Nkhani Yokhudza Malamulo Ofunika Kwambiri
Manambala ofunika ndi manambala omwe amapezeka kudzera mu miyeso yomwe imakhala ndi manambala ofunika enieni (omwe amawerengedwa pa chida choyezera) ndi chiwerengero chimodzi chomaliza choyezera.
Tiyerekeze kuti tiyesa kutalika kwa chinthu pogwiritsa ntchito rula (Malire olondola a rula ndi 1 mm kapena 0,1 cm) ndikupereka zotsatira zake m'ziwerengero zitatu zofunika, mwachitsanzo 4,55 cm. Ngati kutalika kwa chinthucho kwayesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito vernier caliper (Malire olondola a vernier caliper ndi 0,1 mm kapena 0,01 cm) ndipo zotsatira zake zanenedwa m'ziwerengero zinayi zofunika, mwachitsanzo 4,485 cm ndipo ngati zayesedwa ndi micrometer screw gauge (Malire olondola a micrometer screw gauge ndi 0,01 mm kapena 0,001 cm) ndipo zotsatira zake zanenedwa m'ziwerengero zisanu zofunika, mwachitsanzo 3,4845 cm. Izi zikusonyeza kuti chiwerengero cha ziwerengero zofunika zomwe zanenedwa ngati zotsatira zoyezera chikuwonetsa kulondola kwa muyeso. Ziwerengero zofunika kwambiri zomwe zinganenedwe, ndiye kuti muyesowo ndi wolondola kwambiri. Zachidziwikire, kuyeza kutalika kwa chinthu ndi micrometer screw gauge ndikolondola kwambiri kuposa ndi vernier caliper ndi rula.
Zotsatira za muyeso pogwiritsa ntchito rula zimafotokozedwa mu nambala yokhala ndi ziwerengero ziwiri zofunika: 4,55 cm. Manambala awiri oyamba, omwe ndi: 4 ndi 5 ndi manambala enieni chifukwa amatha kuwerengedwa pa sikelo, pomwe nambala yomaliza, yomwe ndi 5, ndi nambala yoyerekezeredwa chifukwa nambala iyi singawerengedwe pa sikelo, koma ingangoyerekezeredwa.
- Manambala onse osakhala zero ndi manambala ofunikira.
- Ziro pakati pa manambala awiri osakhala zero ndi nambala yofunika kwambiri. Chitsanzo: 1208 ili ndi ziwerengero zinayi zofunika. 2,0067 ili ndi ziwerengero zisanu zofunika kwambiri.
- Ma zero aliwonse omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati malo a decimal okha si ziwerengero zofunika. Chitsanzo: 0,0024 ali ndi ziwerengero ziwiri zofunika kwambiri, zomwe ndi 2 ndi 4
- Ma zero onse omwe ali mu mzere womaliza wa manambala olembedwa pambuyo pa mfundo ya decimal ndi ziwerengero zofunika. Chitsanzo 1 : 0,003200 ili ndi ziwerengero zinayi zofunika, zomwe ndi 3, 2 ndi ziro ziwiri pambuyo pa nambala 32. Chitsanzo 2 : 0,005070 ili ndi ziwerengero zinayi zofunika, zomwe ndi 5,0,7,0Chitsanzo 3 : 20,0 ali ndi ziwerengero ziwiri zofunika kwambiri, zomwe ndi 2 ndi 0
- Manambala onse asanafike ordinal (mu zolemba zasayansi) ndi manambala ofunikira. Chitsanzo: 3,2 X XUMUM5 ili ndi ziwerengero ziwiri zofunika kwambiri, zomwe ndi 3 ndi 2. 4,50 X XUMUM3 ili ndi ziwerengero zitatu zofunika, zomwe ndi 4, 5 ndi 0
Malamulo ochulukitsa ndi kugawa ziwerengero zofunika
Zotsatira za kuchulukitsa kapena kugawa ziyenera kukhala ndi manambala ambiri monga nambala yomwe chiwerengero chake ndi chiwerengero chochepa kwambiri cha ziwerengero zofunika zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochulukitsa kapena kugawa…
Zitsanzo za Kuchulukitsa kwa Ziwerengero Zofunika
Chitsanzo 1: 3,4 x 6,7 = … ?
Chiwerengero chochepa kwambiri cha ziwerengero zofunika ndi ziwiri (3,4 ndi 6,7 zili ndi ziwerengero zofunika ziwiri). Zotsatira zake ndi 22,78. Zotsatirazi ziyenera kuzunguliridwa kufika pa 23 (ziwerengero zofunika ziwiri). 3,4 x 6,7 = 23
Chitsanzo 2: 2,5 x 3,2 = … ?
