthauza kuti lenzi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi lenzi yozungulira.
Mphamvu ya lenzi:
P = 1/f
P = 1 : 75/100 = 1 x 100/75
P = 100/75 (gawani ndi 25)
P = 4/3 diopters
Yankho lolondola ndi D.
Mafunso okhudza Magalasi Owala
1. Wina amagwiritsa ntchito kacamata Ili ndi mphamvu ya -2,5 diopters. Ngati lenzi yagalasi nthawi zambiri imakhala 2 cm kuchokera m'diso, dziwani izi:
(a) Kodi magalasiwa amagwiritsa ntchito magalasi ozungulira kapena ozungulira?
(b) Kodi kutalika kwa lenzi ya magalasi ndi kotani?
(c) Kodi maso a munthuyo amaona patali kapena pafupi? Ngati mukuona patali, kodi mtunda wakutali bwanji umene maso anu amatha kuona? Ngati mukuona patali, mtunda wapafupi bwanji umene maso anu amatha kuona?
Kiyi yoyankhira:
a = lenzi yosiyana = lenzi yoipa = lenzi….
b = 40cm
c = Lachitatu Lalitali. Mtunda wakutali kwambiri = 42 cm
2. Tiyerekeze kuti chibwenzi chanu chakale chikugwiritsa ntchito kacamata ndi mphamvu ya diopta 4,5 🙂 . Ngati lenzi yagalasi nthawi zambiri imakhala 2 cm kuchokera m'diso, dziwani izi:
(a) Kodi magalasi a chibwenzi chanu chakale anali ndi magalasi ozungulira kapena ozungulira?
(b) Kodi kutalika kwa lenzi ya magalasi ndi kotani?
(c) Kodi chibwenzi chanu chakale chimaona pafupi kapena patali? Ngati chimaona patali, ndi mtunda uti womwe diso lingathe kuwona? Ngati chimaona patali, ndi mtunda uti womwe diso lingathe kuwona?
Kiyi yoyankhira:
a = lenzi yolumikizana = lenzi yabwino = lenzi….
b = 22,2cm
c = Kuona Pafupi. Mtunda wapafupi kwambiri = 13,3 cm