Chiwerengero chochepa cha ziwerengero zofunika ndi ziwiri (2,5 ndi 3,2 zili ndi ziwerengero zofunika ziwiri). Ngati tiwerengera pogwiritsa ntchito chowerengera, zotsatira zake ndi 8. Tiyenera kuwonjezera ziro. 2,5 x 3,2 = 8,0 (ziwerengero zofunika ziwiri)
Chitsanzo 3: 1,0 x 2,0 = 2,0 (ziwerengero ziwiri zofunika), osati 2
Chitsanzo cha kugawa kwakukulu kwa chifaniziro:
Chitsanzo 1: 2,0 : 3,0 = …. ?
Chiwerengero chochepa cha ziwerengero zofunika ndi ziwiri. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito chowerengera, zotsatira zake ndi 0,666666… zomwe ziyenera kuzunguliridwa kukhala ziwerengero zofunika ziwiri zokha: 2,0 : 3,0 = 0.67 ( ziwerengero zofunika ziwiri, zomwe ndi 6 ndi 7).
Chitsanzo 2: 2,1 : 3,0 = …. ?
Chiwerengero chochepa cha ziwerengero zofunika ndi ziwiri. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito chowerengera, zotsatira zake ndi 0,7. Ziro iyenera kuwonjezedwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti pali ziwerengero ziwiri zofunika. 2,1 : 3,0 = 0.70 ( ziwerengero ziwiri zofunika: 7 ndi 0).
Malamulo Owonjezera ndi Kuchotsa Ziwerengero Zofunika
Kuwonjezera kapena kuchotsa, zotsatira zake siziyenera kukhala zolondola kwambiri kuposa nambala yolondola kwambiri.
Chitsanzo 1: 3,7 – 0,57 = …?
3,7 ndiye yolondola kwambiri. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito chowerengera, zotsatira zake ndi 3,13. Zotsatirazi ndi zolondola kwambiri kuposa 3,7, kotero ziyenera kuzunguliridwa kufika pa 3,1. 3,7 - 0,57 = 3,1
Chitsanzo 2: 10,24 + 32,451 = …… ?
10,24 ndiye yolondola kwambiri. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito chowerengera, zotsatira zake ndi 42,691. Zotsatirazi ndi zolondola kwambiri kuposa 10,24, kotero ziyenera kuzunguliridwa kufika pa 42,69. 10,24 + 32,451 = 42,69
Chitsanzo 3: 10,24 + 32,457 + 2,6 = …. ?
2,6 ndiye wolondola kwambiri. Kuwaphatikiza pamodzi kumabweretsa 45,297. Zotsatirazi ndi zolondola kwambiri kuposa 2,6, kotero ziyenera kuzunguliridwa kufika pa 45,3. 10,24 + 32,457 + 2,6 = 45,3
Chiwerengero cha ziwerengero zofunika pa zotsatira za kuwonjezera kapena kuchotsa sichinthu chofunikira.
Chitsanzo cha mavuto
1. Zotsatira za kuyeza kutalika ndi m'lifupi mwa malo ozungulira ndi 12,23 m ndi 14,3 m. Malo a malo motsatira malamulo a ziwerengero zofunika ndi…..
A. 175,8890 m2
B. 175,889 m2
C. 175,89 m2
D. 175,8 m2
E. 175 m2
Zokambirana
Malo = 12,23 x 14,3 = 174,889 m2
Lamulo la ziwerengero zofunika pakuchulukitsa: chiwerengero cha ziwerengero zofunika mu zotsatira chiyenera kukhala chochuluka monga ziwerengero zochepa zofunika mu manambala omwe akuchulukitsidwa. 12,23 ili ndi ziwerengero zinayi zofunika, ndipo 14,3 ili ndi ziwerengero zitatu zofunika. Ziwerengero zochepa zofunika ndi 3, kotero zotsatira zake ziyeneranso kukhala ndi ziwerengero zitatu zofunika.
174,889 ili ndi ziwerengero 6 zofunika, kotero ziyenera kuzunguliridwa kufika pa ziwerengero zitatu zofunika = 175.
Yankho lolondola ndi E.
2. Pada pengukuran panjang benda, diperoleh hasil pengukuran 0,08020 meter. Banyaknya angka penting hasil pengukuran tersebut adalah…
A. chimodzi
B. ziwiri
C. atatu
D. zinayi
E. zisanu
Zokambirana
Malinga ndi malamulo a ziwerengero zofunika, chiwerengero cha ziwerengero zofunika mu 0,08020 ndi zinayi (0,0).8020)
